Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Visual arts

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Parenthetical vs. natural disambiguation for public sculptures

"If further disambiguation is needed, because there is more than one sculpture of the same person with an article, then disambiguation by location rather than the sculptor is usually better. This may be done either as "Statue of Fred Foo (Chicago)" (typically preferred for North America) or "Statue of Fred Foo, Glasgow" (typically preferred elsewhere)."

This is immensely silly. We should pick one disambiguation scheme and stick with it. There is zero reason to have NA be different from every other part of the world. voorts (talk/contributions) 16:53, 19 January 2026 (UTC)

@Voorts I think this is an area for "live and let live": this is an internaftional encyclopedia, and different conventions are used in different topical or geographical areas. There will be inconsistencies. Provide redirects as necessary, and all will be well. PamD 17:54, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
I'm fine with different conventions [being] used in different topical or geographical areas if there's a good reason for the distinction. There's no good reason for this distinction that I can see. There's nothing inherent in British vs. North American English that calls for natural vs. parenthetical disambiguation that I'm aware of. voorts (talk/contributions) 17:56, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
This is the sort of PAG that makes things needlessly complicated. We should follow WP:CONSISTENT here unless there's a really good reason to use different forms of disambiguation based on location. voorts (talk/contributions) 17:58, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
Notified: Wikipedia talk:Article titles. voorts (talk/contributions) 16:56, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
Also notified Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Disambiguation#Discussion at MOS:VA PamD 17:59, 19 January 2026 (UTC)>
Note that this is sparked by the debacle at Talk:Statue of Christopher Columbus, London. voorts (talk/contributions) 16:54, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
Pick one and use it consistently. I don't have a strong opinion on which should be used, but redirects from one form to the other should be encouraged. Thryduulf (talk) 18:00, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
There was extensive discussion of this some time ago (it'd take some sleuthing to locate the archive), but as I recall, it was impossible to establish consensus to default to one or the other resulting in the current wiffle-waffle. olderwiser 18:20, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
As your signature says, older ≠ wiser. voorts (talk/contributions) 18:58, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
What Pam says. This was I think decided on to reflect the most typical existing usages. It doesn't matter too much, & is hardly worth changing lots of articles. Are you volunteering to do this, voorts? Johnbod (talk) 19:10, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
It's something a bot could easily handle. voorts (talk/contributions) 19:12, 19 January 2026 (UTC)

@Voorts and PamD: Thank you both for your notifications of other talk pages, because this affects more than just artworks. It applies to buildings, too; cf. the United Kingdom and United States sections of, e.g., St. Mary's Church (disambiguation) or Saint John's College (disambiguation). I've never seen the discussions which led to this state of affairs, but I could see why parenthetical disambiguation might be preferred for the US in particular because something like St. Mary's Church, New Haven, Connecticut might seem to have an excessive number of commas, whereas I don't think St John's College (Cambridge) and the like would usually be written that way. Ham II (talk) 19:24, 19 January 2026 (UTC)

One of those things that's always been the case. Natural disambiguation, in my opinion, is to use commas (that's what we use when writing out addresses, after all). But North American editors seem to prefer parentheses. Best to leave well alone as we're not going to get consensus (and I for one would argue strongly against the imposition of parenthetical disambiguation across the board, as probably would other editors against comma disambiguation). It doesn't actually matter. -- Necrothesp (talk) 12:28, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

