Trypetheliales
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Trypetheliales | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Viridothelium virens | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Dothideomycetes |
| Order: | Trypetheliales Lücking, Aptroot & Sipman (2008) |
| Type genus | |
| Trypethelium Spreng. (1804) | |
| Families | |
The Trypetheliales are an order of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. Most of the species in the order form lichens, although some are lichenicolous fungi. Trypetheliales contains two families, Polycoccaceae and Trypetheliaceae.
Trypetheliales was circumscribed in 2008 by Robert Lücking, André Aptroot, and Harrie Sipman to reflect a well-supported, phylogenetically distinct lineage within the class Dothideomycetes; the order is based on the family Trypetheliaceae as its type.[1] Most members form lichens with trentepohlioid (orange-pigmented) green algae, though a few are non-lichenised fungi.[2]
In the modern sense, the order contains two families: Polycoccaceae, comprising mainly lichenicolous fungi (species that live on or in other lichens), and Trypetheliaceae, which are chiefly lichen-forming. This composition captures the group's evolutionary coherence while recognising the different ecological strategies represented within it.[2]
Aptroot and Lücking also addressed a long-standing nomenclatural confusion around Trypetheliaceae as published by Franz Gerhard Eschweiler in 1824. Some databases had treated Eschweiler's name as invalid—or as if it were an order—because he used the historical Latin term "cohors". Under the International Code of Nomenclature, however, rank is determined by the author's intent and usage: Eschweiler explicitly described a "familia" and employed the conventional "-aceae" ending, so Trypetheliaceae is a valid family-rank name, not an order. Consequently, the order name Trypetheliales is correctly attributed to Lücking, Aptroot and Sipman (2008), and not to Eschweiler.[2]