Taurus 09
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Taurus 09 was a Royal Navy deployment in 2009. It was the largest for more than ten years, involving a maximum strength of 3,300 Royal Navy personnel working from seven Royal Navy vessels and four Royal Fleet Auxiliary vessels. One ship each from the US and French navies also accompanied the deployment.
The task group departed Britain in February and called at Cyprus where elements took part in Operation Cyprus Wader, practising beach landings. In April the task group participated in Exercise Egemen, a NATO amphibious training operation in Turkey, alongside Turkish, Dutch and Belgian personnel. A reduced task group proceeded East of Suez, where underwater warfare exercises were carried out in the Arabian Sea. Elements took part in exercises in Bangladesh, marking the first time the Royal Navy had trained with that nation's navy for ten years. Royal Marines from the task group then took part in jungle warfare training in Brunei. The deployment ended in August when the last British vessels returned to Devonport.

Taurus 09 was the largest Royal Navy deployment for more than ten years.[1] It centred on the Amphibious Task Group and was intended as a demonstration of the significant expansion of amphibious warfare capability in the navy since the end of the Cold War.[2] It was also intended to refresh the traditional sea-fighting capability of the Royal Marines at a time when many were deployed on land operations in Iraq and Afghanistan.[3] Another goal was to develop the Royal Navy's capability of working alongside NATO allies and forces from other nations and to demonstrate the UK's commitment to security in the Mediterranean region.[4]
The deployment included the Royal Navy vessels Bulwark (assault ship), Ocean (landing platform helicopter), Argyll and Somerset (frigates), Echo (survey ship) and Trafalgar and Talent (fleet submarines). It also included the Royal Fleet Auxiliary vessels Mounts Bay and Lyme Bay (landing ships dock), Wave Ruler (tanker) and Fort Austin (stores ship). The US Navy's destroyer Mitscher and the French Navy's frigate Dupleix also participated. Personnel deployed included 40 Commando and 539 Raiding Squadron of the Royal Marines and the Fleet Diving Unit. Aerial assets came from 857 Naval Air Squadron (Sea King helicopters fitted for airborne surveillance and control), 820 Naval Air Squadron (AgustaWestland AW101 Merlin helicopters), the Commando Helicopter Force and No. 18 Squadron RAF (Chinook helicopters).[5][6][7] Before the deployment some units took part in amphibious warfare training in Cornwall as part of Exercise South-West Sword.[7] The Commander Amphibious Task Group at the start of the deployment was Commodore Peter Hudson.[8]
Mediterranean portion

Ocean deployed for Taurus 09 on 18 February, leaving her role as the high-readiness helicopter carrier in British waters. She carried 40 Commando and the naval elements of the helicopter force.[6] From 27 February 2009 elements of the deployment, including Bulwark, Argyll, Somerset and Dupleix visited Malta.[8] In March Bulwark and Ocean, with 40 Commando, participated in Operation Cyprus Wader, practising beach landings in Cyprus.[9]
In April the ships of Taurus 09 took part in Exercise Egemen, a NATO amphibious training operation in Turkey.[6] Egemen included operations alongside US troops as well as Dutch and Belgian troops operating from the Dutch landing platform docks Johan de Witt and Rotterdam. Turkish personnel operated on reconnaissance tasks from HMS Argyll. The Royal Marines were deployed ashore from Ocean, Mounts Bay and Lyme Bay and operated for five days of simulated assaults and resupply operations alongside their Dutch and Belgian allies. The exercise was commanded from Bulwark.[10] The exercise included deployment of Offshore Raiding Craft by 539 Assault Squadron, including two of the then new gunboat variants.[11] The 847 Naval Air Squadron and the Fleet Diving Unit also participated in the exercise, which involved 2,500 Royal Navy personnel.[12]

