Stains-all
Dye
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stains-all is a carbocyanine dye, which stains anionic proteins, nucleic acids, anionic polysaccharides and other anionic molecules.[1][2]
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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
1-Ethyl-2-[(1E,3Z)-3-(1-ethylnaphtho[1,2-d][1,3]thiazol-2(1H)-ylidene)-2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl]naphtho[1,2-d][1,3]thiazol-1-ium bromide | |
| Other names
DBTC; Carbocyanin DBTC | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.225 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C30H27BrN2S2 | |
| Molar mass | 559.58 g·mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Warning | |
| H315, H319, H335 | |
| P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Properties
Stains-all is metachromatic and changes its color dependent on its contact to other molecules.[3] The detection limit for phosphoproteins is below 1 ng after one hour of staining,[4] for anionic polysaccharides between 10 and 500 ng.[5][6] Highly anionic proteins are stained blue, proteoglycans purple and anionic proteins pink.[7] RNA is stained blueish-purple with a detection limit of 90 ng and DNA is stained blue with a detection limit of 3 ng.[8]
Stains-all is light sensitive, therefore the staining is performed in the absence of light and photographed immediately. Staining of proteins can be improved by a subsequent silver stain.[7] The analogue Ethyl-Stains-all has similar properties as stains-all, with differences in solubility and staining properties.[9]
Applications
Stains-all stains nucleic acids, anionic proteins, anionic polysaccharides such as alginate and pectinate,[10] hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate,[5] heparin, heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate.[6] It is used in SDS-PAGE, agarose gel electrophoresis and histologic staining, e.g. staining of growth lines in bones.[11]