Raymond L. Garthoff
American diplomat (1929–2024)
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Raymond Leonard Garthoff (March 26, 1929 – December 7, 2024) was an American politician and senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and a specialist on arms control, intelligence, the Cold War, NATO, and the former Soviet Union. He was a U.S. Ambassador to Bulgaria and has advised the U.S. State Department on treaties.[1]
Raymond L. Garthoff | |
|---|---|
| United States Ambassador to Bulgaria | |
| In office July 29, 1977 – October 9, 1979 | |
| President | Jimmy Carter |
| Preceded by | Martin F. Herz |
| Succeeded by | Jack Richard Perry |
| Personal details | |
| Born | March 26, 1929 Cairo, Egypt |
| Died | November 7, 2024 (aged 95) |
| Profession | Diplomat, Career Ambassador |
Life and career
In 1948, he received his B.A. from Princeton University. In 1949, he received his M.A. from Yale. From 1950 to 1957, he was a Soviet analyst for RAND Corporation. In 1951, he received his PhD from Yale. From 1957 to 1961, he was a CIA Office of National Estimates (ONE) analyst. In the early 1960s, he was a special assistant in the State Department. Beginning in 1969, he was involved in the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, as executive secretary of the U.S. delegation.[1] In September 1970, he became a deputy director of the State Department's Bureau of Political-Military Affairs.[1] As he later described it, he was "the regular Department representative on the verification panel working group, as it was called, the main working group for the SALT [I] preparations."[1]
In the 1970s, he was a senior Foreign Service inspector. From 1980 to 1994, he was a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution.[2][3] He is the author of numerous scholarly papers, books, and has been featured in PBS documentaries.
He is well known for his disagreement with the 1976 characterization of Team B and Richard Pipes of Soviet nuclear doctrine.[4] Garthoff died at a retirement community in Mitchellville, on December 7, 2024, at the age of 95.[5]
Works
Articles
- "Putin's Policies Promise Measured Change". Los Angeles Times. 2 April 2000. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012.
- Garthoff, Raymond L. (1978). "On Estimating and Imputing Intentions". International Security. 2 (3): 22–32.
- Garthoff, R. L. (1977). Negotiating Salt. The Wilson Quarterly (1976-), 1(5), 76–85. Read online
Books
- Reflections on the Cuban Missile Crisis: Revised To Include New Revelations from Soviet & Cuban Sources (Revised) by Raymond Garthoff (Paperback - Jun 2, 1989)
- The Great Transition: American-Soviet Relations and the End of the Cold War. Raymond L. Garthoff The Brookings Institution, 1994, 834 pp. covers 1981 to 1991
- Détente and Confrontation: American-Soviet Relations from Nixon to Reagan by Raymond L. Garthoff (1985; revised 2nd ed. 1994) covers 1970-1980 online free to borrow
- Deterrence and the Revolution in Soviet Military Doctrine by Raymond L. Garthoff (1990)
- Soviet Military Policy; A Historical Analysis by Raymond L. Garthoff (Hardcover - 1966)
- Soviet Strategy in the Nuclear Age *Praeger Pubs. in Russian History and World Communism, No. 71 by Raymond L. Garthoff (Hardcover - 1958)
- Policy Versus the Law: The Reinterpretation of the Abm Treaty by Raymond L. Garthoff (Paperback - Oct 1987)
- Sino-Soviet Military Relations by Raymond L. Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1966)
- A Journey Through the Cold War: A Memoir of Containment and Coexistence by Raymond L. Garthoff (Hardcover - Jun 30, 2001)
- Assessing the Adversary: Estimates by the Eisenhower Administration of Soviet Intentions and Capabilities (Brookings Occasional Papers) by Raymond L. Garthoff (Paperback - Sep 1991)
- Soviet Image of Future War by Raymond Garthoff (Hardcover - Jun 1959)
- Intelligence Assessment and Policymaking: A Decision Point in the Kennedy Administration by Raymond L. Garthoff (Paperback - Jul 1984)
- Science and Technology in Contemporary War **Praeger Pubs. in Russian History and World Communism, No.74** by MG G.I. (Raymond L. Garthoff, Translator/Annotator) Pokrovsky (Hardcover - 1959)
- The tragedy of Hungary: A revolution won and lost (P-984) by Raymond L Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1956)
- The Soviet High Command and General Staff (P-684) by Raymond L Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1955
- The new Soviet leadership Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corp. by Raymond L Garthoff (Unknown Binding - 1953)