Vasily Yevdokimov

After the end of the war, Yevdokimov completed the Advanced Course for the Command Personnel of the Separate Red Banner Caucasus Army in Tiflis from December 1922 to June 1923, after which he was sent to the 2nd Separate Caucasian Cavalry Brigade of the army. In the following years, Yevdokimov successively served as a platoon commander in the 4th Cavalry Regiment of the brigade and as a machine gun squadron commander in its 2nd Cavalry Regiment. Having completed the Novocherkassk Cavalry Officers Improvement Course between October 1925 and September 1926, he was posted to the 65th Caucasian Cavalry Regiment of the brigade, with which he served as chief of the regimental school and as a squadron commander and commissar. Transferred to the 3rd Caucasian Rifle Division in February 1930, he served with the latter as commander and commissar of its separate cavalry squadron before becoming assistant commander for supply of the 12th Rifle Regiment of the division in June 1932.^[1][2]

Yevdokimov was transferred to the Volga Military District in June 1934, where he commanded the separate reconnaissance battalion of the 61st Rifle Division. Having completed the Intelligence Officers Improvement Course in Moscow between December of that year and November 1935, Yevdokimov rose to command the 182nd Rifle Regiment of the 51st Rifle Division in February 1938 and then its 526th Rifle Regiment from August 1939. Appointed chief of infantry of the 173rd Motor Rifle Division in January 1940, he fought in the Winter War with the division. By then a colonel, he took command of the 490th Motor Rifle Regiment on 10 March 1940, and for "personal heroism" displayed in the fulfillment of the unit objectives Yevdokimov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. The latter and the Jubilee Medal "XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army" were his only awards. He became a major general on 4 June when the Red Army introduced general officer ranks. In August he was appointed commander of the 50th Rifle Division, stationed in Belarus as part of the Western Special Military District.^[1][2]

After Operation Barbarossa began on 22 June 1941, Yevdokimov's division was moved forward from the front reserve and assigned to the 13th Army on 24 June after the German breakthrough in the Molodechno region during the Battle of Białystok–Minsk.^[3] By 27 June his division was tasked with holding a defensive line along the Viliya River until reserves could come up. The 50th was the only organized division left in the region north of Minsk and conducted a fighting retreat to the Berezina in the following days.^[4] At the Berezina crossings, they came under air and tank attack on 5 and 6 July, suffering heavy losses.^[5]

These experiences resulted in Yevdokimov experiencing a mental breakdown, described in a letter to his widow by regimental commander Colonel Andrey Pavlyga as increasing illogicality in orders and conversations. Pavlyga continued that "within three or four days he [Yevdokimov] became violently insane, getting worse and worse every day." He wrote that Yevdokimov accused his subordinates of treason, brandished his pistol at them, and shot at but missed division chief of staff Colonel Aleksandr Pleshkov, while also wounding a Red Army man. Pavlyga disarmed Yevdokimov and Pleshkov assumed command of the division, detailing men to watch Yevdokimov. Pavlyga's regiment, with Yevdokimov, became separated from the rest of the division in the next several days. At some point between 15 and 18 July, Yevdokimov was left in a civilian hospital at a location between Tolochin and Senno, with Pavlyga writing that the former's behavior had "become unmanageable". Yevdokimov's further fate was unknown and he was officially declared as missing in July.^[1][2]

• Bulkin, Anatoly (2018). Генералитет Красной Армии (1918-1941). Военный биографический словарь в 3-х томах [Red Army Generals, 1918–1941: Three-volume Military Biographical Dictionary] (in Russian). Vol. 1. Penza.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Tsapayev, D.A.; et al. (2014). Великая Отечественная: Комдивы. Военный биографический словарь [The Great Patriotic War: Division Commanders. Military Biographical Dictionary] (in Russian). Vol. 3. Moscow: Kuchkovo Pole. ISBN 978-5-9950-0382-3.
• Yegorov, Dmitry (2008). Июнь 41-го. Разгром Западного фронта [June '41: The Defeat of the Western Front] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza. ISBN 978-5-699-27810-7.