Sareni, Uttar Pradesh

Sareni was supposedly first founded by a member of the Bais clan named Sarang Sah.^[3] It was first made headquarters of a pargana and tehsil during the reign of Saadat Ali Khan (which one is not specified in the source).^[3] Previously, the pargana had been part of four different mahals: Kahanjara, Nisgar, Deorakh, and Tara Singhaur.^[3]

At the turn of the 20th century, Sareni had a police station, a post office, a cattle pound, and a large primary school.^[3] It was held in taluqdari tenure by the Rana of Khajurgaon, as part of the Murarmau estate.^[3] The population in 1901 was 1,458, including a Muslim minority of 202.^[3]

The 1951 census recorded Sareni as comprising 7 hamlets, with a total population of 1,466 people (779 male and 687 female), in 281 households and 149 245 houses.^[6] The area of the village was given as 1,197 acres.^[6] 153 residents were literate, 147 male and 6 female.^[6] The village was listed as belonging to the pargana of Sareni and the thana of Sareni.^[6]

The 1961 census recorded Sareni as comprising 5 hamlets, with a total population of 1,883 people (955 male and 928 female), in 334 households and 290 physical houses.^[7] The area of the village was given as 1,197 acres and it had a medical practitioner and post office at that point.^[7] It also had the following small industrial establishments: 1 grain mill, 1 maker of clothing, 2 makers of wooden products not further classified, and 1 maker of jewellery or precious metal items.^[7] The village's police staff consisted of 2 sub-inspectors, 1 head constable, and 14 constables.^[7]

The 1981 census recorded Sareni as having a population of 2,575 people, in 414 households, and having an area of 457.70 hectares.^[4] The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.^[4]

The 1991 census recorded Sareni as having a total population of 3,419 people (1,777 male and 1,642 female), in 583 households and 583 physical houses.^[5] The area of the village was listed as 458 hectares.^[5] Members of the 0-6 age group numbered 707, or 21% of the total; this group was 56% male (396) and 44% female (311).^[5] Members of scheduled castes made up 19% of the village's population, while no members of scheduled tribes were recorded.^[5] The literacy rate of the village was 40% (950 men and 406 women).^[5] 919 people were classified as main workers (786 men and 133 women), while 2 people were classified as marginal workers (both women); the remaining 2,498 residents were non-workers.^[5] The breakdown of main workers by employment category was as follows: 280 cultivators (i.e. people who owned or leased their own land); 253 agricultural labourers (i.e. people who worked someone else's land in return for payment); 2 workers in livestock, forestry, fishing, hunting, plantations, orchards, etc.; 0 in mining and quarrying; 38 household industry workers; 66 workers employed in other manufacturing, processing, service, and repair roles; 4 construction workers; 133 employed in trade and commerce; 9 employed in transport, storage, and communications; and 134 in other services.^[5]

Sareni CD block has the following 160 villages:^[2]