Torball
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Torball (German: goal ball) is a team sport for the blind and vision-impaired and was developed in the 1970s in the Central Europe.[1] With some similar structures, it is different to the Paralympic Games team sport of goalball.[2] The sport is recognised by the International Blind Sports Federation.
Torball is played by two teams on opposite sides of an indoor playing field. Each team consists of three players. In the middle part of the field, there are three cords stretched across the entire width. On each end of the playing field is a goal that also stretches the entire width (7 m (23 ft)) of the field. The playing ball is similar to a soccer ball with bells inside so that it can be heard when it is rolling across the playing field.
The object of the game is to score as many goals as possible by rolling the ball under the three cords into the goal of the opposing team. The three-player teams are both attackers and defenders during the two five-minute periods. If the ball touches one of the three cords, a penalty is called, where one player leaves the field and the remaining two players must try to defend their goal for one 'throw' by the opposing team.
Events
Competitions are held at various levels, from the world championships, world cups, European cups, and other tournaments.[3]
World Torball Championship
- 1990 – Saint Etienne, France
- 2001 – Switzerland – World and European Championship
- 2004 – Argentina
- 2007 – Innsbruck, Austria (first: German men, Italian women)[3]
- 2015 – Magglingen, Switzerland (first: Swiss men, German women)[3]
European Torball Championship
- 1983 – Paris, France
- 1985 – Rome, Italy
- 1989 – Switzerland
- 1991 – Italy
- 1993 – Switzerland
- 1995 – Belgium
- 1999 – France
- 2001 – Switzerland – World and European Championship
European Junior Torball Championship
- 1995 – Switzerland
- 1996 – France
- 1997 – Belgium
European and World Torball Cup
- 1986 – Germany
- 1987 – Italy
- 1988 – Austria
- 1991 – Switzerland
- 1992 – Belgium
- 1993 – Germany
- 1994 – Italy
- 1995 – Italy
- 1996 – Germany
- 1997 – Belgium
- 1998 – Switzerland – World and European Cup
- 1999 – Austria
- 2000 – Germany – World and European Cup
- 2001 – France
- 2002 – Belgium – World and European Cup
- 2003 – Germany – 13th European Cup
- 2004 – Austria – 4th World and 14th European Cups
- 2005 – Austria – 15th European Cup
- 2006 – Germany – 5th World and 16th European Cups
- 2007 – France – 17th European Cup
- 2008 – France – 6th World and 18th European Cups
- 2009 – Switzerland – 19th European Cup
- 2010 – Italy – 7th IBSA World and 20th IBSA European Torball Cup
- 2011 – Italy – 21st IBSA European Torball Cup
- 2012 – Germany – 8th IBSA World and 22nd IBSA European Torball Cup
- 2013 – Belgium – 23rd IBSA European Torball Cup
25th IBSA European Torball Cup in Poland in 2015.[further explanation needed]
Rules
The official rules for torball were previously determined by the International Blind Sports Federation.