It matters because it causes dumb back and forth moves because nobody can possibly know every single naming convention, particularly when they make arbitrary distinctions. There's nothing inherent about the US or the UK that demands this distinction. voorts (talk/contributions) 14:13, 21 January 2026 (UTC)
You came here asking for feedback on your idea. Visual arts and architecture editors gave you their two cents - this a "live and let live" situation, there's no harm done in allowing different styles based on different countries' general usage patterns. What do you hope to gain from litigating the individual responses here? 19h00s (talk) 14:17, 21 January 2026 (UTC)
I came here to discuss the issue, not to passively take in other's views. Editors have said it's a "live-and-let-live" situation, but nobody has offered any evidence of that other than distant memories of some sort of past discussion. voorts (talk/contributions) 15:07, 21 January 2026 (UTC)
You're right, I don't see anyone offering evidence; what I do see is consensus against making a change. I agree on the whole with what has already been said: this is a non-issue. There are indeed subtle but noticeable differences in geographical grammar and syntax preference between countries/regions, and I for one am not of the mind that we should apply a universal style. And speaking pragmatically, I doubt we would ever be able to come to a consensus on one style or another; this doesn't seem like it's worth the significant energy it would require.
Candidly, I think I interpreted your comments and word choices more aggressively than you intended them; I apologize for coming off a bit strong in my response. But I do think this is a needless change. 19h00s (talk) 17:03, 21 January 2026 (UTC)
Thryduulf at the very least agrees with me. I get that most people in this discussion so far disagree, but it seems like many are RM/AT regulars and sometimes it's good to have someone come in from outside to give their perspective. I'd like to see if anyone else weighs in and then decide on further steps. voorts (talk/contributions) 17:25, 21 January 2026 (UTC)
I don't have evidence of when the broader convention was established, but this is the discussion in 2019 that led to the passage in MOS:ART quoted at the top of this section: Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Visual arts/Archive 1 § Disambiguation by location: parentheses or commas? The broader convention was already in place by then; it would be good to have clarity on how and when it came about. I've always had an unfounded hunch that the article titles for Oxbridge colleges contributed to the preference for commas for British topics (hence my example above of St John's College, Cambridge), because those articles would have existed from very early on in Wikipedia's history. Ham II (talk) 18:06, 21 January 2026 (UTC)
Some lengthy discussion from 2017 here (albeit between only three users): Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (geographic names)/Archive 4 § What are, or should be, the disambiguation guidelines for buildings? Public sculptures as well as buildings were brought up in that discussion. Again, the "parentheses for North America, commas for elsewhere" convention was already in place. Ham II (talk) 07:07, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
And from 2015: Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (geographic names)/Archive 3 § Is there a "British English style" for buildings?. (Also this, which I think is less relevant: Wikipedia talk:Disambiguation/Archive 43 § What is a "place"?) Ham II (talk) 07:26, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
Railway stations, unlike other buildings, are apparently disambiguated with brackets (parentheses) even outside North America: Victoria railway station (Ireland), Georgetown railway station (Scotland), Luxembourg station (Paris) (surprised that isn't something with Gare du Luxembourg). But not in Australasia: Croydon railway station, Melbourne; Waitara railway station, New Zealand. I got these by going through Wikipedia:WikiProject Stations/Station names. Ham II (talk) 07:36, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
WP:CHURCH, which only has the status of an essay, recommends comma-separated disambiguation for church buildings: "The name of the location of the building should be used without brackets and should be separated from the building's name with a comma: St. Mark's Church, Zagreb rather than St. Mark's Church (Zagreb)." (Added in this edit of 2019.) But this is widely ignored for buildings in North America, as we have seen with St. Mary's Church (disambiguation). Ideally, WP:CHURCH should be spun off into a proposal for a dedicated Wikipedia:Naming conventions (church buildings) addressing this issue. A proposal reflecting the current practice would, I suspect, recommend parenthetical disambiguation for North America and comma-separated disambiguation for the rest of the world, as MOS:ART currently does. Ham II (talk) 08:19, 31 May 2026 (UTC)
  • Use parentheses across the board (globe): We use commas for locations that resemble or are addresses (“Paris, Texas”), not for all things that exist in a physical location. Everything else gets a parenthetical. However, per Thryduulf (”Pick one and use it consistently”), I am happy to give up my preference in favor of either option with consistency.  HTGS (talk) 22:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

RfC: Disambiguation of public sculptures

Should Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Visual arts#Works of art state that article titles for public sculptures with the same name (e.g., Statue of Christopher Columbus (Johnston, Rhode Island) or Statue of Christopher Columbus, London) be disambiguated using parentheses or commas, or should we retain the status quo, which states that parenthetical disambiguation should be used in North America and commas for the rest of the world. 21:47, 14 April 2026 (UTC)

Notified: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Visual arts. voorts (talk/contributions) 01:36, 15 April 2026 (UTC)

