User:Vereverde

On Dec. 1, 2010, Pope Benedict XVI designated Rev. Edward M. Rice (b. July 28, 1960) to become Auxiliary Bishop of St. Louis, Missouri, and Titular Bishop of Sufes.^[3] His consecration is scheduled for January 13. He was born in St. Louis to John L. and Helen (Madden) Rice. He received his Masters Degree of Divinity from Kenrick School of Theology in 1987, and was ordained to the priesthood on January 3, 1987, by Archbishop John L. May. He taught at St. Mary's High School in St. Louis from 1991 until he became assistant director of Cardinal Glennon College in 1995. He then ascended to director of the college in 1996 and continued in that capacity until 2000. In that year, he received an assignment as pastor of St. John the Baptist Parish in St. Louis. Then in 2008 he stepped down as pastor to become Director for the Office of Vocations for the Archdiocese of St. Louis. On July 2, 2008, he was appointed as a Chaplain of His Holiness with the title, Monsignor. He was still serving as Director of Vocations when he received the appointment as Bishop-Designate.^[4]

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By the turn of the twentieth century, bicycle manufacturing had become a million-dollar industry in Indianapolis. The Indiana Bicycle Company, the largest bicycle manufacturer in the city, was founded in 1886. ^[1]

By the end of its first decade, the company occupied a large plant at the corner of East and Cook Streets, employing more than 1000 persons and producing 350 bicycles every 10 hours. In 1896 the company produced some 50,000 bicycles and operated branch stores in all major U.S. cities, including three locations in New York City. The $60 cost of the company’s popular “Waverley” brand bicycles in 1896 converts to roughly $1500 when adjusted for inflation. A mid-range carriage would cost more than twice this amount, even before factoring in the high cost of horses and their upkeep, making the bicycle both affordable and comparatively maintenance-free. ^[2]

^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]}

Black Seminole settlement?

John Quincy Adams (1836)

In 1836, John Quincy Adams first asserted that the U.S. Army could liberate rebellious slaves in time of war:

"By war the slave may emancipate himself; it may become necessary for the master to recognize his emancipation by a treaty of peace."

American State Papers: Military Affairs (ASPMA). 7 vols. Washington: Gales and Seaton, 1832-1860. Volume 7: 876, Register of Debates, House of Representatives, 24th Cong. 1st Sess. 440, Miller Arguing 209.

Jesup's Proclamation (1838)

http://books.google.com/books?id=0RtHXh93pAgC&pg=PA122&lpg=PA122&dq=jesup%27s+proclamation&source=bl&ots=RcpJY-B7mS&sig=ZHMxfY7W09MEiAHFrdP_jJOjf5Y&hl=en#v=onepage&q=jesup%27s%20proclamation&f=false

"[T]hat all Negroes the property of the Seminole...who...delivered themselves up to the Commanding Officer of the Troops should be free."

The "Freedom certificate of John Cohai and his wife, 30 April 1840," (see Porter Black 234), as it was affirmed by Zachary Taylor and recorded in U.S. Army records. Porter, Kenneth Wiggins. The Black Seminoles: History of a Freedom-Seeking People. Eds Thomas Senter and Alcione Amos. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1996.

Fremont's Proclamation (1861)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9mont_Emancipation

The Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9mont_Emancipation

The Thirteenth Amendment (1865) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution

st. johns river water management district bayard conservation area

http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/30138848?uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101225840557 (1951)

Located within what is now the Bayard Conservancy Preserve, also known as the John P. Hall, Sr. Nature Preserve, 3 mi. southeast of Green Cove Springs, near the end of Bayard Point, Clay County, Florida

The site was used as a ferry landing late in the 17th century. About 1716 the first fort was built by the Spanish. It was rebuilt and enlarged early in 1739. The following year the fort was captured by English and Indian forces led by James Oglethorpe, founder of the Georgia colony, during the War of Jenkin's Ear. On their withdrawal, later in the summer, they destroyed the fort and it was never rebuilt.

In 1716, however, it was home to a fortification built by the Spanish to protect the crossing across the St. Johns River and block ships from coming upstream.

