Samba-sincopado
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| Samba-sincopado | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins | |
| Cultural origins | Early 1910s in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
Samba-sincopado (lit. 'syncopated samba') is a subgenre of samba that emphasises the syncopation of the musical genre. It is also sometimes referred to as samba do telecoteco.[1]
The word syncope comes from the Greek syncopé, meaning "suppression" or "cut". In medicine, syncope indicates a momentary stop or decrease in heart rate, accompanied by suspension of breathing and temporary loss of consciousness. In grammar, syncope means the deletion of phonemes in a word.[2]: 38 In both medicine and grammar, the term syncope suggests a change or alteration in the rhythm of the body or tongue.[2]: 38
In music, syncopation indicates deviations in the rhythmic pattern in which the sound—articulated in the weak part of the beat or bar—continues in the strong part of the next beat. It indicates the writing of a weak beat of a bar, prolonged by another beat of greater or equal duration.[2]: 38 Modern urban samba, which emerged in Rio de Janeiro in the 1910s, was closely linked to the maxixe. At the end of the 1920s, samba underwent major rhythmic transformations, changing the way it was played, sung and danced compared with the first generation of samba players—such as Sinhô, Donga and João da Baiana.[3][4][5] Doing away with the old samba amaxixado, this new form of samba had a more syncopated cadence and was supported more by percussion.[6] Samba itself became syncopated, but in samba-sincopado, syncopation (displacement) was pushed to its ultimate consequences.[7]