Survey

  • Parentheses for consistency with WP:NC(). voorts (talk/contributions) 21:47, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
    See also my comments above. Local/regional variations of English spelling/grammar/style are fine. This use of parens vs. commas does not appear to be one of them. voorts (talk/contributions) 12:33, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    I would also be fine with commas if there's consensus for that. voorts (talk/contributions) 15:48, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Status quo as per the long discussion just above. Johnbod (talk) 22:03, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Status quo. Having re-read the discussion above, I'm now of the opinion that this is a solution in search of a problem. Whatever the outcome of this discussion, redirects from the whatever form(s) are not chosen allow everybody to find what they are looking for with ease. Thryduulf (talk) 22:10, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
    The "problem" in my opinion is lack of consistency and an arbitrary distinction being made between different parts of the world. Consistency across guidelines makes them easier for all editors to follow. voorts (talk/contributions) 22:29, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
  • (Like this) I never heard of disambiguation being done with commas in this manner. The only time I think we disambiguate with commas is with place names (i.e. London vs London, Ontario). Aasim (話すはなす) 01:09, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Status quo: as per previous discussions. Readers don't expect total uniformity but are used to the parentheses/commas variation as in placenames, just as they see both "colour" and "color" and both "14 April 2026" and "April 14, 2026". PamD 05:19, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Status quo (Summoned by bot) I'm now of the opinion that this is a solution in search of a problem per Thryduulf. We already (rightly) live with inconsistent (local) spellings, based partly on cultural linkage, so inconsistent punctuation usually respecting local norms seems no big deal. Pincrete (talk) 06:19, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    I'm not aware of any local norms regarding disambiguation of statues outside of this one bullet point on this one page on Wikipedia. Are you aware of such a norm existing elsewhere? voorts (talk/contributions) 12:21, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    I've just been looking further into the situation in New Zealand. Wikipedia:Naming conventions (New Zealand) § Disambiguation of New Zealand place names seems to boil down to "commas for populated places, brackets for non-populated places (which seems to mean natural geographical features), commas for (man-made) features within populated places", and some further guidelines for when multiple places in New Zealand share a name. This seems to be a good description of the current practice that results in man-made landmarks having comma-separated disambiguation, and that page is the only one for country-specific naming conventions I've found which addresses the issue (unless you count MOS:JAPAN, which implies that train stations should use parentheses). Ham II (talk) 07:00, 16 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Parentheses everywhere. Nothing makes sculptures special such that we should depart from common practice and recommend an ill-suited alternative disambiguation, and the distinction between North America and everything else is ridiculous. Commas are supposed to be for place names and sculptures are not places. Toadspike [Talk] 09:59, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Parentheses per Toadspike. Having a consistent style helps the readers, which are the people to whom the project is destined. Chaotic Enby (talk · contribs) 11:49, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Any style that's used consistently. I don't have a particularly strong opinion on whether parentheses or commas are preferable; if forced to choose, I'd probably pick parentheses, but if commas achieved consensus I wouldn't complain. That said, I think using different syntax based on region is needlessly overcomplicated; it flies in the face of WP:CONSISTENT and could easily confuse readers. I'm not convinced there's an ENGVAR/local norms issue involved; as a North American myself, neither style feels intuitively more or less correct than the other to me. ModernDayTrilobite (talkcontribs) 13:31, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Take this to a higher level, and until then keep the status quo. This issue affects a wider range of article titles than just those for public sculptures. Earlier in this discussion I tried to find out when the general (but not universal) preference for brackets in North America and commas for the rest of the world came about, and the best I could do was to find was that it was already in place in 2015. It doesn't seem to have been expressed anywhere in a guideline except here on MOS:ART (since 2019). There should be a wider RfC on whether this practice still has broad support, and if there is consensus for it that should be formalised by having it put in a guideline; guidance at MOS:ART should then follow from that. Railway stations currently do their own thing, disambiguating with brackets everywhere except Australia and New Zealand (see above), and this would be an opportunity to rationalise that anomaly as well. Ham II (talk) 18:13, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    Is there actually a guideline on the differing uses for railway stations? I don't see why that isn't something that can be addressed elsewhere. Railway stations etc. simply aren't covered by this guideline. voorts (talk/contributions) 21:49, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    There is no global convention for naming railway-related articles. Local usage varies significantly (I've heard it said that this is the topic where British and American English are most divergent, although I have no idea if it's true) so we've arrived a series of regional guidelines over the years (I was responsible for expanding the London convention to cover the UK, circa 2005), some of which have been inspired by others, some of which haven't. AFAIK the issue of parentheses vs commas has never been considered on a global scale. Thryduulf (talk) 21:53, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Either one as long as it is consistent. As far as I'm concerned that particular part of MOS:VA is a guideline coming into pretty clear conflict with policy, namely WP:CONSISTENT.
    Personally, if there are essentially equally correct options to pick between I'm personally always going to be for having consistency, unless there are additional consideration for regional norms, which may or may not justify inconsistency (color/colour etc.).although even then I think it'd be better if one is chosen for use in article titles, with the other English variety having another word use it's favoured spelling in article titles Unless somebody can give a strong argument in favour of that being the case here I think such inconsistency is simply unencyclopedic.
    And to those who say this is a solution in search of a problem I have to ask: if it's not that deep then why are you opposing it? If it's not a big deal, just allow the "solution" to be implemented so we don't have to waste more time discussing it it again later down the line. Also, tiny things like commas and parenthesis in article titles do cost a non-negligible amount of WP:RM volunteer resources to deal with, and having strange little idiosyncrasies like this one ends up both generating more of that work and making it harder to do.
    I don't care which one we pick, but can we please pick one? ⹃Maltazarian parleyinvestigate 21:36, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
