Vermont's congressional delegations
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
These are tables of congressional delegations from Vermont to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives.
Vermont was the last state in the United States to include a woman in its congressional delegation, in 2023, when Becca Balint was sworn in as its only U.S. House member following her victory in the 2022 election.[1][2][3] Despite its status as a heavily Democratic-majority state, it has only sent two Democratic United States senators to Congress in its entire history. Bernie Sanders and Peter Welch are the current senators from the state. At age 34, Patrick Leahy was the youngest U.S. senator in Vermont history, the first non-Republican senator from Vermont since 1856, and the first Democrat to represent Vermont in the chamber.
The current dean of the Vermont congressional delegation is Senator Bernie Sanders (I), having served in the Senate since 2007 and in Congress since 1991.
Current delegation
| Current U.S. senators from Vermont | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Vermont
|
Class I senator | Class III senator | ||
 Bernie Sanders (Senior senator) (Burlington) |
 Peter Welch (Junior senator) (Norwich) | |||
| Party | Independent | Democratic | ||
| Incumbent since | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2023 | ||
Vermont's current delegation in the 119th United States Congress consists of two senators—Bernie Sanders, an independent politician; and Peter Welch, a Democrat[5]—and one member of the United States House, Democratic representative Becca Balint.[6]
The Cook Partisan Voting Index (CPVI) is a measure of how strongly partisan a state is.[7]: 274 For each district or state, the CPVI measures the party leaning (Democratic or Republican) and the number of percentage points more partisan than the national average.[8] The CPVI gave Vermont an D+17 rating, meaning the state voted seventeen percentage points more Democratic than the national average.[4]
| Current U.S. representatives from Vermont | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | Member (Residence)[9] |
Party | Incumbent since | CPVI (2025)[4] |
District map |
| At-large |  Becca Balint (Brattleboro) |
Democratic | January 3, 2023 | D+17 |  |
United States Senate
Four presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate—Stephen R. Bradley, Solomon Foot, George Franklin Edmunds, and Patrick Joseph Leahy—have been from Vermont.[10][11] Of the four, Bradley, one Vermont's first senators after its admittance into the Union, also served as the first chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee and helped author the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution,[11][12] while Leahy (who chaired the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, Senate Judiciary Committee, and Senate Appropriations Committee) is, as of 2026[update], the longest-serving senator from Vermont.[13][11]
Other Vermont senators include Justin Morrill, the namesake of the Morrill Land-Grant Acts and the longest serving chair of the Senate Committee on Finance;[11] and Bernie Sanders, chairman of the Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs and Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions[11] and the longest-serving independent in U.S. congressional history.[14]
| Class I senator | Congress | Class III senator | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moses Robinson (AA) | 2nd (1791–1793) | Stephen R. Bradley (AA) | ||
