Tristeno
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Tristeno
Τρίστενο | |
|---|---|
  Tristeno | |
| Coordinates: 39°47.6′N 21°0.1′E / 39.7933°N 21.0017°E | |
| Country | Greece |
| Administrative region | Epirus |
| Regional unit | Ioannina |
| Municipality | Zagori |
| Municipal unit | East Zagori |
| Area | |
• Community | 15.325 km2 (5.917 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 940 m (3,080 ft) |
| Population (2021)[1] | |
• Community | 55 |
| • Density | 3.6/km2 (9.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 440 14 |
| Area code | +30-2656 |
| Vehicle registration | ΙΝ |
Tristeno (Greek: Τρίστενο; before 1927: Δρεστενίκον, Drestenikon)[2][3] is a village and a community of the Zagori municipality.[4] Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of East Zagori, of which it was a municipal district.[4] The 2021 census recorded 55 inhabitants in the village.[1] The community of Tristeno covers an area of 15.325 km2.[5]
The village is recorded as Tristeanikon in 1319.[6] The linguist Max Vasmer wrote that the village name is linked to Southern Slavic toponym Trъstěnikъ, from where the form Tristeanikon arose with a rendering of the Slavic ě as ea (ia) in Greek.[6]
Trъstěnikъ is formed from the Slavic noun trъstъ meaning 'reed' and the adjectival ending -ěnъ, becoming trъstěnъ, with the noun-forming suffix -ikъ used to turn adjectival forms into nouns.[6] The form Tristeaniko(n) later became (N)tresteniko by replacing ea with e through the influence of a false etymology based on the Greek tri stena 'three narrows'.[6] The new official Greek name, Tristeno, was formed from tria stena based on the village location below four hills and near an area where three pits formed between the geographical features.[7]
D. Raiou wrote that the original placename Dresteniko (Dristeniku in Aromanian) is from the toponymic form Tristeno with the prefix of the Aromanian preposition n, 'in', from Latin in, and the Aromanian diminutive suffix -icu, meaning 'small Tristeno'.[7] The linguist Kostas Oikonomou stated that while the diminutive toponymic formation is possible, it is untenable as it presupposes the existence of a 'big Tristeno' which does not exist.[7]
History
Tristeno was first recorded in a golden edict of 1319 (a type of concession) of Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II.[8]
In the late 19th century Ioannis Lambridis wrote the village was located in a valley, "crossed downwards by a deep pit" and traditionally populated by Albanian shepherds, Aromanian was not spoken and the village language was Greek with many Albanian words.[9]
Although no memories are preserved among the local population of any past Orthodox Christian Albanian presence, Albanian linguistic remnants in the local Greek speech may point that they were the first settlers of the village. This would also explain the other local Aromanian name of the village Arbineshi ("Albanian village") given by the neighbouring Aromanian area of Zagori.[10][11] Linguist Thede Kahl (1999) writes the village might have been a mixed Albanian–Aromanian village, while historian Asterios Koukoudis (2003) states that it should not be included among Aromanian villages.[12][13] The villagers of Greveniti consider the inhabitants of Liapi (modern Itea), Dresteniko (Tristeno) and Demati to belong in some way to the same ethno-linguistic group.[14]
