SS Minnetonka (1901)

Minnetonka was built at the Harland & Wolff shipyard in Belfast, United Kingdom and launched on 12 December 1901 before being completed on 17 May 1902. The ship was 182.9 metres (600 ft 1 in) long, with a beam of 19.8 m (65 ft 0 in) and a depth of 12.2 m (40 ft 0 in). The ship was assessed at 13,528 gross register tons (GRT). She had two quadruple-expansion engines rated at 1,227 nominal horsepower, driving two screws which allowed her to achieve a maximum speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph). As built, the ship could carry 250 First class passengers and was among the first vessels that was fitted with a wireless Marconi set.^[4][5]

She had six sister ships:

Minnetonka departed on her maiden voyage from London to New York on 17 May 1902 and arrived at her destination without incident. Following this, Minnetonka would sail this route for the rest of her career. On 13 December 1902, as Minnetonka was sailing from Newport to Boston with a cargo of coal, she ecountered heavy seas and was struck by a rogue wave that damaged her bridge, washed off several of her lifeboats, shifted her cargo and disabled her steering gear. Minnetonka called for aid through her Marconi wireless and was taken in tow by another steamer towards the nearest port in Bermuda. The tow line however, snapped after 12 hours and the crew of Minnetonka managed to repair her steering gear well enough so the ship could reach Bermuda under her own power, where she was subsequently repaired and returned to service. In July 1907, Minnetonka transported American author Mark Twain back to the United States after he had received an honorary doctorate from the University of Oxford. On that voyage, Twain met and developed a lifelong friendship with 9-year-old Dorothy Quick who would later become a novelist and poet herself. Minnetonka conducted her last transatlantic voyage on 31 December 1914, after which the vessel was retired from civilian service.^[6]

The ship was requisitioned by the British Admiralty in May 1915 and refitted for use as an armed auxiliary transport with two deck guns (HMT158) in the ongoing war. Minnetonka was shelled by the German submarine SM U-35 on 2 February 1917 while she was travelling from Marseille to Bizerte under escort of the destroyers Nereide and Sheldrake, but the ships managed to outrun the U-boat and escaped unharmed. SM UC-34 also had Minnetonka in her sights on 24 September 1917 while the ship was travelling from Sicily to Tunisia under escort of the Japanese destroyers Yanagi and Kashi, but the ships once again successfully escaped from the situation unharmed.^[7][6]

On 30 January 1918, as Minnetonka was sailing unescorted from Port Said to Marseille while carrying a cargo of mail, she was spotted by the German submarines SM U-64 and SM UC-67. At 4.43 pm, U-64 fired two torpedoes at Minnetonka without warning, one of which struck the ship, damaging her but not by enough to sink her. At 5 pm, U-64 fired another torpedo at the ship and at 5.10 pm, UC-67 surfaced and used her deck gun to fire ten shells at Minnetonka. The damage proved enough to sink Minnetonka with the loss of four of her 173 crewmen. Of the 169 survivors, ten were taken as prisoners of war by U-64 and transferred to UC-67 to be taken to Germany.^[6][4]

The wreck of Minnetonka lies at 36°14′N 14°55′E in 170 metres (560 ft) of water, but the current condition of the wreck is unknown.^[4]