Tvarditsa Municipality
Municipality in Sliven Province, Bulgaria
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tvarditsa Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Твърдица) is a municipality in the Sliven Province of Bulgaria.
Tvarditsa Municipality | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
|
Coat of arms | |
.png) Location of Tvarditsa Municipality in Sliven Province | |
  Tvarditsa Municipality Location of Tvarditsa Municipality in Bulgaria | |
| Coordinates: 42°42′N 25°54′E | |
| Country |  Bulgaria |
| Province | Sliven Province |
| Capital | Tvarditsa |
| Area | |
• Total | 442.5 km2 (170.9 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 13,804 |
| • Density | 31.20/km2 (80.80/sq mi) |
| Postal code | 8890 |
| Area code | 0454 |
Demography
- Bulgarians (67.8%)
- Turks (9.32%)
- Gypsies/Romani (15.2%)
- No identification (7.07%)
- Other (0.59%)
Population size according to censuses over the years.[1]
| Census | Population |
|---|---|
| 1934 | 12 057 |
| 1946 | 13 944 |
| 1956 | 16 434 |
| 1965 | 19 618 |
| 1975 | 18 066 |
| 1985 | 17 218 |
| 1992 | 17 215 |
| 2001 | 14 927 |
| 2011 | 13 804 |
| 2021 | 13 312 |
Ethnicity
At the 2011 census, the population of Tvarditsa was 13,804. Most of the inhabitants were Bulgarians (67.79%) with a minority of Turks (9.32%) and Gypsies/Romani (15.21%).[2][3] 7.07% of the population's ethnicity was unknown.
| Ethnicity | census 1992[4] | census 2001[4] | census 2011[2] | census 2021[5] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bulgarians | 14 130 | 82.1 | 9 928 | 66.5 | 9 359 | 67.8 | 7 828 | 58.8 |
| Gypsies/Roma | 901 | 5.2 | 3 106 | 20.8 | 2 100 | 15.2 | 3 430 | 25.8 |
| Turks | 1 911 | 11.1 | 1 583 | 10.6 | 1 287 | 9.3 | 992 | 7.5 |
| Others | 273 | 1.6 | 196 | 1.3 | 82 | 0.6 | 67 | 0.4 |
| Undeclared | - | - | 60 | 0.4 | 137 | 1.0 | 107 | 0.8 |
| Unknown | - | - | 54 | 0.4 | 839 | 6.1 | 888 | 6.7 |
| Total | 17 215 | 100.0 | 14 927 | 100.0 | 13 804 | 100.0 | 13 312 | 100.0 |
The ethnic group of Bulgarian citizens of Roma origin in the municipality of Tvarditsa is significant and its number is about 30% of the total population. Since the Roma in the municipality cannot be officially counted, because a large part of them self-identify as Bulgarians, this information is taken approximately from the ESGRAON of the Tvarditsa municipal administration.[6]
| Ethnicity | 2011[6] | |
|---|---|---|
| Bulgarians | 7 510 | 54.4 |
| Gypsies/Roma | 4 900 | 35.5 |
| Turks | 1 300 | 9.4 |
| Others | 90 | 0.7 |
| Total | 13 800 | 100.0 |
Distribution of Roma in the following settlements:[6]
- Tvarditsa: 2 200 - 38.9%
- Shivachevo: 1 610 - 44.1%
- Sborishte: 990 - 55.3%
- Orizari: 100 - 18.2%
Parts of the places where Roma live have taken on the appearance of ghettos.[7]
Religions
Ethnicity of school pupils
The integration of Roma children from the Municipality of Tvarditsa is a continuous process that has not stopped and continues to be implemented, albeit with considerable difficulties.[7]
Birth rate
| Year | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024[10] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All live births | 233 | 206 | 235 | 212 | 227 | 211 | 217 | 225 | 238 | 221 | 233 | 264 | 243 | 252 | 255 |
| Mothers aged under twenty
(Practically ethnic Roma) |
64 | 58 | 73 | 62 | 77 | 74 | 71 | 64 | 82 | 87 | 85 | 94 | 98 | 104 | 104 |
| Share of teenage mothers | 27.5 | 28.2 | 31.1 | 29.2 | 33.9 | 35.6 | 32.7 | 28.4 | 34.5 | 39.4 | 36.5 | 35.6 | 40.4 | 41.3 | 40.8 |
In addition to Roma born to mothers under twenty years of age, there is also a significant proportion over that age. This means that of the newborns in the Municipality of Tvarditsa, over 50% are Roma.[10]
Villages
In addition to the capital town of Tvarditsa, there are 9 villages in the municipality:
- Bliznets
- Borov Dol
- Byala Palanka
- Zhalt Bryag
- Orizari
- Sborishte
- Sartsevo
- Chervenakovo
- Shivachevo