      • The only thing costing "a non-negligible amount of WP:RM volunteer resources to deal with" is the endless debates on this. Neither style is mandated at present, how does this use editor time? Are you one of the editors affected? Johnbod (talk) 15:39, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
        It uses editor time because people file requested moves which have to be discussed and closed, and I wasn't saying that this guideline in particular is causing some RM crisis but rather that, knowing many requested moves happen for small things like this, it is undesirable to have things in the rules that are likely to generate such requested moves as many editors are unlikely to be aware of conventions like that a statue in Canada should use one style, but the park the statue is in a different one, which is also the style that a statue in Japan should use.
        Also I fully agree that debates over things like this one isn't the best way to spend editor time, and that's why I'm saying just pick one already. It's really not that deep. This is not important enough for us to bend over backwards to maintain arcane conventions that only serve to confuse readers and add to the amount of guidelines an editor needs to remember. I just can't see how this guideline is supposed to be improving the encyclopedia. ⹃Maltazarian parleyinvestigate 16:14, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Broaden scope: per Ham, this affects more than just sculptures (e.g. buildings like custom houses) and so probably needs to be broader in scope to be worthwhile. Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 21:38, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    Buildings aren't covered by this guideline. voorts (talk/contributions) 21:50, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    The argument is that we should create a guideline that does cover both. Thryduulf (talk) 21:55, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    But if the issue is inconsistency, why only address one (at a time) rather than all at once? Are people specifically not ok with inconsistency regarding statue names, but have a different opinion on churches? Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 22:06, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    It's possible. WP:PLACEDAB is an entirely different guideline and there may be relevant distinctions meaning that we should use parantheticals for one and commas for the other. voorts (talk/contributions) 23:39, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • WP:PARENDIS is our default disambiguation and one quite easily understood by readers. The above discussion doesn't explain why some areas have deviated from that. Parentheses have the benefit of being a bit more flexible, if additional forms of disambiguation are required. That all said, consider this a support of a general guideline/principle going forward given the RfC question has been raised, it doesn't raise to an issue requiring an immediate mass move. CMD (talk) 15:28, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Commas - as I've said above, I favour the status quo, but if we must choose a single style, it should be commas, as more natural. Johnbod (talk) 15:39, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Any change to the rules for disambiguating things by location needs to be extended to consider buildings such as churches, hospitals, bridges, streets, etc. And thus needs input from a lot of people not particularly interested in public art but very interested in churches, hospitals, etc. It seems pointless to try to make a major change, which could involve moving hundreds, probably thousands, of articles, for just one category of "non-place" articles. PamD 16:58, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
    Why? This would essentially immunize this one guideline from change unless the other discussion doesn't trainwreck. That's not how we generally amend PAGs. voorts (talk/contributions) 17:02, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
    I have to agree with voorts here. This MOS explicitly carves out a convention that applies to visual arts. This is the question we're dealing with right now, and I don't think creating a big mess of an RfC over something like this is going to be particularly constructive anyways. ⹃Maltazarian parleyinvestigate 18:15, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
    It only appears to carve out a convention for the visual arts (more specifically, public commemorative sculpture) because the convention hasn't been codified elsewhere, with the possible exception of WP:NCNZ. If we only look at the public sculptures we'll create another carved out naming convention, as I would argue exists for railway stations. Ham II (talk) 18:51, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
    I know it's uncodified elsewhere, but that doesn't account for much. The thing is if you don't codify some convention then the articles that it applies to are subject to having codified conventions overrule them. Technically speaking, articles like that are intentionally inconsistent under an uncodified convention can be sent to WP:RM with a WP:CONSISTENCY + WP:PARENDIS argument and it's valid. Now I can imagine just how well a person bringing an entire category of articles up for a requested move like that, but I'm not sure there's any backing in PAGs to oppose it, other than WP:IAR of course. ⹃Maltazarian parleyinvestigate 19:53, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Parentheses. Arguably the distinction comes down to whether the subject (the statue) is treated as a thing or a place. We use parentheses to disambiguate everything but for places, which are more easily understood as akin to a postal address. This comma style can also extend to buildings, and arguably statues can likewise be seen as landmarks (places), but in this case I believe we should treat statues primarily as public art (thing, parentheses), rather than public landmark (place, comma). Either way though, there is no reason that some countries should treat statues as art, while others treat them as landmarks. (In case it is not clear: Like others, I am happy enough with commas if that brings more consistency.)  HTGS (talk) 08:00, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Parentheses. Per HTGS and Toadspike, commas conventionally imply a hierarchy of place. We may need to disambiguate based on all sorts of contextual factors that may not be reducible to such a hierarchy, and parentheses provide more freedom to do so without confusion. Named places are correlated with human occupancy, roughly. We might speak metonymically of the Columbus statue when we mean the plaza around it—but we can speak literally of occupying the places in list of tallest statues. If the thing isn't itself treated as a geographical place, then either broaden the article scope to the surroundings, or accept that it is more thing than place. TheFeds 10:05, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Commas, with a second choice of retain-style first editor's pick. Consistency is overrated and not that big of a deal, but statues and buildings are closer to locations (as they don't really move around). So if we must pick, then WP:NATURAL disambiguation works fine here, it's totally understandable in a US context to say "XYZ, Montana". Otherwise, who cares, just defer to the article creator's pick akin to RETAIN for varieties of English. It doesn't matter, both styles work, both styles are understandable. SnowFire (talk) 04:32, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
    If commas, should a North American one like Statue of Christopher Columbus (Norwalk, Connecticut) be Statue of Christopher Columbus, Norwalk or Statue of Christopher Columbus, Norwalk, Connecticut? Bearing in mind also that we could hypothetically have an article for a statue of Fred Foo in, say, Portland, Maine, and another article for a statue of him in Portland, Oregon. Ham II (talk) 06:05, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
