Santo Christo de Castello
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| History | |
|---|---|
| Republic of Genoa | |
| Name | Santo Christo de Castello |
| Namesake | San Cristoforo Castle |
| In service | 1667 |
| Out of service | 1667 |
| Homeport | Amsterdam, Dutch Republic |
| Fate | Wrecked near Mullion Cove off the coast of England, 7 October 1667 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type | Merchant Galleon |
| Complement | 120-130 |
| Armament | 48 guns |
The Santo Christo de Castello, was a mid‐17th century Genoese armed merchant ship sailing from Amsterdam to Genoa, via Portugal and Spain, that was wrecked on its maiden near Mullion Cove, Cornwall, England in 1667. In the late 17th and 18th centuries various efforts were made to recover the silver it was said to have carried. It was then forgotten, but was rediscovered in 1969, and interesting artefacts have since been recovered.
The Genoese galleon Santo Christo de Castello was sailing from Amsterdam to Genoa under Captain Lorenzo Viviano when it was wrecked. The ship was armed with 48 guns, some of which were bronze. She carried cloth, spices and a general cargo, including "piggs" of lead.[1] This was the ship's maiden voyage.[2]
Wreck
The Santo Christo de Costello was wrecked in a gale in October 1667 near the Lizard of Cornwall, England "between the growing and flowing back of the sea".[3] The vessel took shelter from gales in Mount's Bay on 5 October 1667. After lying at anchor for two days, on 7 October 1667 it was driven ashore at Mullion Cove. Most of the 120 people on board escaped in the ship's boats, but 25 were drowned. Probably the ship sheltered too close to the cliffs and was caught when the wind shifted direction.[2]
A document in Latin from shortly after the wreck authorizes the public sale by auction of what remained of the Sanctus Christus de Castello including her tackle and equipment, anchors, guns and ropes, goods, property, merchandise or objects of trade.[4]
Early salvage efforts
There is a wreck at Bumble Rock which is probably the Santo Christo de Castello.[5] The wreck is in a shallow cove near Polurrian, Mullion, Cornwall.[6] The ship had a lot of silver aboard, making it a target for divers ever since.[5] In the late 17th and 18th centuries the Bumble Rock wreck was often visited by divers.[7]
The London shipowner and merchant Philip Ford signed an agreement with King James II of England in September 1688 by which he could search for wrecks along the south coast of England and around the Isles of Scilly, paying 1/5 of the value to the King. He would pay another 1/5 to Sidney, Lord Godolphin, for treasure from ships owned by Godolphin found near the Isles of Scilly.[8] Ford found four piggs near the Lizard holding 3,310 ounces (94,000 g) of silver and paid the King's fifth. The Bishop of Exeter claimed half the profits in his role as Vice-Admiral of South Cornwall, but his claim was rejected. The silver may well have come from the Santo Christo de Castello.[7]
In the summer of 1732 the Eagle made a wreck-hunting voyage around the south of England.[5] The expedition reached the Lizard in June, where they began diving on the wreck of the Royal Anne Galley, a 40-gun man of war that had been wrecked on the Stagg Rocks in November 1721, and on the wreck at Bumble Rock, the main target. In five weeks of diving they recovered some minor objects of little value from the man of war, and recovered nothing from Bumble Rock but some ballast stones and a small piece of much-eroded iron.[9]
