Soluta (echinoderm)
Extinct clade of echinoderms
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Soluta is an extinct class of echinoderms that lived from the Middle Cambrian to the Early Devonian.[1] The class is also known by its junior synonym Homoiostelea. Soluta is one of the four "carpoid" classes, alongside Ctenocystoidea, Cincta, and Stylophora, which made up the obsolete subphylum Homalozoa. Solutes (or solutans) were asymmetric animals with a stereom skeleton and two appendages, an arm extending anteriorly and a posterior appendage called a homoiostele.
| Soluta Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
| |
| Fossil specimen of Coleicarpus sprinklei | |
 | |
| Silhouette of Castericystis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Clade: | Ambulacraria |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Subphylum: | †Blastozoa (?) |
| Class: | †Soluta Jaekel, 1901 |
| Orders | |
| |
Biology
Classification
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Phylogenetic relationships within Soluta[4] |
The phylogenetic position of Soluta is contentious. Solutans are widely agreed to be echinoderms, though the outmoded[5] calcichordate hypothesis held that they were ancestral to both echinoderms and chordates.[6] Within echinoderms, one hypothesis holds that solutes are stem-group echinoderms which branched off before echinoderms evolved radial symmetry.[7] Another hypothesis holds that they are specialized descendants of radiate echinoderms which lost radial symmetry, likely belonging to Blastozoa.[8]
Solutes are divided into two orders, Syringocrinida and Dendrocystitida.[9]
