Timeline of Herat
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Herat, Afghanistan.
Prior to 15th century
- 500 BCE - Persian town in Aria established (approximate date).[1]
- 330 BCE - Artacoana captured by Alexander III of Macedon.[1]
- 167 BCE - Town becomes part of the Parthian Empire.
- 127 BCE - Town becomes part of the Kushan Empire
- 642 CE - Siege of Herat; Arabs in power.
- 1042 - City besieged by Seljuq Tughril.[2]
- 1064 - Alp Arslan in power.[2]
- 1102 - Earthquake.[3]
- 1157 - The city was destroyed by an irruption of the Ghuzz, the predecessors of the modern Turkomans.[4]
- 1163 - Bobrinski Bucket produced in Herat.[5]
- 1175 - Ghurids in power.[1]
- 1197 - Conflict between blacksmiths' and coppersmiths' bazaars.[2]
- 1201 - Construction of new Friday Mosque begins.[3]
- 1221 - City sacked by Mongols.[6]
- 1244 - Shams al-Din Kurt in power.[6]
- 1300 - Herat Citadel reinforced.
- 1364 - Earthquake.[3]
- 1380 - City taken by forces of Timur.[6]
15th-19th centuries
- 1405 - Capital of Timurid dynasty relocated to Herat from Samarkand.[5]
- 1410 - "Bazaars reconstructed."[5]
- 1425 - Tomb of Khwaja 'Abd Allah Ansari built at Gazurgah (near city).[7]
- 1438 - Gawhar Shad Mausoleum built.[5]
- 1448 - Siege of Herat (1448).
- 1460s - "Royal Canal" built.[5]
- 1469 - Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqarah in power.[6]
- 1482 - Ikhlasiyya (educational and charitable complex) built outside city (approximate date).[8]
- 1500 - Friday Mosque rebuilt.[3]
- 1507 - Uzbek Muhammad Shaybani in power.[5]
- 1510 - City taken by Safavid Shah Ismail; Shamlu Turkomans in power.[6]
- 1528 - Safavid Shah Tahmasp in power.[6]
- 1716 - Abdali Afghan revolt.[6][9]
- 1729 - Nader Shah in power.[6][9]
- 1732 - Afghan revolt suppressed.[6]
- 1750 - City becomes part of the Durrani Empire.[10]
- 1801 - City becomes independent.
- 1807
- July–August: City is besieged by Iran.
- 1818
- April: City incorporated into the Durrani Empire.[11] Later that year the Durranis are kicked out of most of Afghanistan, Herat becomes their last stronghold.
- 1837
- 23 November: Siege of Herat by Persian forces begins.[6][9][4]
- 1842
- Early 1842: Yar Muhammad Khan Alakozai deposes Kamran Shah and becomes the new ruler.[9]
- 1851
- 1852
- March–May: City is briefly occupied by the Persians.[10]
- 1855
- 1856
- 1857
- September: Persian control of city ends per Treaty of Paris;[6] Sultan Jan installed as ruler of Herat.[9]
- 1862
- 27 July: City is besieged by the Muhammadzais.
- 1863
- 26 May: City taken by forces of Dost Mohammad Khan.[13][4]
- Mohammad Yaqub Khan in power.[9][14]
- 1880 - Abd al-Rahman Khan in power.[6]
- 1885 - Under the orders of the Amir, the Mosalla was destroyed.[4]
20th century
- 1922 / 1301 SH - Solar Hijri calendar officially adopted in Afghanistan.
- 1925 - Herat National Museum established.
- 1947 - Radio Kabul transmissions begin to reach Herat (approximate date).[15]
- 1960s - Kandahar-Herat highway constructed.[6]
- 1973 - Population: 108,750.[16]
- 1979
- 1988 - Population: 177,300 (estimate).[18]
- 1993 - Mines cleared.[17]
21st century
See also
- List of governors of Herat province
- Khorasan
- Timelines of other cities in Afghanistan: Kabul
