Thulium(III) oxide
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thulium(III) oxide is a pale green crystalline compound, with the formula Tm2O3. It was first isolated in 1879, from an impure sample of erbia, by Swedish chemist Per Teodor Cleve, who named it thulia.
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Thulium(III) oxide | |
| Other names
Thulium oxide, thulium sesquioxide | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
|
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.670 |
| EC Number |
|
PubChem CID |
|
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| Tm2O3 | |
| Molar mass | 385.866 g/mol |
| Appearance | greenish-white cubic crystals |
| Density | 8.6 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 2,341 °C (4,246 °F; 2,614 K) |
| Boiling point | 3,945 °C (7,133 °F; 4,218 K) |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in acids |
| +51,444·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Structure | |
| Cubic, cI80[1] | |
| Ia-3, No. 206[1] | |
Formula units (Z) |
16[1] |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
2.515 °Cp[2] (25 °C) |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
 | |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Thulium(III) chloride |
Other cations |
Erbium(III) oxide Ytterbium(III) oxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Synthesis
Thulium(III) oxide has been made in the laboratory using various methods. One method involves burning thulium metal or its various salts in air.[3][2]
Thulium(III) oxide can be made using a hydrothermal method where thulium(III) acetate is mixed with an ammonia solution, which causes thulium(III) oxide to precipitate as a white solid.[1]
Properties
Thulium(III) oxide is a pale green, thermally stable powder with a high melting point of 2341 °C and a density of 8.6 g/cm3, typically forming a cubic crystal structure.[4] It is resistant to oxidation and dissolves in strong acids like hydrochloric acid, allowing it to form soluble thulium salts.[5] Due to its unique f-electron configuration, Tm2O3 has notable optical properties.[6] Thulium oxide is considered fibrogenic; it has the potential to induce tissue injury and fibrosis when inhaled or otherwise introduced to biological tissue.[7]