Talacasto Formation
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Geologic formation in Argentina
Unit ofGualilán Group
Thickness300–1,000 m (980–3,280 ft)
| Talacasto Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Devonian | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Gualilán Group |
| Thickness | 300–1,000 m (980–3,280 ft) |
| Location | |
| Region | |
| Country | Argentina |
| Extent | Precordillera Basin |
| Type section | |
| Named by | Padula et al |
| Year defined | 1967 |
The Talacasto Formation is a geological formation in Argentina, exposed primarily across San Juan Province, with an additional outcrop in La Rioja Province. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
The Talacasto Formation is exposed in the Precordillera Basin of Argentina, with outcrops most widespread in San Juan Province, though an isolated exposure also exists at Sierra de las Minitas in La Rioja Province.[1][2] Along with the Punta Negra Formation, it makes up the Gualilán Group, which represent Devonian-aged deposits in the Argentine Precordillera.[3] The thickness of the Talacasto Formation varies across its extent; at the type locality of Quebrada de Talacasto in the south it is 300 m (980 ft) thick, while at the Loma de los Piojos section near the Jáchal River in the north it exceeds 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in thickness.[1]
Fossil content
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Bivalves
| Bivalves reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Actinopteria[4] | A. eschwegei | Loma de los Piojos | About 20 specimens | A pterineid | |
| A. modesta | Loma de los Piojos | Several specimens | A pterineid | ||
| Anthracoleda[4] | A. (Pseudoleda) minuta |
|
Several specimens | A nuculanid | |
| Deceptrix[4] | D. (Devonodeceptrix) jachalensis | Loma de los Piojos | Several specimens | A cardiolariid | |
| Glossites[4] | G. cf. G. depressus | Loma de los Piojos | 2 specimens | A modiomorphid | |
| Grammysioidea[4] | G. capricornus | Loma de los Piojos | 5 specimens | A grammysiid | |
| Nuculites[4] | N. argentinum |
|
Numerous specimens | A cucullellid | |
| Nuculoidea[4] | N.? sp. | Cerro del Fuerte | 4 specimens | A nuculid | |
| Palaeoneilo[4] | P. cf. P. forbesi | Loma de los Piojos | 5 internal moulds | A malletiid | |
| Pholadella[4] | P. radiata | Loma de los Piojos | 7 specimens | A sanguinolitid | |
Brachiopods
| Brachiopods reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Anoplia[5][6] | A. azucenae | Portezuelo del Tambolar | Over 70 specimens | An anopliid | |
| A. sp. A | Río Talacasto | 6 specimens | An anopliid | ||
| A. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | An anopliid | |||
| Athyris[6] | A. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | An athyridid | ||
| Australostrophia[5] | A. penoensis |
|
Numerous specimens | A strophochonetid | |
| Boucotia[7] | B. argentina |
|
3 isolated valves | A notanopliid | |
| Chonostrophia[5][8] | C. elenae | Loma de los Piojos | Several specimens | A chonostrophiid | |
| C. reversa var. andina | Quebrada de Talacasto | Several specimens | Tentatively reclassified as a species of Sanjuanetes[9] | ||
| Eoschucertella[10] | E. delicata | Quebrada Zerina | Numerous specimens | An areostrophiid | |
| Iridistrophia[10] | I. aliciae | Cerro del Fuerte | Numerous specimens | A chilidiopsid | |
| I. dominans | Loma de los Piojos | Numerous specimens | A chilidiopsid | ||
| I. magna | Cordón de Agua de Peñón | Numerous specimens | A chilidiopsid | ||
| I. prima | Quebrada La Cortadera | Numerous specimens | A chilidiopsid | ||
| Kentronetes[5] | K. giolittii | Quebrada Las Loras | 6 valves | A strophochonetid | |
| K. ortegae | Loma de los Piojos | Numerous specimens | A strophochonetid | ||
| K. vallensis | Loma de los Piojos | 31 specimens | A strophochonetid | ||
| K. variabilis |
|
32 valves | A strophochonetid | ||
| Lingula[6] | L. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | A lingulid | ||
| Lomaella[5] | L. primoris | Loma de los Piojos | 9 specimens | An eodevonariid | |
| L. sanjuanina | Loma de los Piojos | Several specimens | An eodevonariid | ||
| Meristella[6] | M. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | A meristellid | ||
