North Central Bengali dialects
Group of dialects of Bengali
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North Central Bengali or Varendrī Bengali (Bengali: বরেন্দ্রী বাংলা, romanized: Bôrendri Bāṅlā, pronounced [bɔɾendriː baŋla]) is a cluster of Bengali dialects and their varieties,[1][2][3] it is also known as Uttaravaṅgīẏa[4] or Udīcya, it is spoken in the Varendra region (primarily consisting of the Rajshahi Division, parts of the Gaibandha and Dinajpur districts in Bangladesh and the Malda division in India excluding Islampur). Varendri dialect was classified by many renowned Indian linguists like Suniti Kumar Chatterji, Sukumar Sen and others.[5] It is also spoken in adjoining villages in neighbouring Bihar and Jharkhand. Varendri dialect has some influences of neighbouring dialects of Maithili and other Bihari languages.
India: Malda Division (except for Islampur Subdivision), Parts of Bihar and Jharkhand
- Old Bengali
- Middle Bengali
| Varendrī Bengali | |
|---|---|
| North Central Bengali Gaudi Bengali Uttaravangiya Bengali | |
| বরেন্দ্রী বাংলা | |
| |
| Native to | Bangladesh, India |
| Region | Bangladesh: Rajshahi Division, parts of Gaibandha District and Dinajpur District (Bangladesh) India: Malda Division (except for Islampur Subdivision), Parts of Bihar and Jharkhand |
Early forms | Gaudi Prakrit
|
| Bengali alphabet | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | nort2658 Northern Bengalirajs1238 Rajshahi |
Classification
Dr. Muhammad Shahidullah divided all Bengali dialects into two main groups: Prācya (Bengali: প্রাচ্য, romanized: prachyô, lit. 'eastern') and Pāścātya (Bengali: পাশ্চাত্য, romanized: pashchatyô, lit. 'western'). Within his Pāścātya grouping, he identified a subdivision termed "Northern" or "Udīcya", which broadly corresponds to what is described here as North Central Bengali but also including Far Northern Bengali dialects. This classification aligns with the combined dialect groups of "Varendra" and "Kāmarūpa" proposed by Suniti Kumar Chatterji, while the remaining area corresponds to Rāḍha dialects. In Shahidullah's classification, this northern zone is said to extend from Goalpara to Purnia, encompassing much of the historical regions of Kamarupa and Varendra.[6] This area includes the modern divisions of Rangpur and Rajshahi in Bangladesh as well as Jalpaiguri and Malda in West Bengal. The Varendri dialect is also known as the "Rajshahi-Malda dialect".[7] It is sometimes divided into Indian varieties, such as the "Maldahiya" or "Gaudi" dialects[8] and Bangladeshi varieties known as the "Purbo Varendri" dialects.[9][10]
Comparison
Varendri Bengali is a Bengali dialect belonging to North Bengal. Alongwith Eastern Bengali, the standardised register of Bengali was based on the Central Bengali dialect spoken in Nadia and Greater Kushtia (West-Central Bengal). A comparison of Varendri dialects and their varieties is presented below:
Examples:
| Sub-dialects | A man had two sons. | IPA |
|---|---|---|
| Standard Bengali | একজন লোকের/মানুষের দুটি ছেলে ছিলো। (ækjon loker/manusher duţi chhele chhilo.) | [æk d͡ʒon lokeɾ/manuʃeɾ d̪uʈi t͡ʃʰele t͡ʃʰilo] |
| Sādhu Bhāṣā | কোন এক ব্যক্তির দুটি পুত্র ছিল।
(kono êk bektir duṭi putrô chhilô.) |
[kono æk bekt̪iɾ d̪uʈi put̪ɾo t͡ʃʰilo] |
| Rajshahiya dialect | ||
| Rajshahi | একজন মানষের দুইটা ব্যাটা/ছাওয়াল ছিল। (ækjon mansher duita bæṭa/chhawal chhilo.) | [ɛk d͡ʒon mænʃer d̪uiʈa bæʈa/t͡ʃʰawɑl t͡ʃʰilo] |
| Naogaon | একজ়নের দুটা ব্যাটা/সোয়েল সিল। (ekzoner duta bæṭa/soyel silo.) | [ɛkzɔnɛɾ d̪uta bæʈa/sɔjel silo] |
