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Silver chlorate

Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Silver chlorate is an inorganic compound with molecular formula AgClO3. It exists in two forms: white tetragonal prisms, and cubic crystals.[3][7] Like all chlorates, it is water-soluble and an oxidizing agent. It is light-sensitive, so it must be stored in tightly closed dark-coloured containers.[8]

Quick facts Names, Identifiers ...
Silver chlorate
Silver(I) chlorate
Silver(I) chlorate
Names
IUPAC name
Silver(I) chlorate
Systematic IUPAC name
Silver(I) chlorate(V)
Other names
Argentous chlorate[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.122 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 232-034-9
UNII
UN number 1479
  • InChI=1S/Ag.ClHO3/c;2-1(3)4/h;(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 checkY
    Key: SDLBJIZEEMKQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/Ag.ClHO3/c;2-1(3)4/h;(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1
    Key: SDLBJIZEEMKQKY-REWHXWOFAI
  • [Ag+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O
Properties[2]
AgClO3
Molar mass 191.32 g·mol−1
Appearance white crystals
Density
  • 4.43 g/cm3 (tetragonal)
  • 4.21 g/cm3 (cubic)[3]
Melting point 230 °C (446 °F; 503 K)[3]
Boiling point 270 °C (518 °F; 543 K)[3] (decomposes)
17.6 g/100 g
Solubility in alcohols soluble
Band gap
  • 2.92 eV (cubic)[4]
  • 2.40 eV (tetragonal)[5]
Structure (cubic)[4]
Cubic [198]
P213
23
a = 6.63 Å, b = 6.63 Å, c = 6.63 Å
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
291.06 Å3
4
  • Octahedral at Ag1+
  • Trigonal planar at O2−
  • Trigonal non-coplanar at Cl5+
Structure (tetragonal)[5]
Tetragonal [87]
I4/m
4/m
a = 8.67 Å, b = 8.67 Å, c = 8.17 Å
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
614.13 Å3
8
  • 8-coordinate at Ag (1), distorted trigonal pyramidal at Ag (2)
  • distorted single bond at O (1), trigonal planar at O (2)
  • Trigonal non-coplanar at Cl
Thermochemistry[2]
142.0 J⋅mol−1⋅K−1
−30.3 kJ⋅mol−1
64.5 kJ⋅mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:[1]
GHS03: OxidizingGHS07: Exclamation mark
Danger
H272, H315, H319, H335
P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340+P312, P305+P351+P338, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
[6]
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
2
0
2
OX
0.01 mg/m3[1] (TWA)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):[1]
PEL (Permissible)
 0.01 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)
 0.01 mg/m3 (TWA)
Related compounds
Other anions
Other cations
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
X markN verify (what is checkYX markN ?)
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Production

Silver chlorate is produced by the reaction of silver nitrate with sodium chlorate to produce both silver chlorate and sodium nitrate:[8]

AgNO3 + NaClO3 → AgClO3 + NaNO3

Alternatively, it may be produced by the bubbling of chlorine gas through a suspension of silver oxide (Ag2O), or by dissolving Ag2O or metallic silver in chloric acid.[3]

Structure

AgClO3 normally exists as tetragonal crystals which undergo a transition to a cubic phase at 139 °C (282 °F).[7]

Safety

Aside from the potential dangers associated with strong oxidizers, silver chlorate may cause argyria, eye irritation, skin irritation, and temporary respiratory issues.[9]

It also has the potential to detonate when heated very rapidly, or from mechanical shock.[1] If exposed to ammonia it may form the explosive complex triamminesilver chlorate (AgClO3·3NH3).[3]

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