| Metaplasia[6] | M. baldisi | Los Algarrobos section | An ambocoeliid | ||
| Pleurochonetes[5] | ?P. sp. | Loma de los Piojos | 32 specimens | A chonetid | |
| Plicanoplia[5] | P. sp. | Loma de los Piojos | 5 specimens | An anopliid | |
| Sanjuanetes[5][6][8] | ?S. andina |
|
Several specimens | A strophochonetid, originally reported as Chonostrophia reversa var. andina[9] | |
Cephalopods
| Cephalopods reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Bactrites[1] | B. gracilis |
|
18 specimens | A bactritid | |
| B. sp. |
|
5 specimens | A bactritid | ||
| Devonobactrites[1] | D.? sp. | Loma de los Piojos section | 2 specimens | A bactritid | |
Corals
| Corals reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Enterolasma[6] | E. sp. | Cerro del Fuerte section | Fragments & complete specimens | A horn coral | |
| Favosites[6] | F.? sp. | Cerro del Fuerte section | 1 colony | A tabulate coral | |
| Parastriatopora[6][11] | P. cf. gigantea | Tambolar section | 6 small branch fragments | A tabulate coral | |
| P. sanjuanina | Los Algarrobos section | A tabulate coral | |||
| P. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | A tabulate coral | |||
Echinoderms
| Echinoderms reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Argentinaster[12] | A. bodenbenderi | Jachal | Several specimens | An ophiurinid brittle star | |
| Crinoidea indet.[6] | Indeterminate | Los Algarrobos section | A crinoid | ||
| Furcaster[12] | F. separatus | Jachal | Multiple specimens | A protasterid brittle star | |
| Marginix[12] | M. yachalensis | Jachal | Several specimens | An encrinasterid brittle star | |
| Promopalaeaster[12] | P.? quadriserialis | Jachal | Several specimens | A valvatid starfish | |
Hyoliths
| Hyoliths reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Hyolithida indet.[6] | Indeterminate | Los Algarrobos section | A hyolithid | ||
Ostracods
| Ostracods reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Aechmina[13] | A. sp. | Talacasto Creek | 6 specimens | A member of Podocopa | |
| Amphizona[13] | A.? argentinensis |
|
23 specimens | A member of Podocopa | |
| Bollia[13] | B. talacastensis |
|
20 specimens | A member of Podocopa | |
| Keslingiella[13] | K. teresae |
|
Several specimens | A member of Podocopida | |
| Lapazites[13] | L. aff. L. trinodis |
|
12 specimens | A member of Podocopa | |
| Petrisigmoopsis[13] | P.? rotundum |
|
Several specimens | A member of Podocopa | |
| Pircawayra[13][14] | P. antiqua |
|
5 specimens | A member of Palaeocopida | |
| P. peregrina | Loma de los Piojos | Several specimens | A member of Palaeocopida | ||
| Suinella[13] | S. huarpesi |
|
Several specimens | A member of Podocopa | |
| Thlipsurella[13] | T. aff. T. putea |
|
33 specimens | A member of Podocopida | |
| Ulrichia[13] | U. sp. |
|
7 specimens | A member of Podocopa | |
Sponges
| Sponges reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Talacastospongia[15] | T. minima |
|
13 specimens | A glass sponge | |
Trilobites
| Trilobites reported from the Talacasto Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Presence | Material | Notes | Images |
| Aguaditaspis[16] | A. mediaspina |
|
Several specimens | A dalmanitid | |
| Bainella[17] | B. cooperi | Cerro La Chilca | 6 specimens | A calmoniid | |
| B. sanjuanina | Cerro La Chilca | 8 specimens | A calmoniid | ||
| Calmonia[17] | C. nov. sp. A | Loma de los Piojos | An internal mould (CORD PZ 8613) | A calmoniid | |
| Dalmanitoides[18] | D. boehmi | Loma de los Piojos | Several specimens | A dalmanitid | |
| D. drevermanni |
|
Several specimens | A dalmanitid | ||
| Dalmanitidae indet.[6][16] | Gen. et. sp. nov. | Quebrada de las Aguaditas | One specimen (CEGH-UNC 27422) | An unnamed dalmanitid | |
| Indeterminate | Los Algarrobos section | A dalmanitid | |||
| Dalmanitinae gen. et. sp. indet.[2] | Indeterminate | Sierra de las Minitas | Fragmentary pygidium (PULR-132 A-B) | A dalmanitid | |
| Deltacephalaspis[17] | D. sp. | Cerro La Chilca | 2 specimens | A calmoniid | |
| Echidnops[2][19] | E. taphomimus |
|
12 specimens | A phacopid, originally reported as an unnamed species of Paciphacops | |
| Ivanites[16] | I. leonorae |