    I would defer to the article creator and presume that we'd match the current usage, so "Norwalk, Connecticut". Usually this would match the Wikipedia article title on the city. So I think Statue of Fred Foo, Portland, Maine and Statue of Fred Foo, Portland, Oregon are fine, yes. SnowFire (talk) 13:21, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
    Consistency is overrated and not that big of a deal. It's a policy. No other NC has us defer to the article creator and I don't see a good reason to start now. There's been no valid RETAIN argument made here since these conventions aren't actually rooted in any differences between English varieties, rather than the weird idiosyncrasies of Wikipedia editors from a decade ago. voorts (talk/contributions) 13:33, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
    To clarify - I'm absolutely not saying that this is "rooted in differences between English varieties". I'm actually agreeing with you that this is not really being a variety-of-English issue here, hence saying a second choice of "initial / main editor's pick" rather than "status quo" (where the status quo DOES treat this as location-related). I said "akin to RETAIN", so what I'm trying to endorse is more the Wikipedia philosophy behind RETAIN, of "trust the main editor to do their thing and then stand by it, and don't allow people convinced they've discovered the One True Variety of English to run around 'fixing' things." I don't think parens vs. natural is that important, so if there's strife, just... live and let live. Editor time is more valuable than solving which disambiguation style is "better". That's what I mean. SnowFire (talk) 13:59, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
    WP:RETAIN does not apply, as disambiguation is not a variety-of-English issue but an issue of navigational style, and specifically a MediaWiki-imposed style; a necessary outcome of the nature of the software. (I oppose deferring to the article creator as a general rule too, as this is a collaborative and communal project, and not just staking a claim to a page.)  HTGS (talk) 23:32, 11 May 2026 (UTC)
    As the discussion above shows, it is at least partly "a variety-of-English issue". Johnbod (talk) 00:11, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
    Can you point it out to me? I don’t think I’ve seen anyone suggest that American style and British style demand different types of disambiguation, and it would surprise me if that were the case. What I have seen a lot of is the “changing things now would be an awful bit of bother, wouldn’t it?” sort of argument, and I am quite opposed to that sort of thing (see my previous comment).  HTGS (talk) 01:32, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
    I suggest you read this and the various preceding discussions, which I'm afraid I can't be bothered to do for your benefit. But do you think the Brit/American divergence reflected in the current wording came from nowhere? It's not really a case of "demand", but what seems natural. You won't find it in an external style guide, I'd imagine. Johnbod (talk) 02:03, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
    I disagree that we should create distinctions between Brit/Am English if they do not exist externally (in the real world). I also disagree that the Brit/Am divergence came from somewhere meaningful, and instead it seems to have arisen by accident from two sets of editors who, presumably without malice, did not notice that their articles were setting different styles. I see no reason to perpetuate a lack of consistency or collaboration.  HTGS (talk) 06:15, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
    I found the previous discussion so you don’t have to (you’re welcome): Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Visual arts/Archive 1#Disambiguation by location: parentheses or commas? (2019)
    Per Ham II: My impression is that brackets are used more often for disambiguation in US-related topics, commas for UK-related topics, and that there is no particular pattern for the rest of the world. I don't know why this is and I doubt it's a genuine case of WP:ENGVAR
    It’s clear from that discussion and this one that there was never a good reason to divide them, and the only reason to keep them divided is “we’ve just always done it that way.” And as I said, that’s not a good reason to create arbitrary inconsistency.  HTGS (talk) 06:24, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
    There's a fundamental misunderstanding here as to how languages, and especially English, work. It has been universally accepted for decades that the over-riding principle is usage, which can vary between international areas. It's no good complaining that you can't see a reason for differences, and 'all genuine cases of WP:ENGVAR' arise this way, annoying as you may find them. The reason why "two sets of editors who, presumably without malice, did not notice that their articles were setting different styles" is that their natural usages were different, and various good resons have been advanced, relating to the different way places names etc work, as to why this is so. This is the very definition of an ENGVAR difference. Johnbod (talk) 14:38, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
    @Johnbod I am not “complaining”, I am telling you—softly, in my polite and hedging dialect—that there is no reason for Wikipedia to create a new ENGVAR from internal community happenstance.
    1) Style is not subject to MOS:ENGVAR. Off the top of your head you can think of many styles where the form Wikipedia uses is a regional one. For example: whether to put punctuation inside or outside of quote marks.
    2) Wikipedia does not create its own variations of English internally. Where variations in English exist in the real world we recognise them, but we do not recognise new variations that exist only on Wikipedia. Such divisions likely only involve a couple of people being deliberate about it, and a handful more going along because they don’t care to concern themselves. We are not Discord; we do not track and endorse new types of English variations merely because someone noticed them arise internally, and especially not without rhyme or reason.
    The impression I get from everywhere else on Wikipedia is that English speakers of all dialects are quite capable of using both commas (Dundas, Ontario, Duns, Scottish Borders) and parentheses (Berlin (band), German (parish)) to disambiguate. I have not yet been given reason or evidence for this regional distinction, other than the mere fact that it was enshrined (without theory or example) in 2019 and the current argument being roughly that “we should leave well alone.”  HTGS (talk) 01:15, 26 May 2026 (UTC)
    We seem to be going round in circles here. There is a long-recognised difference in the form of disam that comes naturally to editors using different versions of English. To me this shows an ENGVAR difference in usage, to you "it seems to have arisen by accident from two sets of editors" and "likely only involve a couple of people being deliberate about it", and various other belittling descriptions. It is pretty pointless to demand reasons for this or most other ENGVAR differences. Johnbod (talk) 16:56, 28 May 2026 (UTC)
    There is a long-recognised difference in the form of disam that comes naturally to editors using different versions of English.[citation needed] voorts (talk/contributions) 02:10, 29 May 2026 (UTC)
    Ha, ha! See above, and the the earlier discussions. Johnbod (talk) 02:58, 29 May 2026 (UTC)
    ENGVAR is not a rationale for setting any arbitrary style guideline in place and never changing it because somehow now you’ve decided it’s its own variety of English. You have to show that ENGVAR applies here.
    There is no evidence that this divide reflects any real world versions of English. We can see real world examples of colour vs color; we do not see real world examples of John Smith (London) and John Smith, New York.  HTGS (talk) 12:07, 31 May 2026 (UTC)

