Timeline of Cairo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Prior to 19th century
_(14781391641).jpg)
- 1st C. BCE – Babylon Fortress built (approximate date).
- 33 CE – Origins of the Coptic Orthodox Church.[1]
- 4th–5th C. CE – Saints Sergius and Bacchus Church (Abu Serga) built.
- 6th C. – Church of Saint Menas established.
- 642 – Mosque of Amr ibn al-As built.
- 873 – Ahmad ibn Tulun founds El-Katai.[1]
- 879
- Mosque of Ibn Tulun built.[1]
- Church of St. George built (approximate date).
- Church of the Virgin Mary (Haret Zuweila) built (approximate date).
- 970
- Misr al-Qahira settlement founded by Fatimid Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah.[2][1]
- Al-Azhar University established.
- 972 – Al-Azhar Mosque established.
- 978 –The Hanging Church rebuilt (approximate date).
- 979 – Saint Mercurius Church in Coptic Cairo rebuilt (approximate date).
- 992 – Al-Hakim Mosque built.
- 11th C. – Church of the Holy Virgin (Babylon El-Darag) built.
- 1016 – Lulua Mosque built.
- 1073 – Saint Barbara Church in Coptic Cairo restored.
- 1085 – Juyushi Mosque built.
- 1092 – City wall and Gates of Cairo built (including Bab Zuweila and Bab al-Nasr).
- 1125 – Aqmar Mosque built.
- 1154 – Al-Hussein Mosque built.
- 1160 – Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque built.
- 1168 – Egypt's capital moved from Fustat to Cairo.
- 1176 – Cairo was unsuccessfully attacked in the Crusades.[1]
- 1183 – Saladin Citadel built.
- ca.1205 – Harat el-Yahoud Synagogue rebuilt and Maimonides works there; it is rebuilt in the 19th century as the Maimonides Synagogue[3]
- 1250 – City becomes capital of Mamluk Sultanate.
- 1280 – Qalawun complex built (approximate date).
- 1318 – Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque built.
- 1340 – Mosque of Amir al-Maridani established.
- 1347 – Aqsunqur Mosque built.
- 1349 – Mosque of Shaykhu built.
- 1352 – Amir Taz Palace built.
- 1355 – Khanqah of Shaykhu built.
- 1359 – Mosque-Madrassa of Sultan Hassan built.
- 1421 – Mosque of Sultan al-Muayyad built.
- 1517
- January: Battle of Ridaniya occurs near Cairo.[4]
- Capture of Cairo by Ottoman forces.[1]
- City becomes provincial capital during Selim I's rule of Ottoman Empire.
- 1774 – Mosque of Abu Dahab built.
- 1788 – Al Musafir Khana Palace built.
- 1798 – Napoleon arrives.[1]
- 1800 – Population: 200,000 (approximate figure).[1]
19th century
.jpg)
- 1801 – June: Siege of Cairo – French surrender to British and Ottoman forces.[1]
- 1811 – March: Massacre of the Citadel.[4][1]
- 1822 – Arabic printing press in operation.[5]
- 1827 – Kasr Al-Ainy Medical School established.
- 1828
- Government al-Waqa'i' al-Masriyya newspaper begins publication.
- Dar al-Mahfuzat (government archive) established.[6]
- 1848 – Mosque of Muhammad Ali built.
- 1854 – Khorenian School begins.
- 1856 – Railway station built.
- 1863 – Museum of Egyptian antiquities founded at Bulak.[1]
- 1860 – Shepheard's Hotel in operation.
- 1869 – Khedivial Opera House opens.
- 1870 – Egyptian National Library and Archives established.
- 1871– 24 December: Premiere of Verdi's Aida.
- 1874 – Abdeen Palace built.
- 1875 – Al-Ahram newspaper begins publication.[7]
- 1877 – Traffic in slaves ceased.[1]
- 1879 – Collège de la Sainte Famille founded
- 1880 – Comité de Conservation des Monuments de l'Art Arabe established.[5]
- 1882
- British occupation.[1]
- Khedivial Sporting Club founded.