|
Several specimens | A dalmanitid | |
| Maurotarion[6][20][21] | M. (Malvinotarion) gaucho | Loma de los Piojos | 10 specimens | An aulacopleurid | |
| M. (Malvinotarion) haudei | Loma de los Piojos | 2 specimens | An aulacopleurid | ||
| M. (Malvinotarion) talacastoense | La Cantera point | 5 specimens | An aulacopleurid | ||
| M. (Malvinotarion) sp. | Portezuelo del Tambolar | One specimen (CEGH-UNC 7.086) | An aulacopleurid | ||
| M. (Malvinotarion) sp. B | Cerro La Chilca | One specimen | An aulacopleurid | ||
| M. megacephalum | Loma de los Piojos | 23 specimens | An aulacopleurid | ||
| M. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | An aulacopleurid | |||
| Paciphacops[2][6] | P. (Paciphacops) sp. | Sierra de las Minitas | Several specimens | Now known as Echidnops taphomimus[19] | |
| P. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | A phacopid | |||
| P.? sp. | Sierra de las Minitas | One specimen (PULR-127 A-B) | A phacopid | ||
| Parabouleia[6][22] | P. eldredgei | Quebrada de Talacasto | 9 specimens | A calmoniid | |
| P. sp. | Los Algarrobos section | A calmoniid | |||
| Talacastops[2][22] | T. zarelae |
|
Multiple specimens | A calmoniid | |
| Tarijactinoides[17] | T. jarcasensis |
|
13 specimens | A calmoniid | |
| Tormesiscus[2] | T. cf. hildae | Sierra de las Minitas | Partial specimen (PULR-130) | A calmoniid | |
| Unguliproetus[2] | U.? sp. | Sierra de las Minitas | Two associated fragments | A proetid | |
References
- 1 2 3 4 Cichowolski, Marcela; Rustán, Juan J. (April 2017). "First report of Devonian bactritids (Cephalopoda) from South America: paleobiogeographic and biostratigraphic implications". Journal of Paleontology. 91 (3): 417–433. Bibcode:2017JPal...91..417C. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.17. hdl:11336/183599. ISSN 0022-3360.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Rustán, Juan J.; Vaccari, N. Emilio; Astini, Ricardo A. (June 2011). "Early Devonian Trilobites from the Sierra De Las Minitas, Northernmost Precordillera (La Rioja Province), Argentina". Ameghiniana. 48 (2): 226–241. doi:10.5710/AMGH.v48i1(335). hdl:11336/53580. ISSN 0002-7014.
- ↑ García Muro, Victoria J.; Rubinstein, Claudia V.; Rustán, Juan J.; Steemans, Philippe (2018-10-01). "Palynomorphs from the Devonian Talacasto and Punta Negra Formations, Argentinean Precordillera: New biostratigraphic approach". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 86: 110–126. Bibcode:2018JSAES..86..110G. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2018.06.009. hdl:11336/87283. ISSN 0895-9811.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sanchez, Teresa M.; Waisfeld, Beatriz G.; Toro, Blanca A. (1995). "Silurian and Devonian Molluscan Bivalves from Precordillera Region, Western Argentina". Journal of Paleontology. 69 (5): 869–886. Bibcode:1995JPal...69..869S. doi:10.1017/S002233600003554X. ISSN 0022-3360. JSTOR 1306352.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Herrera, Zarela A. (1995). "The Lower Devonian chonetoidean brachiopods from the Argentine Precordillera". Travaux et Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon. 136 (1): 101–147.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Carrera, Marcelo G.; Montoya, Ezequiel; Rustán, Juan J.; Halpern, Karen (2013). "Silurian-Devonian coral associations across a sequence stratigraphic boundary in the Argentine Precordillera". Geological Journal. 48 (2–3): 256–269. Bibcode:2013GeolJ..48..256C. doi:10.1002/gj.1332. hdl:11336/24993. ISSN 1099-1034.
- ↑ Herrera, Zarela Angélica (1995-01-01). "The first notanopliid brachiopod from the South American Devonian sequence". Geobios. 28 (3): 337–342. Bibcode:1995Geobi..28..337H. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(95)80008-5. ISSN 0016-6995.
- 1 2 Levy, Regina; Nullo, Francisco E. (1972). "Chonetidae Devónicos de Argentina. 1. Chonostrophia". Ameghiniana. 9 (2): 138–144.
- 1 2 Racheboeuf, Patrick R.; Herrera, Zarela (1994-09-01). "On some new Malvinokaffric Silurian and Devonian chonetacean brachiopods, and reclassification of others". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte. 1994 (9): 541–560. doi:10.1127/njgpm/1994/1994/541. ISSN 0028-3630.