Discussion

  • Typically a wholly misleading description of the status quo in the nom; the text now is "This may be done either as "Statue of Fred Foo (Chicago)" (typically preferred for North America) or "Statue of Fred Foo, Glasgow" (typically preferred elsewhere)", NOT "...which states that parenthetical disambiguation should be used in North America and commas for the rest of the world"! Hopeless. Johnbod (talk) 22:03, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
    "Typically preferred" implies what editors should do in most cases, which is presumably why this is written into the guideline. Responding to your comment below, WP:RFCOPEN says to use a timestamp and RfCs are routinely opened without a signature. I also ask you to withdraw your comment calling this RfC POINTy. I had always intended to open an RfC on this issue, but forgot and was only reminded again when I saw this discussion after we started ours below regarding the other part of this MOS. voorts (talk/contributions) 22:27, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
    "Typically preferred" is clearly phrased to be a statement of what the current usage was. If we'd meant to be prescriptive we wouldn't have used that phrasing. Johnbod (talk) 00:20, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    It is treated as prescriptive, as the discussion preceding this RfC illustrates. voorts (talk/contributions) 00:45, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    I don't see that at all. The discussion leads to the conclusion to let sleeping dogs lie. You are welcome to suggest alternative wording. Johnbod (talk) 00:54, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • If we decide that "statues are not places" and that they should all be disambiguated in the same way, how far along the spectrum from statues and monuments to settlements would we go? Would we want to have consistent disambiguation for a street, a historic district within a city, or a church, or a large memorial? See City Hall (disambiguation), St. Mary's Church etc. PamD 16:45, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    The guideline here is only about public sculptures. I'm not (and I haven't seen anyone else) suggest we should change other AT guidelines. voorts (talk/contributions) 16:56, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
    My answer to "would we want to have a consistent disambiguation" is yes, we absolutely do. ⹃Maltazarian parleyinvestigate 21:59, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
  • Unless there is a flaw in my logic here then if we are to prefer one we should prefer commas:
Commas are universally used to disambiguate places, such as towns and cities. The only reason there is felt to be a need for brackets for American buildings or monuments is because, for whatever reason, there is often a second disambiguator given for these entities, as in "monument (town, state)". Other countries tend to only use one dab as in "monument, town". Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 17:05, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
The flaw in your logic is that nobody had made that argument for using parens in this discussion. My argument, for example, is that we should follow WP:NC(). voorts (talk/contributions) 17:09, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
That's not really an argument. It's more of a statement. Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 17:12, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
What? You wrote: The only reason there is felt to be a need for brackets for American buildings or monuments is because, for whatever reason, there is often a second disambiguator given for these entities, as in "monument (town, state)". (emphasis added) That is a strawman for several reasons. First, nobody in this discussion has made any arguments about why buildings should use parens. This MOS section doesn't cover buildings. Second, nobody has made the argument that we need to use parens because there is often a second disambiguator. In fact, I don't even know if that statement is true, so that's certainly not an argument I'm making. voorts (talk/contributions) 17:16, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
Brother please relax. Its not a strawman, I suggested it as the apparent logic behind place disambiguation format. If you think that no such logic exists, then that is fine. Perhaps it is just a coincidence that, in this area, America is the one place which consistently uses multiple dabs and also uses brackets for its dabs. Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 17:21, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
I am perfectly relaxed. A strawman, per our article on the term, "is the informal fallacy of refuting an argument different from the one actually under discussion, while not recognizing or acknowledging the distinction". That is what you are doing: inventing an argument for the use of parens that nobody has made, and contending that that argument should be rejected in favor of using commas. The problem is that nobody has made the argument that you are, as you stated, basing your "logic" on. voorts (talk/contributions) 17:25, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
Apart from that, there's no evidence that this statement is true: there is often a second disambiguator given for these entities, as in "monument (town, state)". Other countries tend to only use one dab as in "monument, town". voorts (talk/contributions) 17:27, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
There is indeed plenty of evidence. Have a glance at St. Mary's Church, or Statue of Christopher Columbus, or Custom House. Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 17:29, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
In fact I will grant you that, even if I'm right about the reasons brackets are used, it doesn't necessarily follow that the rest of the world should not fall in line with American usage, if in so doing we avoid weird multi-comma article names. But of course the third option of status quo (allowing variant formats) remains. Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 17:27, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
Or perhaps a fourth option: only use brackets for places that require multiple dabs. So that instead of Statue of Christopher Columbus (St. Louis) it would be Statue of Christopher Columbus, St. Louis, but we would keep Statue of Christopher Columbus (Norwalk, Connecticut) Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 17:32, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
(edit conflict) Whether or not anyone has expressed the logic before now, that seems to be what's going on here. WP:NC() says to uses parentheses when none of the other solutions lead to an optimal article title (and the previous section is about comma-separated disambiguation), not as a first recourse. Ham II (talk) 17:31, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
How is that what's going on here if literally nobody has adopted that logic? voorts (talk/contributions) 17:36, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
I say what I mean and mean what I say. If I had wanted to make the argument that's being straw manned, I would have. I assume others arguing for parens would have as well. voorts (talk/contributions) 17:37, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
(edit conflict with this comment) Voorts, I wasn't imputing that logic to you; I was saying that it appears to be the logic governing the use of parentheses much of the time in St. Mary's Church, or Statue of Christopher Columbus, Custom House, etc. Ham II (talk) 17:50, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
There tends to be a logic behind decision making, whether it is explicit or not. That's all I am trying ascertain. When people decided on brackets for American monuments, was it just completely at random, or was there some rationale behind it. That is not at all an attempt to reconstruct the argument of you or anyone in particular. In any case, no need to admonish people for suggesting a framework that you disagree with, just state your disagreement. Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 17:41, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
I have stated my disagreement. If you were trying to ascertain the logic from long ago, that wasn't particularly clear since what you in fact did was make an absolute statement that "the only reason for x is y". voorts (talk/contributions) 17:51, 17 April 2026 (UTC)
But that "absolute statement" was prefaced with "Unless there is a flaw in my logic here". It was a suggestion, that is all. You are free to reject it. All is well. Wh1pla5h99 (talk) 18:10, 17 April 2026 (UTC)

