Scatomancy

In ancient times scatomancers were often influential members of their community called upon to assist in medical diagnosis and trial by ordeal.^{[3][unreliable source?]} In one of scatomancy's forms, popular in ancient Egypt, kleptomantic dung beetles were employed. These insects were held sacred and immortalized by the Egyptians. They shape, roll and weave dung balls as a sexual display and courtship attractor. The beetles' speed and behavior, as well as the appearance of the dung balls, were all taken into consideration for the prognostications.^{[citation needed]}

The examination of feces and urine by physicians and folk medicine practitioners has also been performed since ancient times. Medicine men and women were knowledgeable on it, and made predictions as well as diagnoses from feces examination, resembling today's medical professionals and laboratories.

• Dictionary of the Occult. Caxton Publishing
• Dunwich, Gerina. A Wiccan's Guide to Prophecy and Divination. Carol Publishing Group
• Pickover, Clifford A.. Dreaming the Future: The Fantastic Story of Prediction. Prometheus Books
• Spence, Lewis. An Encyclopedia of Occultism. Carol Publishing Group
• Walker, Charles. The Encyclopedia of the Occult. Random House Value