Sadanic languages

The Indo Aryan languages of Jharkhand such as Nagpuri, Panchpargania, Kurmali, and Khortha are known as Sadani languages. Earlier linguists had classified these languages as dialects of Bhojpuri and Magahi, but recent research suggests that these languages developed from a single ancestor language and are closer to each other than to other Bihari languages. Their differences are due to their geographical distribution and contact with different tribal Munda languages.^[1]

According to scholars, the Sadri/Nagpuri language was in contact with the Mundari language. Due to widespread use as a lingua franca, it lost ergativity as Munda languages have no ergativity. It gained attributive possession between alienable and inalienable in third person possessor. It lacks loan words from Dravidian and Austroasiatic languages but contributed countless loan words in its contact languages. According to Abbi (1997), Indo-Aryan languages influenced Dravidian and Austroasiatic languages. The converse marker of Kharia (-ke, -kon) and Kurukh (-ki) is due to influence from Indo-Aryan language.^[4]

Panchparganiya does not have large numbers of loan words. It retain its morphological ergativity and did not develop an alienable or inalienable distinction in attributive possession.^[1]

• Sengupta, Nirmal, ed. (1982). Fourth World Dynamics, Jharkhand. Authors Guild Publications. Archived from the original on 8 November 2022.