Citations for descriptions of artworks

Could others please help clarify the extent to which the "Description" section of an article about an artwork needs to be cited? The reason for the question is that I'm thinking of creating an article about a painting that is discussed by several secondary sources, but not (as far as I'm aware) described by any. This is not entirely surprising; it's a portrait, so saying "it shows X dude" would be a tad redundant. But that means that the "Description" section of the article would be hard pressed to come up with citations.

There is a precedent for descriptive sections of creative works not requiring citations. Per MOS:PLOTSOURCE, regarding works of fiction, The plot summary for a work, on a page about that work, does not need to be sourced with inline citations, as it is generally assumed that the work itself is the primary source for the plot summary. The idea is that this is a straightforward summary of a primary source; as the following sub-section then instructs, any analysis or interpretation should be cited.

On the one hand, the principle is the same here: Describing what one reads in a novel is similar to describing what one sees in a painting, so long as both are done without external interpretation. On the other hand, works of fiction perhaps lend themselves more to a linear description (X happens and then Y happens and then Z happens), whereas a description of a work of art requires viewing the entirely in one go.

Any thoughts would be appreciated. Thanks, --Usernameunique (talk) 18:35, 31 March 2026 (UTC)

If there's not much to say, you may not need a description section; you could just have a bit in the lead. But anything you do say ought to be cited; one can't really OR the appearance, expression or clothing beyond the most basic things. Johnbod (talk) 21:12, 31 March 2026 (UTC)
++ to Johnbod. There's a fundamental difference imo between describing written works or narrative, plot-based works, and describing visual art. You can't really describe, for example, van Gogh's The Starry Night as much more than "A nighttime scene of a village, a sky, and trees" without getting into original research and art criticism/analysis territory (e.g., identifying the trees in the image, describing the brush strokes or use of color, etc.). The nuance is the thing in this field, and that has to come from a secondary source, not from us as editors. 19h00s (talk) 21:20, 31 March 2026 (UTC)
Thanks, both. I agree it tends to be an issue with much more nuance. Describing The Starry Night would be much more difficult then, say, a basic spot painting by Damien Hirst, where the placement, size, and color, of the dots could be described without much danger of veering off into original interpretation. 19h00s, for the sake of discussion, would you answer change if the article were about this painting? On the one hand, I think a work like this would be safe to describe. On the other hand, it risks becoming a slippery slope; objectively describing even just a less-basic spot painting, such as this one, would be more difficult. --Usernameunique (talk) 15:46, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
Well, that's a print: "The 12 Woodcut Spots collection is a set of 12 prints by Damien Hirst created in 2010, each print varies between edition sizes of 24, 34 and 48", according to this gallery site, which I think illustrates the same one, & has useful interview quotes. It might be better to make an article about the series. Everyone seems happy to accept that they are indeed woodcuts, though I must say that seems a cumbersome way to create these images to me. Johnbod (talk) 16:05, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
Sure, but those distinctions don't change the fact that if one were to create an article about an individual basic spot painting (or print!), it would be much easier to describe than The Starry Night. --Usernameunique (talk) 16:20, 1 April 2026 (UTC)

My recent edit

@Johnbod what are your objections? voorts (talk/contributions) 12:54, 14 April 2026 (UTC)

