Sodium orthovanadate
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sodium orthovanadate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na3VO4. It forms a dihydrate Na3VO4·2H2O. Sodium orthovanadate is a salt of the VO3−4 oxyanion. It is a colorless, water-soluble solid.[2]
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Sodium vanadate(V) | |
| Other names
Sodium vanadium oxide | |
| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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| 12153548 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.883 |
| 38128 | |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| Na3VO4 | |
| Molar mass | 183.908 g/mol |
| Appearance | white powder |
| Density | 2.16 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point | 858 °C (1,576 °F; 1,131 K) |
| 22.17 g/100 mL | |
| Solubility | insoluble in ethanol |
| Structure | |
| cubic | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
164.8 J/mol K |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
190 J/mol K |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−1757 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling:[1] | |
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| Warning | |
| H302, H312, H332 | |
| P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
330 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Synthesis and structure
Sodium orthovanadate is produced by dissolving vanadium(V) oxide in a solution of sodium hydroxide:
- V2O5 + 6 NaOH → 2 Na3VO4 + 3 H2O
The salt features tetrahedral VO3−4 anion centers linked to octahedral Na+ cation sites.[3]
Condensation equilibria
Like many oxometalates, orthovanadate is subject to a number of reactions, which have been analyzed by 51V NMR studies. At high pH, VO3−4 ions exist in equilibrium with HVO2−4.[4] At lower pH's, condensation ensues to give various polyoxovanadates. Ultimately, decavanadate is formed.[5]
Biochemistry
Vanadates exhibit a variety of biological activities, in part because they serve as structural mimics of phosphates.[6][7] It acts as a competitive inhibitor of ATPases, alkaline and acid phosphatases, and protein-phosphotyrosine phosphatases,[8] and its inhibitory effects can be reversed by dilution or the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).[9]
Orthovanadate is activated by boiling and adjusting pH to ~10; this depolymerizes decavanadate into the active inhibitor, monovanadate.[8]