Tugulu Group
Geological Group in Xinjiang, China
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The Tugulu Group (simplified Chinese: 吐谷鲁群; traditional Chinese: 吐谷魯群; pinyin: Tǔgǔlǔ Qún) is a geological Group in Xinjiang, China whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous. Dinosaur skeletal remains and footprints are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1][2][3][4]
TypeGroup
Sub-unitsQingshuihe, Hutubihe, Shengjinkou & Lianmuqin Formations
UnderliesDonggou & Kumutake Formations
OverliesKalaza Formation
| Tugulu Group | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: | |
The Shengjinkou Formation, which makes up part of the Tugulu Group. Photographed before 2021. | |
| Type | Group |
| Sub-units | Qingshuihe, Hutubihe, Shengjinkou & Lianmuqin Formations |
| Underlies | Donggou & Kumutake Formations |
| Overlies | Kalaza Formation |
| Thickness | 150–1,640 m (490–5,380 ft) |
| Location | |
| Region | Xinjiang |
| Country | China |
| Extent | Junggar Basin |
Vertebrate paleofauna
Dinosaurs
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Dinosaurs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Asiatosaurus[5] | A. mongoliensis[5] |
   | ||||
| Kelmayisaurus[5][6] | K. petrolicus[5] | Maxilla and dentary[7] | ||||
| Xinjiangovenator | X. parvus | Tibia and phalanges[8] | Formerly thought to be a representative of Phaedrolosaurus ilikensis.[5] | |||
|
P. ilikensis |
A tooth[9] |
|||||
| Psittacosaurus[5] | P. xinjiangensis[5] | Several specimens of different ages and sizes, holotype and most complete specimen belonging to a juvenile | An early ceratopsian | |||
| Tugulusaurus[5] | T. faciles[5] | Hindlimb, rib, and a vertebral centrum[10] | ||||
| Xiyunykus | X. pengi | Partial skeleton[11] | ||||
| Wuerhosaurus[5] | W. homheni[5] | Partial skeleton[12] | A stegosaur | |||
| Ornithomimosauria indet.[13] | Indeterminate | Hand claw and associated caudal vertebrae | The first ornithomimosaur known from the Junggar Basin | |||
Pterosaurs
| Pterosaurs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Abundance | Notes | Images |
| Dsungaripterus | D. weii[14] | A dsungaripterid |  | |||
| Noripterus | N. complicidens[15] | Front part of the skull and lower jaws, vertebrae, and partial limbs and pelvis. | A dsungaripterid | |||
| Lonchognathosaurus | L. acutirostris[15] | Front portion of skull and lower jaws | Possible junior synonym of Dsungaripterus weii.[16] | |||
| Ornithocheiromorpha indet.[17] | Indeterminate | Partial humerus | The first known ornithocheiromorph from the Tugulu Group | |||
Pseudosuchians
| Name | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edentosuchus | E. tienshanensis[18] | A crocodyliform | ||||
Turtles
| Name | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dracochelys | Dracochelys bicuspis[19][20] | A skull, an incomplete skeleton. | A sinemydid | |||
| Ordosemys | O. brinkmania[21] | An isolated skull, several shells. | A sinemydid | |||
| Xinjiangchelys | Indeterminate | A shell preserved on a slab in ventral view[21] | A xinjiangchelyid | |||
| Wuguia | W. efremovi[22] W. hutubeiensis[23] |
Partial shells (W. efremovi), an incomplete skeleton (W. hutubeiensis) | A sinemydid | |||
| Pantrionychia indet. | A poorly preserved skull in dorsal view[21] | A cryptodiran | ||||
Fish
| Name | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Abundance | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bogdaichthys[24] | B. fukangensis | A siyuichthyid[25] | ||||
| B. serratus | ||||||
| Dsungarichthys[24] | D. bilineatus | A siyuichthyid | ||||
| Manasichthys[24] | M. elongatus | A siyuichthyid | ||||
| M. tuguluensis | ||||||
| Neobaleiichthys[24] | N. chikuensis | |||||
| Siyuichthys[24] | S. ornatus | A siyuichthyid | ||||
| S. pulchellus | ||||||
| S. pulcher | ||||||
| Uighuroniscus[24] | U. sinkiangensis | |||||
| Wukangia[24] | W. houyanshanensis | A siyuichthyid | ||||
