Schiavone
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Schiavone (pronounced [skjaˈvoːne]; feminine Schiavona, plural Schiavoni) is an Italian ethnonym literally meaning 'Slav' in Old Venetian (modern form S-ciavon). Originally, this term indicated origins in the lands of Dalmatia and Istria (in present-day Slovenia and Croatia), when under the rule of the Republic of Venice. Today it is an Italian surname.
The importance of Schiavoni's role in the Venetian Republic is best shown by the name of one of the main streets in Venice, Riva degli Schiavoni, just in front of the Doge Palace and St. Mark's Square.
A number of artists who worked in Italy who were of Slavic descent were nicknamed Schiavone by their origin: some famous examples, among others, are painters Giulio Clovio and Federico Bencovich.
Schiavone was also a designation of the Oltremarini, a military unit of the same descent in the Venetian Navy. The basket-hilted sword schiavona was also named after the Schiavone.
Historically, the term has also been used in reference to the southern Italian community of Molise Croats.
Toponymy
- Ginestra degli Schiavoni, Campania, Italy
- Riva degli Schiavoni, Venice, Italy
- San Giacomo degli Schiavoni, Molise, Italy
- San Giorgio degli Schiavoni, a historical building in Venice, Italy
- San Girolamo degli Schiavoni, a church in Rome, Italy
- Villa Schiavoni near Nepezzano, Abruzzo, Italy