| 3rd (1793–1795) | ||||
| Moses Robinson (DR) | 4th (1795–1797) | Elijah Paine (F)[a] | ||
| Isaac Tichenor (F)[b] | ||||
| 5th (1797–1799) | ||||
| Nathaniel Chipman (F) | ||||
| 6th (1799–1801) | ||||
| 7th (1801–1803) | ||||
| Stephen R. Bradley (DR) | ||||
| Israel Smith (DR)[c] | 8th (1803–1805) | |||
| 9th (1805–1807) | ||||
| 10th (1807–1809) | ||||
| Jonathan Robinson (DR) | ||||
| 11th (1809–1811) | ||||
| 12th (1811–1813) | ||||
| 13th (1813–1815) | Dudley Chase (DR)[d] | |||
| Isaac Tichenor (F) | 14th (1815–1817) | |||
| 15th (1817–1819) | ||||
| James Fisk (DR)[e] | ||||
| William A. Palmer (DR) | ||||
| 16th (1819–1821) | ||||
| Horatio Seymour (DR) | 17th (1821–1823) | |||
| 18th (1823–1825) | ||||
| Horatio Seymour (NR) | 19th (1825–1827) | Dudley Chase (NR) | ||
| 20th (1827–1829) | ||||
| 21st (1829–1831) | ||||
| 22nd (1831–1833) | Samuel Prentiss (NR) | |||
| Benjamin Swift (NR) | 23rd (1833–1835) | |||
| 24th (1835–1837) | ||||
| Benjamin Swift (W) | 25th (1837–1839) | Samuel Prentiss (W)[f] | ||
| Samuel S. Phelps (W) | 26th (1839–1841) | |||
| 27th (1841–1843) | ||||
| Samuel C. Crafts (W) | ||||
| 28th (1843–1845) | William Upham (W) | |||
| 29th (1845–1847) | ||||
| 30th (1847–1849) | ||||
| 31st (1849–1851) | ||||
| Solomon Foot (W) | 32nd (1851–1853) | |||
| 33rd (1853–1855) | Samuel S. Phelps (W) | |||
| Lawrence Brainerd (FS) | ||||
| Solomon Foot (R) | 34th (1855–1857) | Jacob Collamer (R)[g] | ||
| 35th (1857–1859) | ||||
| 36th (1859–1861) | ||||
| 37th (1861–1863) | ||||
| 38th (1863–1865) | ||||
| 39th (1865–1867) | ||||
| George F. Edmunds (R) | Luke P. Poland (R) | |||
| 40th (1867–1869) | Justin S. Morrill (R)[h] | |||
| 41st (1869–1871) | ||||
| 42nd (1871–1873) | ||||
| 43rd (1873–1875) | ||||
| 44th (1875–1877) | ||||
| 45th (1877–1879) | ||||
| 46th (1879–1881) | ||||
| 47th (1881–1883) | ||||
| 48th (1883–1885) | ||||
| 49th (1885–1887) | ||||
| 50th (1887–1889) | ||||
| 51st (1889–1891) | ||||
| 52nd (1891–1893) | ||||
| Redfield Proctor (R) | ||||
| 53rd (1893–1895) | ||||
| 54th (1895–1897) | ||||
| 55th (1897–1899) | ||||
| Jonathan Ross (R)[i] | ||||
| 56th (1899–1901) | ||||
| William P. Dillingham (R)[j] | ||||
| 57th (1901–1903) | ||||
| 58th (1903–1905) | ||||
| 59th (1905–1907) | ||||
| 60th (1907–1909) | ||||
| John Wolcott Stewart (R) | ||||
| Carroll S. Page (R) | ||||
| 61st (1909–1911) | ||||
| 62nd (1911–1913) | ||||
| 63rd (1913–1915) | ||||
| 64th (1915–1917) | ||||
| 65th (1917–1919) | ||||
| 66th (1919–1921) | ||||
| 67th (1921–1923) | ||||
| Frank L. Greene (R)[k] | 68th (1923–1925) | |||
| Porter H. Dale (R)[l] | ||||
| 69th (1925–1927) | ||||
| 70th (1927–1929) | ||||
| 71st (1929–1931) | ||||
| Frank C. Partridge (R)[m] | ||||
| 72nd (1931–1933) | ||||
| Warren Austin (R)[n] | ||||
| 73rd (1933–1935) | ||||
| Ernest W. Gibson (R)[o] | ||||
| 74th (1935–1937) | ||||
| 75th (1937–1939) | ||||
| 76th (1939–1941) | ||||
| Ernest W. Gibson Jr. (R) | ||||
| 77th (1941–1943) | George Aiken (R) | |||
| 78th (1943–1945) | ||||
| 79th (1945–1947) | ||||
| Ralph Flanders (R) | ||||
| 80th (1947–1949) | ||||
| 81st (1949–1951) | ||||
| 82nd (1951–1953) | ||||
| 83rd (1953–1955) | ||||
| 84th (1955–1957) | ||||
| 85th (1957–1959) | ||||
| Winston L. Prouty (R)[p] | 86th (1959–1961) | |||
| 87th (1961–1963) | ||||
| 88th (1963–1965) | ||||
| 89th (1965–1967) | ||||
| 90th (1967–1969) | ||||
| 91st (1969–1971) | ||||
| 92nd (1971–1973) | ||||
| Robert Stafford (R) | ||||
