Sandivogius of Czechel
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Sandivogius of Czechel (Polish: Sędziwój z Czechła; c. 1410– 1476)[1] was a Polish astronomer and cartographer. He was a professor and Stobner Chair at the Kraków Academy. He is known for providing a precise orbit of the Moon by introducing an additional epycicle in the geocentric model.
Probably born in Czechel in the Kingdom of Poland.
He enrolled Kraków Academy in 1423.[2] After graduating, he taught astronomy there from 1429 to 1431,[3] he held the special astronomy Stobner Chair (named after medieval scholar Nicholas Stobner).[2][4] He worked on revising the Alfonsine tables, that were considered inaccurate by the academy.[4]
In 1430, he wrote a commentary to Gerard of Cremona's Theorica Planetarium from the 13th century.[3] In his commentary, he proposed to use two epicycles to correct the orbit of the Moon in the geocentric model.[3] A similar model was devised by another Kraków Academy professor Albert Brudzewski, half a century later. Their ideas were later expanded by Nicolaus Copernicus for other planets.[3] This correction explained why the Moon always shows the same side to Earth.[5]
Sandivogious also taught optics, based on the ideas of John Peckham.[6] He wrote a popular a commentary to Peckham's Perspective communis.[7] Sandivogius was a perspectivist, he aligned himself with Ibn al-Haytham and Vitello.[1][8]
In 1431, Sandivogius left Cracow. He kept correspondence with his friend and historian Jan Długosz, who kept him in close contact with the academy.[4][9]
In 1440, he wrote Chronica Polonorum, also known as the Code de Sędziwoj, presenting a detailed description of the geography and administrative division of Poland.[9] Between 1443 and 1444 he studied in the College of Navarre in Paris, where he offered a copy of his Code.[9] It contains one of the remaining transcripts of the Gesta principum Polonorum.[10]
He also wrote Algorismus minutiarium and Algorismus proportionum.[2]
References
- 1 2 Gage, John (1999). Color and Culture: Practice and Meaning from Antiquity to Abstraction. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22225-0.
- 1 2 3 Knoll, Paul (2016-08-09). "A Pearl of Powerful Learning": The University of Cracow in the Fifteenth Century. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-32601-9.
- 1 2 3 4 Rosińska, Grażyna (1974). "Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī and Ibn al-Shāṭir in Cracow?". Isis. 65 (2): 239–243. doi:10.1086/351260. ISSN 0021-1753. JSTOR 229373.
- 1 2 3 Westman, Robert S. (1975-01-01). The Copernican Achievement. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-02877-7.
- ↑ Goddu, André (2010-01-01). Copernicus and the Aristotelian Tradition: Education, Reading, and Philosophy in Copernicus's Path to Heliocentrism. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-18107-6.
- ↑ Lindberg, David C. (1976). Theories of Vision from Al-kindi to Kepler. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-48235-4.
- ↑ Hilfstein, Erna (1989). "Review of Optyka w xv wieku: Między nauką średniowieczną a nowożytną/Fifteenth-Century Optics: Between Medieval and Modern Science". Speculum. 64 (1): 209–211. doi:10.2307/2852236. ISSN 0038-7134. JSTOR 2852236.
- ↑ Alloa, Emmanuel (2020-02-26). Partages de la perspective (in French). Fayard. ISBN 978-2-213-71532-2.
- 1 2 3 Jackowski, Antoni; Bilska-Wodecka, Elżbieta; Sołjan, Izabela; Liro, Justyna (2016). "La tradition des relations franco-polonaises en géographie". Annales - Centre Scientifique de l'Académie Polonaise des Sciences à Paris (in French).
- ↑ Bak, János M.; Schaer, Frank (2003-05-10). Gesta principum Polonorum: The Deeds of the Princes of the Poles. Central European University Press. ISBN 978-615-5211-41-6.
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