- Population: 347,838.[8][1]
- 1888 – Collège des Frères (Bab al-Louq) opens.
- 1892 – Ben Ezra Synagogue built.[3]
- 1893 – Le Progrès Egyptien newspaper begins publication.
- 1897
- 1899
- Sha'ar Hashamayim Synagogue built
- Al-Ahram newspaper headquartered in Cairo.
- 1900 – Ets Hayim Synagogue (Hanan Synagogue) established[3]
Cairo – panorama from the Citadel 1895
Cairo Mosque 1895
Cairo, soldiers and crowd in front of building, 1895
Cairo – panorama from the Citadel, 1895
Cairo, the Citadel, 1895
20th century
1900s–1940s
- 1902 – Museum of Egyptian antiquities moved again.[1]
- 1905 – Chaar Hachamaim Synagogue established[3]
- 1906 – Pathé cinema built.[9]
- 1907
- Al Ahly Sporting Club formed.
- Population: 654,476.[1]
- 1908
- Cairo University and Café Riche opened.
- Egyptian School of Fine Arts[10] and American College for Girls founded.
- 1910
- Coptic Museum built.
- Heliopolis Palace Hotel opened.
- Heliopolis Sporting Club founded.
- 1905 – Shimon Bar Yochai Synagogue established[3]
- 1911
- Zamalek Sporting Club formed.
- Baron Empain Palace built.
- 1912
- Boulak Bridge and Al-Rifa'i Mosque built.
- 1915
- 1919
- Uprising against British occupation.
- American University in Cairo established.
- 1921 – Cairo Conference held.[5]
- 1922
- Tutankhamun's tomb discovered.
- 1924
- 19 November: British governor-general Stack of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan assassinated.[4]
- "Cairo Edition" of Quran Published
- 1925 – Pahad Itzhak (Kreim) Synagogue established[3]
- 1929 – Manial Palace built.
- 1932
- Society Of The Muslim Brothers headquartered in Cairo.
- Moussa Dar'i Synagogue established[3]
- 1933 – Qasr al-Nil Bridge built.
- 1934 – St. George's College, Cairo established.
- 1934 – Meir'enaim (Biton) Synagogue established[3]
- 1937
- Yacoubian Building constructed.
- Lycée La Liberté Héliopolis opens
- 1938 – Publication of The Egyptian Gazette moves from Alexandria to Cairo.
- 1940 – Metro Cinema opens.[11]
- 1942 – Abdeen Palace Incident.
- 1944 – Cairo Forces Parliament meeting.
- The Arab Women's Congress of 1944 is hosted by the Egyptian Feminist Union in Cairo and the Pan-Arabian Arab Feminist Union is founded.
- 1945
- Arab League headquartered in Cairo.[5]
- Ashkènazim Synagogue restored[3]
- 1946 – Ali Baba Cinema opens.[11]
- 1947 – Population: 2,090,654.[12]
- 1948
- 1949 – 12 February: Muslim leader Hassan al-Banna assassinated.
1950s–1990s
- 1950 – Ain Shams University founded.
- 1952
- Cairo Fire.
- The Mogamma built.
- Ismailia Square renamed Tahrir Square.
- Egyptian Revolution of 1952
- Al Akhbar starts publication.
- 1954 – Al Gomhuria newspaper begins publication.
- 1956
- Cairo International Stadium opens.
- City master plan created.[13]
- 1959
- Cairo Conservatoire opens.
- Academy of Arts (Egypt) and Cairo Symphony Orchestra founded.
- Arab Petroleum Congress meets in Cairo.[14]
- 1961 – Cairo Tower built.
- 1963 – Cairo International Airport opens.[15]
- 1964 – January: 1964 Arab League summit (Cairo) held.[4]
- 1965 – Population: 3.3 million.[16]
- 1966 – Cairo Opera Ballet Company founded.
- 1967 – Bab Moshé (Ibn Maimoun) Synagogue restored.[3]
- 1968 – Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral built.
- 1969 – Cairo International Book Fair founded.
- 1970
- January: Israeli forces conduct aerial attacks near Cairo.[4]
- September: 1970 Arab League summit held.
