Urfa Halkevi

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The Urfa Halkevi was a halkevi ("people's house", or community center) that existed in the Turkish city of Urfa from 1934 to 1951. It organized a variety of activities in 8 branches (originally 7) and promoted the ideology of the ruling Republican People's Party, or CHP.

Closure

Urfa's halkevi was established on 23 February 1934.[1]:2 Its building was built on the site that had earlier been occupied by a vocational school called the Mekteb-i Sanayi.[2]:190 The halkevi's first president was Musa Kazım Yazgan.[3] Unusually, the Urfa Halkevi was established without a CHP party organization — the local CHP organization was only established in 1944 — and as a result had both financial and communication difficulties from the beginning.[1]:2 The halkevi opened with only 7 branches: Language and Literature, Fine Arts, Representation, Sport, Social Assistance, Library and Publication, and Villagers.[1]:1–2,99 Two of the standard halkevi branches — the Museum and Exhibition branch and the People's Classroom and Courses branch — were absent.[1]:99 According to the Urfa Halkevi's first yearbook in February 1935, there had been 32 conferences, 65 concerts, 22 plays, 32 meetings, and 50 sports days in the halkevi's first year,[4] and it had a membership of 879 (843 men and 36 women).[1]:99

An early problem experienced by the halkevi was that its well did not supply enough water, especially during the summer.[3]:871 At one point it dried up, preventing cleaning work from taking place and causing the garden's flowers to dry out.[3]:871 Around 1935, the halkevi went through a period of stagnation.[3]:871 A local journalist wrote that, during the day, the place was empty except for a handful of students playing billiards; he criticized the halkevi's inactivity, comparing it to a "deserted neighborhood".[3]:871–2 In 1936, Urfa governor Atıf Ulusoğlu intervened to address the lack of activity at the halkevi.[3]:872 Also in 1936, First Inspector-General Abidin Özmen made various inspections in Urfa and left a report saying that, while the halkevi building was functional, it was small and should be expanded next year.[4]

Another thing done at the halkevi was to make it a place where people could hear important announcements on the radio.[4] For example, on 4 April 1939, thousands of people gathered in front of the Urfa halkevi, where loudspeakers were set up to broadcast the news of the 6th Parliament of Turkey's first convening and its renewal of İsmet İnönü as president for a second term.[4]

With the beginning of the multi-party era in Turkish politics in 1950, when the Democrat Party came to power nationwide, the entire halkevi program became a source of criticism as an organ of the CHP.[3]:877 For example, the halkevis were officially affiliated with the CHP and their presidents were CHP members.[1]:161 A local newspaper in Urfa criticized the ways that the halkevis were run — for example, they received thousands of liras in government funds, which the CHP party organization spent on itself rather than the halkevis, and they were used as meeting places for CHP members.[3]:877 For a while after the 1950 elections, which returned 6 Democrat MP's for Urfa province and 1 CHP MP, there was a debate over what to do with halkevis in general.[1]:161–2 In Urfa, the halkevi building as well as the CHP headquarters were included in a "Green Field Area" (Turkish: Yeşil Saha Alanı) project with the land registered in the CHP's name.[1]:163 Urfa governor İsmail Hakkı Baykal and lawyer Ömer Alagöz ended up filing a joint lawsuit to nullify the CHP's deed to the land.[1]:163

In August 1951, the Turkish National Assembly officially voted to close the halkevis.[3]:877 All movable properties of the halkevis were transferred to the treasury.[1]:162

Branches

Challenges faced

References

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