| 93rd (1973–1975) | ||||
| 94th (1975–1977) | Patrick Leahy (D) | |||
| 95th (1977–1979) | ||||
| 96th (1979–1981) | ||||
| 97th (1981–1983) | ||||
| 98th (1983–1985) | ||||
| 99th (1985–1987) | ||||
| 100th (1987–1989) | ||||
| Jim Jeffords (R) | 101st (1989–1991) | |||
| 102nd (1991–1993) | ||||
| 103rd (1993–1995) | ||||
| 104th (1995–1997) | ||||
| 105th (1997–1999) | ||||
| 106th (1999–2001) | ||||
| 107th (2001–2003) | ||||
| Jim Jeffords (I) | ||||
| 108th (2003–2005) | ||||
| 109th (2005–2007) | ||||
| Bernie Sanders (I) | 110th (2007–2009) | |||
| 111th (2009–2011) | ||||
| 112th (2011–2013) | ||||
| 113th (2013–2015) | ||||
| 114th (2015–2017) | ||||
| 115th (2017–2019) | ||||
| 116th (2019–2021) | ||||
| 117th (2021–2023) | ||||
| 118th (2023–2025) | Peter Welch (D) | |||
| 119th (2025–2027) | ||||
U.S. House of Representatives
Current representative
Vermont used at-large seats, but restored the districts in 1821. Starting after the 1820 United States census, Vermont had five seats. Initially it used at-large seats, but starting in 1825 those seats were districted. All five representatives supported the Adams-Clay faction in the 1824 United States presidential election.
Starting after the 1840 United States census, Vermont had four seats. Starting after the 1850 United States census, Vermont had three seats. Starting after the 1880 United States census, Vermont had two seats. Since 1933, Vermont has had one at-large seat.
1791–1813
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district | 4th district |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2nd (1791–1793) | Israel Smith (AA) | Nathan Niles (AA) | ||
| 3rd (1793–1795) | ||||
| 4th (1795–1797) | Israel Smith (DR) | Daniel Buck (F) | ||
| 5th (1797–1799) | Matthew Lyon (DR) | Lewis R. Morris (F) | ||
| 6th (1799–1801) | ||||
| 7th (1801–1803) | Israel Smith (DR) | |||
| 8th (1803–1805) | Gideon Olin (DR) | James Elliott (F) | William Chamberlain (F) | Martin Chittenden (F) |
| 9th (1805–1807) | James Fisk (DR) | |||
| 10th (1807–1809) | James Witherell (DR) | |||
| Samuel Shaw (DR) | ||||
| 11th (1809–1811) | Jonathan H. Hubbard (F) | William Chamberlain (F) | ||
| 12th (1811–1813) | William Strong (DR) | James Fisk (DR) |
1813–1823
| Congress | At-large seat A | At-large seat B | At-large seat C | At-large seat D | At-large seat E | At-large seat F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13th (1813–1815) | William C. Bradley (DR) | William Strong (DR) | James Fisk (DR) | Charles Rich (DR) | Richard Skinner (DR) | Ezra Butler (DR) |
| 14th (1815–1817) | Daniel Chipman (F) | Luther Jewett (F) | Chauncey Langdon (F) | Asa Lyon (F) | Charles Marsh (F) | John Noyes (F) |
| 15th (1817–1819) | Orsamus Cook Merrill (DR) | Mark Richards (DR) | Charles Rich (DR) | Heman Allen (DR) | Samuel C. Crafts (DR) | William Hunter (DR) |
| 16th (1819–1821) | William Strong (DR) | Ezra Meech (DR) | ||||
| Rollin Carolas Mallary (DR) | ||||||
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district | 4th district | 5th district | 6th district |
| 17th (1821–1823) | Rollin Carolas Mallary (DR) | Phineas White (DR) | Charles Rich (DR) | Elias Keyes (DR) | Samuel C. Crafts (DR) | John Mattocks (DR) |
1823–1825
| Congress | At-large seat A | At-large seat B | At-large seat C | At-large seat D | At-large seat E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18th (1823–1825) | William C. Bradley (DR) | Rollin Carolas Mallary (DR) | Samuel C. Crafts (DR) | Henry Olin (DR) | D. Azro A. Buck (DR) |