- Greater Cairo Master Plan created.[13]
- 1972 – January: Student demonstration.[4][17]
- 1974 – Population: 5,715,000.[18]
- 1975
- January: Economic demonstration.[4]
- Unknown Soldier Memorial (Egypt) inaugurated.
- 1976
- 1976 Arab League summit (Cairo).
- Cairo International Film Festival begins.
- British International School in Cairo established.
- Manor House School, Cairo opens.
- 1977 – January: Economic demonstration.[4]
- 1978 – New Cairo British International School formed.
- 1979
- 1981
- 6 October: Assassination of Anwar Sadat.[21]
- Sadat Academy for Management Sciences opens.
- 1982
- Saint Fatima School begins.
- Sister city relationship established with New York City, United States.[20]
- 1984
- Master Plan for Greater Cairo approved.[22]
- Arab Democratic Nasserist Party founded.
- 1985
- Child Museum opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Paris, France.[20]
- 1986 – February: 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot occurs.[4]
- 1987 – Cairo Metro Line 1 begins operating.[23]
- 1988
- Cairo Opera House opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Istanbul, Turkey.[20]
- 1989
- al-Hirafiyeen neighborhood built.[24]
- Sister city relationship established with Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.[20]
- 1990
- The American International School in Egypt opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Beijing, China and Tokyo, Japan.[20]
- 1991 – Al-Ahram Weekly begins publication.
- 1992
- Earthquake.
- Population: 6,800,000 (estimate).[25]
- 1993
- 1995 – Dreamland development begins near city.
- 1996
- 6th October Bridge built.
- Cairo Metro Line 2 (Shoubra AlKheiman- AlMounieb) opened.
- 1997
- Aldiwan Arabic Language Center opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Xi'an, China and Seoul, South Korea.[20]
- 1998 – Sister city relationships established with Houston, United States and Minsk, Belarus.[20]
21st century
2000s
- 2001
- Misr American College established.
- Cairo 52 arrested.
- 2003 – El Sawy culturewheel built.
- 2004
- Al-masry Al-youm newspaper begins publication.
- Canadian International College established.
- Abdul Azim Wazir becomes governor of Cairo (approximate date).[citation needed]
- 2005
- April 2005 Cairo terrorist attacks
- British University in Egypt established.
- Al-Azhar Park built.
- El Fagr newspaper begins publication.
- 2006
- City government website online (approximate date).[27][chronology citation needed]
- Al-Resalah television begins broadcasting.
- 2007
- City hosts 11th Pan Arab Games.
- 57357 Hospital established.
- 2008 – Youm 7 newspaper starts publication.
- 2009
- 2009 Khan el-Khalili bombing
- Cairo Jazz Festival begins.
2010s
- 2010 – Population: 7,248,671.[28]
- 2011
- 25 January: Uprising against Mubarak regime begins.[29]
- April: Abdel Qawi Khalifa becomes governor of Cairo.[citation needed]
- 2012
- Cairo Metro Line 3 (Imbaba / Mohandiseen – Cairo Int'l Airport) opened.
- Heliopolis Palace incident
- Pope Shenouda III, head of Egyptian Coptic church, died.[30]
- Protests against state president Mohamed Morsi.[31]
- 2013
- Anti-Morsi protests.[32]
- February: The first Iranian president, Ahmadinejad, to visit Egypt since 1979.[33]
- April: Violence against Coptic after funeral.[34]
- 3 July: 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
- 8 July: "Egyptian soldiers fire on Morsi supporters protesting outside a military facility in Cairo, killing over 50."[35]
- 14 August: "More than 600 people, mostly Morsi supporters, are killed when police clear two pro-Morsi sit-ins in Cairo."[35]
- Air pollution in greater Cairo reaches annual mean of 76 PM2.5 and 179 PM10, much higher than recommended.[36]
- 2017 – Population: 9,539,673 (urban agglomeration).[37]
2020s
See also
- History of Cairo
- History of Egypt
- Timeline of Egypt
- List of cities by population density
- Timelines of other cities in Egypt: Alexandria, Port Said
