Reasi district

District of Jammu and Kashmir administered by India From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Reasi district is an administrative district in the Jammu division of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.^[1] The Reasi district is bordered by Udhampur district and Ramban district in the east, Jammu district in the south, Rajouri district in the west and by Kulgam district on the north. The Reasi and Rajouri tehsils formed a joint district called the "Reasi district" at the time of the princely state's accession to India in 1947. As part of the reorganisation, the two tehsils were separated and Reasi was merged with the Udhampur district. It again became a separate district in 2006.^[2]

Administering countryIndia

HeadquartersReasi

Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)

Vehicle registrationJK-20

Quick facts Administering country, Union territory ...

Reasi district
District of Jammu and Kashmir administered by India
Mountains near Vaishno Devi Temple
Interactive map of Reasi district
Reasi district is in the Jammu division (shown with neon blue boundary) of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir (shaded in tan region^[1]
Coordinates (Reasi): 33.09°N 74.84°E / 33.09; 74.84
Administering country	India
Union territory	Jammu and Kashmir
Division	Jammu
Headquarters	Reasi
Tehsils	Reasi, Pouni, Katra, Bhamag, Arnas, Throo, Chassana, Thakrakote, Mahore
Area
• Total	1,719 km² (664 sq mi)
Population (2011)
• Total	314,667
• Density	183.1/km² (474.1/sq mi)
• Urban	8.6%
Demographics
• Literacy	58.15%
• Sex ratio	890
Languages
• Official	Dogri, Gujari, English, Hindi, Kashmiri, Urdu
• Spoken	Dogri, Gujari, Kashmiri
Time zone	UTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registration	JK-20
Website	http://reasi.nic.in

Reasi is one of the oldest towns of the Jammu and Kashmir State. It was the seat of the erstwhile Bhimgarh State, said to have been established by Raja Bhim Dev sometime in the 8th century. It remained an independent principality till 1822, when Maharaja Gulab Singh the then Dogra Raja of Jammu hill region, under the Sikh Empire, consolidated the small states.

History

Bhimgarh Fort

Bhimgarh Fort also known as ‘Reasi Fort’ is a historical fort located in the town of Reasi on a hillock approximately 150 meters high. As per local lore initially, the fort was made of clay which later on was reconstructed with stone masonry and was generally used by the royal family for taking shelter during emergencies. Presently the fort is in the charge of the Department of Archaeology, J&K Government since 1989. Today the fort stands out as one of the important landmarks in the town. During that time this was damaged several times due to its age and natural violence. Over time, the government has undertaken reconstruction efforts to preserve the fort as a historical landmark in the city.^{[citation needed]}

Inside India

After the accession of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir to India in 1947, the Rajouri and Reasi tehsils of the former "Reasi district" were separated. Rajouri was merged with the Indian-administered Poonch district, India and Reasi was merged with the Udhampur district.

The people of this hilly area have long agitated for restoring the district status for Reasi. The Wazir Commission report, among other recommendations, proposed that it be upgraded to a district. Rishi Kumar Koushal, a prominent leader of the erstwhile Jan Sangh, now Bharatiya Janata Party, led the agitation to restore the district status in the late nineties.

Reasi was upgraded to district level in 2007.

Demographics

Population

More information Year, Pop. ...

Historical populations
Year	Pop.	±%
1901	57,195	—
1911	61,506	+7.5%
1921	64,243	+4.4%
1931	68,335	+6.4%
1941	74,224	+8.6%
1951	81,852	+10.3%
1961	89,481	+9.3%
1971	116,387	+30.1%
1981	160,091	+37.6%
1991	200,059	+25.0%
2001	247,694	+23.8%
2011	314,667	+27.0%
source:^[3] † 1951 and 1991 populations are estimated.

According to the 2011 census, Reasi district had a population of 314,667,^[4]^[5] roughly equal to the nation of The Bahamas.^[6] This gave it a ranking of 570th in India (out of a total of 640).^[5] The district had a population density of 184 inhabitants per square kilometre (480/sq mi).^[5] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 27.06%.^[5]

Social groups

Dogras and Gujjars are two major ethnic groups of the Reasi district.^[7]^[8] Dogras are mainly Hindus, Gujjars make up the majority among Muslims, followed by Kashmiris and Paharis also found in the district.

