Timeline of Beirut
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
33°53′13″N 35°30′47″E The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Beirut, Lebanon.
Prior to 20th century
- 140 BC – City destroyed by Diodotus Tryphon.[1]
- 64 BC – Beirut conquered by Agrippa.
- 14 BC – During the reign of Herod the Great, Berytus became a colonia.
- 551 CE – Earthquake.[1]
- 635 – Beirut passes into Arab control.[1]
- 759 – Prince Arslan bin al-Mundhir founds the Principality of Sin-el-Fil in Beirut.
- 1110 – Baldwin overtakes city, is absorbed into the Kingdom of Jerusalem.[1]
- 1187 – Saladin re-takes city.[1]
- early 17th.C. – Fakhr al-Din II fortifies the town.[1]
- 1763 – Ottomans reclaim the city.[1]
- 1772 – Russian occupations of Beirut.
- 1832 – Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt in power.[2]
- 1840
- October: Battle of Beirut.[2]
- Settlement of the hills surrounding the walled city begins, notably Moussaitbeh and Achrafieh
- 1853 – Grand Serail built.
- 1858 – Hadiqat al-Akhbar newspaper begins publication.
- 1860
- Druze–Maronite conflict.
- Sursock House built.
- 1866 – Syrian Protestant College established.
- 1868 – Archaeological Museum of the American University of Beirut established.
- 1875
- Saint Joseph University founded.
- Thamarāt al Funūn newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1877 – Lisan al-Hal newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1883 – Hôtel-Dieu de France founded.
- 1888 – Beirut was made capital of a vilayet (governorate) in Syria,[37] including the sanjaks (prefectures) Latakia, Tripoli, Beirut, Acre and Bekaa.
- 1894
- Saint George Maronite Cathedral constructed.[1]
- Harbour, constructed by a French company.[1]
- 1895 – Railway completed "across the Lebanon to Damascus."[1]
- 1898 – Population: 120,000 (approximate).[4][1]
20th century
1900s–1960s
- 1999 al-Iqbāl newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1907
- Railway to Aleppo completed.[1]
- René Moawad Garden established.
- Baidaphon (record label) in business (approximate date).[5]
- 1916 – Place des Canons renamed Martyrs' Square.
- 1920 – Beirut Stock Exchange founded.
- 1920 – 1 September: Lebanon Republic (Greater Lebanon) proclaimed a state.
- 1921 – Beirut Traders Association founded.[6]
- 1924 – Al Joumhouria newspaper begins publication
- 1925
- National Conservatory of Music established.[5]
- Maghen Abraham Synagogue built.
- 1927 – American Junior College for Women opens in Ras Beirut.
- 1933
- Parliament of Lebanon building erected.
- An-Nahar newspaper begins publication.[3]
- L'Orient newspaper begins publication.
- 1934 – Population: 162,000 (approximate).[7]
- 1936 – Kamel Abbas Hamieh takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1937
- Académie libanaise des beaux-arts founded.
- Ararad newspaper begins publication.
- Zartonk newspaper begins publication.
- 1938 – Al Akhbar newspaper begins publication.
- 1941 – Eastern Times newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1942 – National Museum of Beirut opens.
View of Beirut in 1950 - 1943 – Beirut becomes capital city of independent Lebanon.
- 1946
- Nicolas Rizk takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- Al-Hayat newspaper begins publication.
- 1950 – Population: 181,271.[8]
Beirut in 1950 - 1951 – Lebanese University and Lycée Franco-Libanais Verdun founded.
- 1952
- George Assi takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- The Daily Star newspaper begins publication.
- 1954 – Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport opens.
- 1956 – Bachour Haddad takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1957 – Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium opens.
- 1958 – Population: 400,000 (estimate).[9]
- 1959
- Télé Liban (television) begins broadcasting.[10]
- Philip Boulos takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- Al Anwar newspaper begins publication.
- 1960
- Beirut Arab University established.
- Emile Yanni takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1961
- Orient-Institut Beirut established.
- Sursock Museum and Phoenicia Beirut Hotel open.
- 1963 – Gallery One (cultural space) opens.[11]
- 1964 – Saint Nicolas Garden opens.
- 1966 – Al Ahed football team established, headquartered in Beirut.
- 1967 – Chafik Abou Haydar takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1968 – "Israel raids Beirut airport."[12]
1970s–1990s
- 1970
- L'Orient Le Jour newspaper begins publication.
- Population: 474,870 city; 938,940 urban agglomeration.[13]
- Sassine Square construction ends
- 1972 – Manoukian Center established.[11]
- 1973 – Holiday Inn in business.[14]
- 1974 – As-Safir newspaper begins publication.
- 1975
- April: Lebanese Civil War begins.[12]
- Green Line established between mainly Muslim factions in West Beirut and the Christian Lebanese Front in East Beirut.
- Centre for Arab Unity Studies founded.[15]
- 1976 – al-Murābiṭ newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1977 – Mitri El Nammar takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1978 – Syrian siege of Achrafiyeh, the main Christian district of Beirut.
- 1982
- Israeli invasion.
- 14 September: Bachir Gemayel assassinated.
- 1983 – French and US barracks bombed.
- 1986 – Centre de Documentation et de Recherches Arabes Chretiennes founded.[16]
- 1987 – George Smaha takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1988 – Ad-Diyar newspaper begins publication.
- 1989 – Lebanese Center for Policy Studies headquartered in city.[15]
- 1990 – Center for Strategic Studies Research and Documentation[17]
- 1991 – Al Manar TV begins broadcasting.
- 1992 – Nayef Al Maaloof takes office as Governor of Beirut
- 1993
- B 018 nightclub opens.
- Future Television begins broadcasting.
- 1994 – Solidere (redevelopment company) founded.[18]
- 1995 – Nicolas Saba takes office as Governor of Beirut
- 1997
- Arab Image Foundation established.[19]
- Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium rebuilt.
- 1999
- Yaacoub Sarraf takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- Planet Discovery children's museum inaugurated.
- Lebanese National Symphony Orchestra and Al-Kafaàt University founded.
- 2000 – Museum of Lebanese Prehistory established.
21st century
2000s
- 2001 – Beirut International Exhibition & Leisure Center opens.
- 2003
- Beirut Marathon begins.
- Music Hall opens.
- Al-Balad newspaper begins publication.
- 2004
- 2005
- Cedar Revolution
- Nassif Kaloosh takes office as Governor of Beirut
- Ya Libnan news website launched.
- 2006
- Political protests
- Robert Mouawad Private Museum opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.[24]
- 2007 – Mohammad Al-Amin Mosque built.
- 2008 – Platinum Tower built.
- 2009
- 2009 Jeux de la Francophonie held in Beirut.
- Beirut Art Center opens.[19]
- Beirut Souks and Le Gray hotel in business.[20]
- City named World Book Capital by UNESCO.
2010s
- 2010
- Bilal Hamad becomes mayor.
- Four Seasons Hotel Beirut opens.[25]
- 2011
- Political protests
- Zaitunay Bay pedestrian area opens.[26]
- 2012
- Violent unrest related to Syrian uprising.
- Al-Mayadeen television begins broadcasting.[27]
- 19 October: Bombing in Achrafieh.
- 16 November: Überhaus nightclub opens.
- 2013
- 9 July: Bombing in Bir el-Abed.
- 15 August: Bombing.
- 19 November: Iranian embassy bombings.
- 27 December: Bombing.
- 2015
2020s
- 2020
- 4 August: Explosion in port
- 2021
- 14 October: Clashes