| Natore | একজন মানুষের দুটা বেটা/ছোওয়াল ছিল। (ækjon manusher duta beṭa/chhowal chhilo.) | [ɛk d͡ʒon manuʃer d̪uta beʈa/t͡ʃʰowal t͡ʃʰilo] |
| Sapahar | একজ়ুন মানুষির দুটা বেটা/সোওয়াল সিল। (ekzun manushir duta beṭa/sowal silo.) | [ɛkzun manuʃir d̪uta beʈa/sɔwal silo] |
| Pabnaiya dialect | ||
| Pabna | একজ়োন মানশের দুইডা ব্যাটা/সাওয়াল সিল। (ækzôn mansher duiḍa bæt̹a/sawal silo.) | [ækzɔn mænʃer d̪uid̪a bæta/sawal silo] |
| Sirajganj | একজ়ন মাইনশের দুইদো ব্যাটা/সোল সিল। (ækzon mainsher duido bæṭa/sol silo.) | [ækzɔn mainsher d̪uido bæʈa/sol silo] |
| Ishwardi | একজ়ন মাইনসের দুইদি ব্যাটা/সোল সিল। (ækzon mainser duidi beta/sol silo.) | [ækzɔn mainsɛɾ d̪uid̪i bæta/sol silo] |
| Kazipur | একঝন মানুসার দুইটা সোল সিল। (ekjhon manusar duita sol silo.) | [ekd͡ʒhon manusar d̪uiʈa sol silo] |
| Tarash | একঝন মানুসের দুটা সোল আসিলো। (æk jhon manuser duta sol asilo.) | [æk d͡ʒhon manuser d̪uta sol asilo] |
| Maldaiya dialect | ||
| Malda | একঝন মানুসের দুইটা ব্যাটা/ছাওয়াল ছিলো। (ækjhon manuser duiṭa bæṭa/chhawal chhilô.) | [ækd͡ʒhon manuser d̪uiʈa bæʈa/t͡ʃʰawɑl t͡ʃʰilo] |
| Chapai Nawabganj | একঝন মাইনশের দুটা ব্যাটা/ছাওয়াল আছিলো। (ækjhon mainsher duta bæṭa/chhawal achhilô.) | [ækd͡ʒhon mainsher d̪uta bæʈa/t͡ʃʰawɑl äsʰilo] |
| Raiganj | একঝন মানুসার দুটো বেটা/ছোওয়াল ছিল। (ekjhon manusar duto beṭa/chhowal chhilo.) | [ekd͡ʒhon manusar d̪uto beʈa/t͡ʃʰowal t͡ʃʰilo] |
| Shershabadia | একঝন বেক্তির দুইটি ব্যাটা/সাওয়াল সিল। (ækjhon bektir duiṭi bæṭa/sawal sil.) | [ækd͡ʒhon bektir d̪uiʈi bæʈa/sawal silɔ] |
| Sahebganj | একজ়ন বেক্তির দুটা বেটা সিলো। (ekzon bektir duta beṭa silo.) | [ɛkzɔn bektir d̪uta beʈa silo] |
| Bograiya dialect | ||
| Bogra | একঝনের দুই ব্যাটা/ছোইল আছিল। (ækjhoner dui bæṭa/chhoil achhilo.) | [ækd͡ʒhoner d̪ui bæʈa/t͡ʃʰoil aʧʰilo] |
| Joypurhat | একজ়ন মানষের দুইকনা ব্যাটা/সাওয়াল/সোল সিল। (ækzon mansher duikona bæta/sawal/sol silo.) | [ækzɔn mænʃer d̪uikona bæta/sawal/sol silo] |
| Hakimpur | একঝন দুইয়া ব্যাটা/ছোইল আছিল। (ækjhon duia bæṭa/chhoil achhilo.) | [ækd͡ʒhon duia bæʈa/t͡ʃʰoil aʧʰilo] |
| Dhamoirhat | একজ়ৈন দুইয়া ব্যাটা/সাওয়োল আসিল। (ækzoin duia beṭa/sawol asilo.) | [ækzoin duia beʈa/sawol asilo] |
| Gobindaganj | এক বেক্তির দুটা ব্যাটা/সোল আসিল। (æk bektir duta bæta/sol asilo.) | [æk bektir d̪uta bæta/sol asilo] |
| Murshidabadi dialect | ||
| Murshidabad | কোনো লোকের দুটা সেলে/সোবাল সিল। (kono loker duţa sele/sobal silo.) | [kono loker d̪uʈa sele/sobal silo] |
| Berhampore | কুনো লোকের দুটো সেলে সিল। (kuno loker duţo sele silo.) | [kuno loker d̪uto sele silo] |
| Jangipur | কোনো এক লোকার দুইটা সোওয়াল আসিলো। (kono ek lokar duiţa sôwal asilô.) | [kono ek lokar d̪uiʈa sɔwal asilo] |
| Kandi | কোনো ব্যক্তির দুটো ছোৱাল আছিলো। (kono bektir duţo chhoval achhilô.) | [kono bektir d̪uto t͡ʃʰɸal aʧʰilo] |
| Domkol | কোনো মানুষির দুটা ছেইলে/ছাওয়াল ছিল। (kono manushir duta chheile/chhaowal chhilo.) | [kono manuʃir d̪uta t͡ʃʰeile/t͡ʃʰawɑl t͡ʃʰilo] |
| Dinajpuri (Varendri) dialect | ||
| Dinajpur (Dinajpur Sadar Upazila and border regions) | একজ়ন মানশের দুই ব্যাটা/ছাওয়াল ছিল। (ækzôn mansher dui bæṭa/chhawal chhilo.) | [ækzɔn mænʃer d̪ui bæʈa/t͡ʃʰawɑl t͡ʃʰilo] |
| South Dinajpur | একজ়নের দুটা বেটা/ছওৱা(বা)ল ছিল। (ekzoner duta beṭa/chhobal chhilo.) | [ɛkzɔnɛɾ d̪uta beʈa/t͡ʃʰobal t͡ʃʰilo] |
| East Purnia (Siripuria) | একঝনার দুই ছাওয়াল ছিল্। (ækjhonar dui chhawal chhil.) | [ækd͡ʒhonar d̪ui t͡ʃʰawɑl t͡ʃʰil] |
- English: (First person) will eat
- Standard Bengali: খাবো (khabo)
- Eastern Bengali: খামু (khamu); খাইমু (khaimu); খাম (kham)
- Varendri Bengali: খামোঁ (khamõ); খাইমোঁ (khaimõ); খাইম (khaim)
- English: Money
- Standard Bengali: টাকা (taka)
- Varendri Bengali: টেকা (tæka)