Teckberg protrudes approximately 3 km (1.9 mi) northward from the edge of the Swabian Jura, towering over the Albvorland by 350 m (1,150 ft) and overlooking the Lauter (Neckar) valley by 400 m (1,300 ft). Flanked by the mid-high 602 metres (1,975 ft) foothills Hörnle and Hohenbol to the north and northwest, both of which encompass chimneys of the Swabian volcano, it serves as a notable landmark. To the north beneath the Hörnle lies the glider area Teck, situated between Dettingen unter Teck and Bissingen an der Teck.
The mountain's slope is characterized by the Yellow Rock, a bright limestone sponge reef from the Jura Sea. Positioned under the "Gelber Fels" are the 602 m long (1,975 ft) and 45-metre high (148 ft) Veronikahöhle and Verena-Beutlins-Loch, interconnected by columns. Eastward of the Gelber Fels, three grave mounds from the Hallstatt period (800-400 BC) signify early human settlement of Teckberg. Under the castle Teck is the 35 m long (115 ft) and 9 m high (30 ft) high-fabled Sibyllenloch, on the other side the 22 m long (72 ft) Sibyllenhöhle. The Sibyllenhöhle was discovered inadvertently during construction work in 1937 and was further explored in 1977, revealing its geological and perhaps historical significance. During excavations in the Sibyllenloch in 1898/99, over 2,000 skeletal remains of various species such as cave bear, cave lion, cave hyena, and wild horse were found, enabling researchers to derive critical insights into the glacial fauna that once inhabited the region.
