Tonghai County
County in Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Tonghai County (Chinese: 通海县; pinyin: Tōnghǎi Xiàn) is located in Yuxi Prefecture-level City, Yunnan Province, China.
Tonghai
通海县 | |
|---|---|
 Location of Tonghai County (red) and Yuxi City (pink) within Yunnan | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Yunnan |
| Prefecture-level city | Yuxi |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,114 km2 (430 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 260,617 |
| • Density | 233.9/km2 (605.9/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (CST) |
| Postal code | 652700 |
| Area code | 0877 |
| Coordinates | 24°05′36″N 102°45′00″E |
| Website | www |
Geography
Tonghai County borders Huaning County to the east, Shiping County and Jianshui County to the south, Eshan County and Hongta District to the west, and Jiangchuan District to the north.
Tonghai County occupies the fertile valley of Qilu Lake, surrounded on all sides by mountains. The county seat is located on the south side of the lake, separated from the lake by a mile-wide strip of farmland.
The county's southernmost part, including the Dagao Dai and Yi Ethnic Township and Lishan Yi Ethnic Township, is separated from the rest of the county by mountains; it is outside of the Qilu Lake basin, and is drained into the Qu River instead.
In 1970, a powerful earthquake struck the area.
History
The area around Qilu Lake has been inhabited since at least the Neolithic period. In the Tang dynasty it was the base of a general. For many centuries it was the political, economic and military center of southern Yunnan.[1]
Soon after the formation of PRC, the area of today's Tonghai County was organized as two counties: Tonghai and Hexi (in the western part of today's Tonghai County). The two counties were merged into Qilu County (杞麓县) on November 22, 1956. On October 22, 1959, Qilu County was renamed Tonghai County.[2]
The county includes a large Muslim (Hui) population. Centers of Hui culture include Dahui and Xiaohui villages in Hexi Township, as well as Nagu Town, with its Najiaying Mosque.
Xingmeng Mongol Ethnic Township, home to the Yunnan Mongols (Khatso), is the only Mongol ethnic township in Yunnan.
Administrative divisions
Transportation
Bus routes:
- Jianshui County (2hr)
- Gejiu (2hr)
- Hekou (13hr)
- Kaiyuan (4hr)
- Kunming (2hr)
Railway:
- Yuxi–Mengzi Railway (a section of the standard gauge Kunming–Hekou Railway). The passenger station, Tonghai Station, is located at Jiulong, a few kilometers west of the county seat.
Climate
| Climate data for Tonghai, elevation 1,802 m (5,912 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 23.7 (74.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
28.3 (82.9) |
30.7 (87.3) |
32.4 (90.3) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.6 (87.1) |
29.3 (84.7) |
29.3 (84.7) |
27.7 (81.9) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.5 (76.1) |
32.4 (90.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.5 (61.7) |
18.9 (66.0) |
22.0 (71.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.7 (78.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.1 (77.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
21.4 (70.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
16.2 (61.2) |
22.0 (71.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.0 (50.0) |
12.2 (54.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
17.8 (64.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
20.3 (68.5) |
19.1 (66.4) |
16.5 (61.7) |
13.1 (55.6) |
10.1 (50.2) |
16.4 (61.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) |
6.5 (43.7) |
9.5 (49.1) |
12.4 (54.3) |
15.5 (59.9) |
17.8 (64.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
16.1 (61.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
5.6 (42.1) |
12.1 (53.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.8 (27.0) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
3.2 (37.8) |
6.7 (44.1) |
11.5 (52.7) |
11.9 (53.4) |
11.2 (52.2) |
7.8 (46.0) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.6 (1.09) |
16.8 (0.66) |
21.4 (0.84) |
39.9 (1.57) |
82.9 (3.26) |
145.7 (5.74) |
183.6 (7.23) |
150.4 (5.92) |
99.7 (3.93) |
74.4 (2.93) |
35.1 (1.38) |
16.5 (0.65) |
894 (35.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.4 | 4.1 | 5.2 | 8.1 | 11.5 | 15.1 | 19.7 | 19.0 | 13.5 | 11.4 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 121.3 |
| Average snowy days | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 62 | 57 | 59 | 67 | 77 | 81 | 82 | 80 | 80 | 77 | 75 | 72 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 222.2 | 225.2 | 255.9 | 259.5 | 224.5 | 152.8 | 121.5 | 135.2 | 130.5 | 141.6 | 191.5 | 197.6 | 2,258 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 66 | 70 | 68 | 68 | 54 | 37 | 29 | 34 | 36 | 40 | 59 | 60 | 52 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5] all-time extreme temperature[6] | |||||||||||||
