Dutta was elected as an MLA for the first time on the All India Trinamool Congress ticket from Barrackpore Assembly constituency in the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. He retained the seat for Trinamool in the 2016 Assembly election.[3][4] In 2016, he polled 58,109 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Debasish Bhowmick of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), by a margin of 7,319 votes.[2] In 1996, he contested on an Indian National Congress ticket and lost from Baranagar Assembly constituency.
In December 2020, he joined to the Bharatiya Janata Party.[5] But, he lost the 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election from Khardaha Assembly constituency on a BJP ticket to Kajal Sinha of the Trinamool Congress by a margin of 28,140 votes.[2][6] In the 2024 Indian general election in West Bengal, he contested as an NDA alliance candidate and lost from the Dum Dum Lok Sabha constituency to Saugata Roy of the All India Trinamool Congress, by a margin of 70,660 votes.[7][8]