Language

Languages of Reasi district (2011)^[9]

Dogri (43.8%)
Gojri (25.6%)
Kashmiri (18.3%)
Pahari (6.64%)
Hindi (1.62%)
Others (4.05%)

Dogri and Gujari are two major spoken languages in Reasi district. Dogri Dogri by 43.76% and Gujari 25.60% by district's total population. Other main languages include: Kashmiri, Pahari, Hindi and Punjabi. Kashmiri is predominantly spoken in Gul Gulabgarh tehsil, while Dogri is the predominant language in Reasi tehsil.

Religion

More information Religion, Percent ...

Religion in Reasi district (2011)^[10]
Religion			Percent
Islam			49.66%
Hinduism			48.91%
Sikhism			0.99%
Other or not stated			0.44%

Reasi has a population which is nearly evenly split between Muslims and Hindus. Reasi's population stands at 314,667 (2011), of whom 49.67% are Muslims and 48.90% are Hindus.

More information Tehsil, Muslim ...

Tehsil	Muslim	Hindu	Sikh	Others
Gul Gulabgarh	79.27	19.78	0.56	0.39
Reasi	23.43	74.72	1.37	0.48

Sex ratio & literacy rate

Reasi has a sex ratio of 890 females for every 1000 males^[5] (which varies with religion), and a literacy rate of 59.42%.^[5] 8.58% of the population lives in urban areas. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes account for 12.00% and 28.08% of the population of the district.^[11]

More information Religion (and population), Sex Ratio ...

Sex Ratio in Reasi District in 2011 Census.^[10]
(no. females per 1,000 males)
Religion (and population)			Sex Ratio
Muslim (pop 156,275)			915
Hindu (pop 153,898)			869
Sikh (pop 3,107)			924
Other (pop 1,387)			558
Total (pop 314,667)			890

More information % urban of population, according to the 2011 Census, Hindu ...

Reasi district: religion, gender ratio, and % urban of population, according to the 2011 Census^[10]
	Hindu	Muslim	Christian	Sikh	Buddhist	Jain	Other	Not stated	Total
Total	153,898	156,275	1,208	3,107	15	7	3	154	314,667
Total	48.91%	49.66%	0.38%	0.99%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.05%	100.00%

Male	82,358	81,598	782	1,615	11	4	3	90	166,461
Female	71,540	74,677	426	1,492	4	3	0	64	148,206
Gender ratio (% female)	46.5%	47.8%	35.3%	48.0%	26.7%	42.9%	0.0%	41.6%	47.1%
Sex ratio (no. of females per 1,000 males)	869	915	545	924	–	–	–	–	890

Urban	23,245	3,076	461	194	3	0	0	17	26,996
Rural	130,653	153,199	747	2,913	12	7	3	137	287,671
% Urban	15.1%	2.0%	38.2%	6.2%	20.0%	0.0%	0.0%	11.0%	8.6%

Geography

Reasi is 64 km from Jammu and is bounded by tehsil Gool-Gulabgarh in the north, tehsil Sunderbani and Kalakote of district Rajouri in the west, tehsil Udhampur in the east, tehsils Jammu and Akhnoor of district Jammu in the south.

Climatically, a major part of this sub-division falls in the sub-tropical zone and the rest in temperate zone.

Access

Being far away from Jammu–Udhampur–Srinagar Highway 1-A and somewhat inaccessible due to the hilly area, economic progress in the mostly hilly region of Reasi has been rather slow. With the commissioning of Salal Hydroelectric Project at Dhyangarh near Reasi, the economic activity of the area has picked up considerably. Construction work for this project was started in 1970 by the National Hydro-Electric Power Corporation (NHPC) and the project was commissioned in 1987 when the first stage of 345 Megawatt power station was completed and balance/the second stage of the project with 345 MW was commissioned in 1995 making the total generation to 690 MW. Power from this project flows to the Northern Grid from where it is distributed to the states of J&K, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Chandigarh.

