The Karlskrona Manifesto
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Ruzanna Chitchyan
Leticia Duboc
Steve Easterbrook
Martin Mahaux
Birgit Penzenstadler
Guillermo Rodríguez-Navas
Camille Salinesi
Norbert Seyff
Colin C. Venters
| Founded | August 2014 |
|---|---|
Key people | Christoph Becker Ruzanna Chitchyan Leticia Duboc Steve Easterbrook Martin Mahaux Birgit Penzenstadler Guillermo Rodríguez-Navas Camille Salinesi Norbert Seyff Colin C. Venters |
The Karlskrona Manifesto[1] for sustainability design in software was created as an output of the Third International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Sustainable Systems (RE4SuSy) held in Karlskrona, Sweden, co-located with the 22nd IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE'14). The manifesto arose from a suggestion in the paper by Christoph Becker, "Sustainability and Longevity: Two Sides of the Same Quality?" that sustainability is a common ground for several disciplines related to software, but that this commonality had not been mapped out and made explicit and that a focal point of reference would be beneficial.
The Karlskrona Manifesto can be split into nine principles:
- Sustainability is never isolated and can also be looked at globally.
- Sustainability has multiple dimensions, so it is necessary to define which dimension is being looked at during analysis.
- Sustainability is multidisciplinary and requires multiple perspectives.
- When looking at sustainability, this should be done independently of the focus of the system.
- Sustainability can be assessed by the system itself and how the system fits into the larger system.
- System status at different levels of usage is important for responsible decisions to be made with sustainable design.
- Identify the most effective way to be sustainable over alternative options at different levels to ensure the most sustainable choice is being made.
- The current generation shouldn't be compromised, however meeting the needs of the future generations is necessary when evaluating the most sustainable choice.
- Assessing software over a long term and consider decisions with this in mind.
These principles were later made into a catalogue to support software sustainable design.[2]
Since publication, the authors of The Karlskrona Manifesto adapted its principles into The Sustainability Awareness Framework (SusAF), a tool for sustainable design of software products and designs. The tool supports identification of the potential effects of software and IT systems on sustainability in five dimensions: economic, environmental, individual, social, and technical. As of 2022, they have advocated for its use to meet the Sustainable Development Goals.[3]