While Fort San Francisco de Pupo has long since been destroyed, some signs that it once existed along the river still remain. In 1740, Gen. James Oglethorpe captured the fort from the Spanish and a trench dug by Oglethorpe's army to reinforce the fort is still visible.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/posrus/6561499377/

Fort San Francisco de Pupo

Pupo is first mentioned in 1716 as the place where the trail from the Franciscan Indian Missions in Apalachee (present-day Tallahassee) to St. Augustine crossed the river. The Spanish government built the fort on the St Johns River sometime before 1737. Pupo teamed with Fort Picolata on the Eastern Shore, these {run on?} forts protected the river crossing and blocked ships from continuing upstream. In 1738 after an attack by the British-allied Yuchi Indians, the fort was enlarged to a 30-by-16 blockhouse, surrounded by a rampart of timber and earth. During General James Oglethorpe 1739-40 advance on St. Augustine, Lt. George Dunbar unsuccessfully attacked Pupo on the night of December 28th. On January 7th and 8th, Oglethorpe himself took two days to capture the Spanish blockhouses. Oglethorpe reinforced the fort with a trench, which is still visible. Upon the British retreat from Florida, Fort San Francisco de Pupo was destroyed. Though the fort was never rebuilt, the site remained a strategically important ferry crossing. In the 1820s, Florida's first federally built road, the Bellamy Road, used the river crossing on the route between St. Augustine and Pensacola.

Located near west end of Shand's bridge on Leonard C. Taylor Pkwy, Hwy 16

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fort_San_Fran_de_Pupo_plaque01.jpg

http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM2QTV_Fort_Fransisco_De_Pupo

http://www.performancemultisports.com/BayardMaps.htm

http://mpickering.homeip.net/content/hiking/jacksonville-area/john-p-hall-nature-preserve

http://archives.clayclerk.com/Maps-OnlineLinks.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams-On%C3%ADs_Treaty

http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/history/timeline/2.html

http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/adamonis.htm

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminole_Wars

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Florida_Controversy

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Florida (especially Second Spanish period)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Gadsden (should Kos ref. be deleted?

http://www.johnhorse.com/index.html

?? http://www.dailykos.com/story/2007/04/06/320149/-The-First-Emancipation-Proclamation ??

especially "Background", and references

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Negro_Fort

http://www.exploresouthernhistory.com/fortgadsden3.html

http://lookingforangola.org/introduction.asp (same = http://www.africanaheritage.com/lookingforangola.asp)

wow, just wow ???!!!?!

http://dbwf.net/history/index.html

http://micronations.wikia.com/wiki/Dominion_of_British_West_Florida

http://roadsidegeorgia.com/site/fortfrederica.html

http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/histarch/sitesInfo_fl.htm

http://www.treasurelore.com/florida/florida_forts.htm

http://books.google.com/books?id=_2h_bpEaNlIC&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37&dq=excavation+fort+san+francisco+de+pupo&source=bl&ots=S-L6EFxYCm&sig=xqp1AC3KE1hbXl1v11pXlAb9EvQ&hl=en#v=onepage&q=excavation%20fort%20san%20francisco%20de%20pupo&f=false

http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~1140~90018:A-General-Map-of-the-Southern-Briti?sort=Pub_List_No_InitialSort,Pub_Date,Pub_List_No,Series_No

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_forts_in_Florida

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellamy_Road

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castillo_de_San_Marcos#Second_British_Siege

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Horse

http://mshistorynow.mdah.state.ms.us/articles/66/mississippi-under-british-rule-british-west-florida

http://www.learner.org/interactives/historymap/colonists1.html

http://www.unf.edu/floridahistoryonline/Plantations/plantations/New_Switzerland.htm

http://www.claycountyhistoricalsociety.org/

http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/docs/f/florbrit.htm

http://www.exploresouthernhistory.com/westflorida.html

http://floridahistory.org/british.htm

http://www.staugustinegovernment.com/visitors/nations-oldest-city.cfm

http://future.state.gov/when/timeline/1801_timeline/acquisition_of_florida.html (doubtful veracity)

http://dhr.dos.state.fl.us/facts/history/summary/index.cfm

http://dma.myflorida.com/?page_id=417

http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=33894

http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/underground/fl2.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Darien,_Georgia&action=edit&section=3

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Mose

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Mose

Ft San Diego https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=100628

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/conrad-heyer-a-revolutionary-war-veteran-was-the-earliest-born-american-to-ever-be-photographed-180947660/?no-ist

• "Homily preached by Pope Paul VI at the canonization of Saint John Neumann", 1977, Vatican website
• "Bishop John Nepomucene Neumann: An American Saint", 2005, Catholism.Org