The Jammu–Srinagar–Baramulla Railway line which is under construction passes through the Reasi district. The Railway line to Katra was inaugurated on 4 July 2014, by the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi at Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Katra railway station. From Katra, the Railway line traverses to Reasi-Banihal area with stations at Reasi, Salal A–Salal B, Surukot, Barala, Sangaldan, Kohli and Laole. The 1,315-metre-long (4,314 ft) Chenab Rail Bridge was constructed over the Chenab River near Salal with a height of 383.10 meters from the river surface.

Administration

Reasi district is one of the 10 districts in the J&K, which came into existence on 1 April 2007. It is predominantly a hill district, which enjoys variable climatic conditions, ranging from sub-tropical to semi-temperate. The district can be divided into 'hilly' and 'low-lying hilly' regions.

The district is divided into nine tehsils and 22 niabats. There are 12 development blocks with 147 panchayat halquas.

Tehsils

Reasi
Pouni
Katra
Bhomag
Arnas
Throo
Chassana
Thakrakote
Mahore

Blocks

Reasi
Gulabgarh
Pouni
Katra
Bhomag
Arnas
Thuroo
Chassana
Thakrakote
Mahore
Panthal
Jij

Villages

Domaldi
Thanpal

Natural resources

Lithium deposits have been discovered in Reasi, the first such discovery in India. The Geological Survey of India estimated that there are 5.9 million tonnes of lithium deposits in the Salal-Haimama region in the district as confirmed by India's Ministry of Mines.^[12]^[13]

Tourism

Religious sites

Major Hindu pilgrimage sites like Vaishno Devi Temple, Shiv Khori, Baba Dhansar and Siyad Baba Waterfall are located in this district.^{[citation needed]}

References

[1]
The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the tertiary sources (a) through (d), reflecting due weight in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (f) through (h) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (i) below).
(a) Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 15 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";
(b) Pletcher, Kenneth, Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 16 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state.";
(c) "Kashmir", Encyclopedia Americana, Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006, p. 328, ISBN 978-0-7172-0139-6 C. E Bosworth, University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947";
(d) Osmańczyk, Edmund Jan (2003), Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M, Taylor & Francis, pp. 1191–, ISBN 978-0-415-93922-5 Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute betw een India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China."
(e) Talbot, Ian (2016), A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas, Yale University Press, pp. 28–29, ISBN 978-0-300-19694-8 Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";
(f) Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 15 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "... China became active in the eastern area of Kashmir in the 1950s and has controlled the northeastern part of Ladakh (the easternmost portion of the region) since 1962.";
(g) Bose, Sumantra (2009), Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace, Harvard University Press, pp. 294, 291, 293, ISBN 978-0-674-02855-5 Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million. AJK has six districts: Muzaffarabad, Mirpur, Bagh, Kodi, Rawalakot, and Poonch. Its capital is the town of Muzaffarabad. AJK has its own institutions, but its political life is heavily controlled by Pakistani authorities, especially the military), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control."
(h) Fisher, Michael H. (2018), An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge University Press, p. 166, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2 Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir.";
(i) Snedden, Christopher (2015), Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris, Oxford University Press, p. 10, ISBN 978-1-84904-621-3 Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."
[2]
Jammu and Kashmir to have eight new districts, Indo-Asian News Service, 6 July 2006.
[3]
"A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
[4]
"Census of India: Primary Census Abstract". Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
[5]
District Census Handbook 2011: Reasi (PDF). Census of India. 2016.
[6]
US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Bahamas, The 313,312
[7]
Kumar, Vikas (4 January 2024). Numbers as Political Allies: The Census in Jammu and Kashmir. Cambridge University Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-1-009-31722-1.
[8]
Crane, Robert I. (1956). Area Handbook on Jammu and Kashmir State. University of Chicago for the Human Relations Area Files. p. 152. The Gujjars are concentrated in Jammu Province with large proportions residing in Jammu, Reasi and Poonch Districts.
[9]
C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Jammu & Kashmir (Report). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
[10]
C-1 Population By Religious Community – Jammu & Kashmir (Report). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
[11]
"Reasi Tehsil Population, Religion, Caste Reasi district, Jammu and Kashmir - Census India". www.censusindia.co.in. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
[12]
"India finds Lithium deposits for first time in country". Reuters. No. 10 February 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
[13]
"India discovers lithium inferred resources in Jammu and Kashmir". The Hindu Businessline. 10 February 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2023.