- 1 2 Herrera, Zarela Angelica; Salas, María José; Giolitti, Javier A. (January 1998). "Chilidiopsoidea (Brachiopoda) del Devónico Inferior de la Precordillera Argentina". Spanish Journal of Palaeontology (in Spanish). 13 (2): 149–166. doi:10.7203/sjp.24049. ISSN 2660-9568.
- ↑ García-López, Susana; Fernández Martínez, Esperanza (1995-01-01). "The genus Parastriatopora Sokolov, 1949 (Tabulata) in the Lower Devonian of Argentina: Palaeobiogeographic implications". Geobios. 28 (2): 175–183. Bibcode:1995Geobi..28..175G. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(95)80223-1. ISSN 0016-6995.
- 1 2 3 4 Martínez, Sergio; Río, Claudia del (2015). "Fossil Asterozoa (Echinodermata) of Argentina". Revista de Biología Tropical. 63 (2): 1–6. doi:10.15517/rbt.v63i2.23123 (inactive 12 July 2025).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Salas, María José (October 2016). "New Insights on Earliest Devonian (Lochkovian) Ostracods from the Argentine Precordillera". Ameghiniana. 53 (5): 565–585. doi:10.5710/AMGH.04.07.2016.2967. ISSN 0002-7014.
- ↑ Salas, María J.; Rustán, Juan J.; Sterren, Andrea F. (2013-08-01). "Lower and Middle Devonian Malvinokaffric ostracods from the Precordillera Basin of San Juan, Argentina". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 45: 56–68. Bibcode:2013JSAES..45...56S. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2013.02.002. hdl:11336/24991. ISSN 0895-9811.
- ↑ Carrera, Marcelo G.; Rustán, Juan José (November 2015). "The new genus Talacastospongia: insights on the first record of a Devonian sponge from South America". Journal of Paleontology. 89 (6): 912–919. Bibcode:2015JPal...89..912C. doi:10.1017/jpa.2016.9. hdl:11336/43851. ISSN 0022-3360.
- 1 2 3 Randolfe, Enrique A.; RustáN, Juan José; Bignon, Arnaud (2022-01-12). "New dalmanitid trilobite taxa from the Lower Devonian of Argentina: comments on spinosity in endemic taxa from southern high paleolatitudes". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 21 (2): 17–38. doi:10.5852/cr-palevol2022v21a2. ISSN 1777-571X.
- 1 2 3 4 Vaccari, Norberto E.; Waisfeld, Beatriz G.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (1994-01-01). "Calmoniid Trilobites of the Lower Devonian Scaphiocoelia zone in the Argentine Precordillera". Geobios. 27 (5): 591–608. Bibcode:1994Geobi..27..591V. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(94)80257-2. ISSN 0016-6995.
- ↑ Rustán, Juan José; Vaccari, N. Emilio (February 2012). "A revision of the Devonian Malvinokaffric dalmanitid trilobite Dalmanitoides Delo, 1935, on the basis of new data from Argentina". Palaeontologia Electronica. 15 (1): 1–21. doi:10.26879/276.
- 1 2 Rustán, Juan José; Balseiro, Diego (November 2016). "The phacopid trilobite Echidnops taphomimus n. sp. from the Lower Devonian of Argentina: insights into infaunal molting, eye architecture and geographic distribution". Journal of Paleontology. 90 (6): 1100–1111. Bibcode:2016JPal...90.1100R. doi:10.1017/jpa.2016.108. hdl:11336/44268. ISSN 0022-3360.
- ↑ Rustán, Juan J.; Vaccari, N. Emilio (2010). "The Aulacopleurid Trilobite Maurotarion Alberti, 1969, in the Silurian-Devonian of Argentina: Systematic, Phylogenetic and Paleobiogeographic Significance". Journal of Paleontology. 84 (6): 1082–1098. Bibcode:2010JPal...84.1082R. doi:10.1666/09-166.1. ISSN 0022-3360. JSTOR 40925985. S2CID 129791708.
- ↑ Rustán, J.; Vaccari, N. (2012-08-01). "The trilobite Maurotarion megacephalum sp. nov. (Aulacopleuridae) in the Lower Devonian of Argentina: phylogenetic and paleobiogeographic remarks". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 29: 346–354. S2CID 55274075.
- 1 2 Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Vaccari, Norberto E.; Waisfeld, Beatriz G. (July 1994). "Lower Devonian calmoniid trilobites from the Argentine Precordillera: new taxa of the Bouleia Group, and remarks on the tempo of calmoniid radiation". Geological Magazine. 131 (4): 449–464. Bibcode:1994GeoM..131..449E. doi:10.1017/S0016756800012097. ISSN 1469-5081.