1825–1933
1933–present
| Congress | At-large representative |
|---|---|
| 73rd (1933–1935) | Ernest W. Gibson (R) |
| Charles A. Plumley (R) | |
| 74th (1935–1937) | |
| 75th (1937–1939) | |
| 76th (1939–1941) | |
| 77th (1941–1943) | |
| 78th (1943–1945) | |
| 79th (1945–1947) | |
| 80th (1947–1949) | |
| 81st (1949–1951) | |
| 82nd (1951–1953) | Winston L. Prouty (R) |
| 83rd (1953–1955) | |
| 84th (1955–1957) | |
| 85th (1957–1959) | |
| 86th (1959–1961) | William H. Meyer (D) |
| 87th (1961–1963) | Robert Stafford (R) |
| 88th (1963–1965) | |
| 89th (1965–1967) | |
| 90th (1967–1969) | |
| 91st (1969–1971) | |
| 92nd (1971–1973) | |
| Richard W. Mallary (R) | |
| 93rd (1973–1975) | |
| 94th (1975–1977) | Jim Jeffords (R) |
| 95th (1977–1979) | |
| 96th (1979–1981) | |
| 97th (1981–1983) | |
| 98th (1983–1985) | |
| 99th (1985–1987) | |
| 100th (1987–1989) | |
| 101st (1989–1991) | Peter Plympton Smith (R) |
| 102nd (1991–1993) | Bernie Sanders (I) |
| 103rd (1993–1995) | |
| 104th (1995–1997) | |
| 105th (1997–1999) | |
| 106th (1999–2001) | |
| 107th (2001–2003) | |
| 108th (2003–2005) | |
| 109th (2005–2007) | |
| 110th (2007–2009) | Peter Welch (D) |
| 111th (2009–2011) | |
| 112th (2011–2013) | |
| 113th (2013–2015) | |
| 114th (2015–2017) | |
| 115th (2017–2019) | |
| 116th (2019–2021) | |
| 117th (2021–2023) | |
| 118th (2023–2025) | Becca Balint (D) |
| 119th (2025–2027) |
Notes
- Senator Paine resigned from the Senate on September 1, 1801, to serve as the United States district judge for the District of Vermont.[15]
- Senator Tichenor served from October 17, 1791, following the resignation of his predecessor, Jonathan Robinson, to October 15, 1796, when he resigned from the Senate to serve as the Governor of Vermont.[16][17]: 175
- Senator Smith served from March 4, 1803, to October 1, 1807, when he resigned from the Senate to serve as the Governor of Vermont.[18]
- Senator Chase resigned from the Senate on November 3, 1817, to serve as the chief justice of the Vermont Supreme Court.[19]
- Senator Fisk served from November 4, 1817, following the resignation of his predecessor, Dudley Chase, to January 8, 1818, when he resigned from the Senate to serve as the Collector of Customs for the district of Vermont.[20]
- Senator Prentiss resigned from the Senate on April 11, 1842, to serve as the United States district judge for the District of Vermont.[21][22]
- Senator Ross served from January 11, 1899, appointed following the death of his predecessor, Justin S. Morrill, to October 18, 1900, when William P. Dillingham was elected as Greene's successor.[25]
- Senator Dillingham served from October 18, 1900, elected following the death of Justin S. Morrill, to July 12, 1923, when he died in office.[26]
- Senator Dale served from November 6, 1923, elected following the death of his predecessor, William P. Dillingham, to October 6, 1933, when he died in office.[28]
- Senator Partridge served from December 23, 1930, appointed following the death of his predecessor, Frank L. Greene, to March 31, 1931, when Warren Austin was elected as Greene's successor.[29]
- Senator Austin served from March 31, 1931, elected following the death of Frank L. Greene, to August 2, 1946, when he resigned from the Senate to serve as the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations.[30]
- Senator Gibson served from January 16, 1934, elected following the death of his predecessor, Porter H. Dale, to June 20, 1940, when he died in office.[31]
