TGFB1I1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Transforming growth factor beta-1-induced transcript 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TGFB1I1 gene.[5][6] TGFB1I1 is also sometimes called HIC-5 (Hydrogen Peroxide-Inducible Clone-5)[7] or ARA55 (Androgen Receptor Coactivator 55kDA).[8]
As its multiple names suggests, TGFB1I1 a protein whose expression is induced by TGFB1 and is both inducible by hydrogen peroxide, and a coactivator of the androgen receptors.
TGFB1I1 plays a role in processes of cell growth, proliferation,[9] migration, differentiation,[10] and senescence[11] in multiple contexts including in cancer. TGFB1I1 is most localized at focal adhesion complexes of cells,[5] although it may be found active in the cytosol, nucleus and cell membrane as well.[9][12][13]
Functions
Transforming growth factor beta-1-induced transcript 1 plays a role in a number of cell functions. Originally, TGFB1I1 was isolated as a senescence-inducing gene from mouse osteoblastic cells through treatment with transforming growth factor beta-1 and hydrogen peroxide.[11] During this, TGFB1I1 was also being independently discovered by numerous other groups and was characterized as a focal adhesion protein,[14][15] an androgen and glucocorticoid receptor co-activator,[12][16] a negative regulator of muscle differentiation,[10] and major player in the recovery of arterial media.[17][18]