Treaty of Purandar (1665)
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| Context | Mughal–Maratha wars |
|---|---|
| Signed | 11 June 1665 |
| Location | Purandar Fort |
| Original signatories | |
| Parties | |
| Language | Persian |
The Treaty of Purandar was signed on 11 June 1665, between Jai Singh I, commander of the Mughal Empire, and Shivaji. Shivaji was forced to sign the agreement after Jai Singh besieged Purandar fort. The terms of the treaty made Shivaji
Following Shivaji's rebellion and hostilities against the Mughal empire in collaboration with the Adilshahi dynasty. Aurangzeb sent his senior most general Mirza Raja Jai Singh to subdue Shivaji Maharaj and the Adil Shahi dynasty.[1]
Siege of Purandar
Jai Singh besieged Purandar fort in 1665. He conquered the neighbouring Vajragad fort in the middle of April. He surrounded Purandar and attacked the walls of the fort with cannons. The Marathas suffered heavy casualties. Due to this, Shivaji decided to meet Jai Singh and accept the terms of peace. [2] Shivaji is noted to have said when receiving Jai Singh: [3][4]
"I have come as a guilty slave to seek forgiveness, and it is for you either to pardon or to kill me at your pleasure. I will make over my great forts, with the country of Konkan, to the Emperor's officers, and I will send you my son to enter the imperial service. As for myself, I hope that after the interval of one year, when I have paid my respects to the Emperor, I may be allowed, like other servants of the State who exercise authority in their own provinces, to live with my wife and family in a small fort or two. Whenever and wherever my services are required. I will on receiving orders, discharge my duty loyally."
Terms of the treaty
Following are the main points of the treaty:
- Shivaji kept twelve forts, along with an area worth an income of 100,000 (1 lakh) huns.[5]
- Shivaji was required to help the Mughals whenever and wherever required. [5]
- Shivaji's son Sambhaji was tasked with the command of a 5,000-strong force to fight for Mughals as Mansabdar.[5]
- If Shivaji wanted to claim the Konkan area under Bijapur's control, he would have to pay 4 million (40 lakh) hons to the Mughals.[5]
- He had to give up his 23 forts, which include Purandar, Rudramal, Kondana, Karnala, Lohagad, Isagad, Tung, Tikona, Rohida fort, Nardurga, Mahuli, Bhandardurga, Palaskhol, Rupgad, Bakhtgad, Morabkhan, Manikgad (Raigad), Saroopgad, Sagargad, Marakgad, Ankola, Songad, and Mangad. [5]
Along with these requirements, Shivaji agreed to visit Agra to meet Aurangzeb for further political talks.[5]