You made 3 changes, all of them bad! As you will see from above, this is not a page where a drive-by editor who doesn't work in the field can make significant undiscussed changes and expect to see them stick. The first removed the explanation of what was said. The second pointlessly blunted the point. The 3rd claimed policy support - please quote this, and refer to where it was discussed. It is for you to propose and justify your changes. Johnbod (talk) 14:20, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
I did justify my changes in the edit summary.
As you will see from above, this is not a page where a drive-by editor who doesn't work in the field can make significant undiscussed changes and expect to see them stick. The MOS is not owned by any group of editors. voorts (talk/contributions) 15:35, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
a) Not really, b) no, it isn't. You haven't said which bit of the ludicrously long MOS:LEAD you think is contradicted, or when this was added. I've looked for it twice, & can't see anything, but the page is enormous. Johnbod (talk) 15:42, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
My first change was to make the main point of the sentence up front instead of burying it in editorializing prose and unsubstantiated assertions about what "most" artists do. The second change makes things clearer. What does "at least" mean? MOS:LEAD says to summarize the article, not add random quotes to the lead. voorts (talk/contributions) 16:12, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
Seriously? Your first point just removed the rationale completely. The 2nd weakened the point completely. "At least" means "as a minimum" - glad we've cleared that up. On the 3rd, so there isn't actually any part of the policy that says what you claimed, it seems. "Random" is either gratuitously offensive, or shows you don't know what you're talking about - or both. Johnbod (talk) 21:05, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
Starting with your last sentence, my edits and suggestions here are being made in good faith. There is no need for insults.
The "rationale" for the first point was based on an assertion about the talents of "most" artists. There's also no need to have the rationale. From reviewing other parts of the MOS, I don't see many such rationales interspersed with the guidance they provide. An editor consulting the MOS is interested in knowing how they should write on Wikipedia, not why the rules are what they are. I think that "at least" is unclear in context. How is an editor reading that portion of the MOS to know what additional things might be added to the lead beyond what is already listed? To specify, I am referring to the second and third paragraphs of MOS:LEAD as well as MOS:INTRO. voorts (talk/contributions) 21:36, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
Absolutely nothing about quotes, random or otherwise, in either of those! MOS:INTRO does say "The reason for a topic's noteworthiness should be established, or at least introduced, in the lead (but not by using subjective peacock terms such as "acclaimed" or "award-winning" or "hit")". In the wiki-world where any claims of artistic merit inevitably brings howls of "peacock prose" etc, this is best done by quotation referenced to a heavyweight source. I see you are again being misleading about what policy says in your unsigned and misplaced pointy Rfc nom above. Johnbod (talk) 22:09, 14 April 2026 (UTC)

CV- or resumé-style exhibition lists

Proposing this here before making any changes, feel free to chime in with thoughts/opinions!

I would like to clarify and add some language to the "Exhibitions" section, currently nested under "Article titles". First, I think this subsection should be broken out so it's not listed under something unrelated; I'm not totally sure why it was nested under "Article titles" to begin with. Second, I'd like to update the language and add some phrasing to be more specific.

Current first paragraph: "Long lists of exhibitions should be avoided. It will rarely be useful to mention more than five exhibitions. For contemporary and modern artists the venue of exhibitions can be important evidence of notability, but only the most important should be given."

Proposed addition/changes: "Long lists of exhibitions in artist biographies should be avoided, particularly exhaustive lists similar to those found on many artists' professional CVs or resumés. For modern and contemporary artists, the venue of a solo or group exhibition can be important evidence of notability, but editors should endeavor to incorporate that exhibition into the article's prose instead of simply including it in a list. Any lists of exhibitions in artist biographies should only include the most important or most notable exhibitions of that artist's work; it will rarely be useful to create a list with more than five exhibitions." 19h00s (talk) 14:57, 14 April 2026 (UTC)

Ok, I'm fine with that. Johnbod (talk) 15:02, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
Thanks! I'll leave this up for any other feedback today, will make the changes tonight if no one objects. 19h00s (talk) 15:05, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
Did you see Wikipedia_talk:Manual_of_Style/Visual_arts#Lists_of_exhibitions above, mostly 2023? Worth a look for a variety of viewpoints. Johnbod (talk) 15:12, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
I did, and I had watched that conversation play out when it happened. I still generally think we want to ward off against promo-style exhaustive lists, and I believe this phrasing strikes a good balance. But I'm happy to adjust my adjustment/try again if you think it's needed. 19h00s (talk) 20:27, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
As I said, I'm fine. Johnbod (talk) 21:05, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
Change made, all other feedback still welcome. 19h00s (talk) 21:43, 14 April 2026 (UTC)
I'm fine with the changes as well. The long laundry lists of shows belong on the artist's resumé. Thanks for your work on this improvement @19h00s. Netherzone (talk) 02:59, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
Part of me wants to add some more language that speaks to the perspective of art historians. I've encountered quite a few newer editors who are either trained art historians or otherwise quite familiar with the field, and they often cry foul when these kinds of lists are either culled or removed entirely. This is mainly because the academic field of art history places quite a high value on exhaustive documentation; most artist monographs, catalogues, and other written materials on an artist will often include their complete exhibition history, so art historians new to Wikipedia see that as an essential element for an artist's article. It might be helpful to add something to the effect of "Wikipedia articles are not the same as artist monographs or other art publications made by galleries, museums, and scholars. The purpose of a Wikipedia article is not to document every fact about a subject. Exhaustive documentation of exhibitions, works, or museum collections are not appropriate for Wikipedia articles." 19h00s (talk) 13:09, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
Wikipedia articles should summarize the most important key event of an artist's career (and I think they should also summarize biographical content, rather than just function as an online career CV). I agree that WP is not a venue to publish a monograph or an artist exhibition catalog essay, nor is it a web host. I feel strongly that lists of shows be limited to 5 solo shows max (preferably museum shows rather than commercial gallery shows). I also think it's best practices to integrate these 5 shows into prose text rather than them being in list form; if an exhibition travels, some of the other venues can be mentioned in the prose. To my way of thinking group shows should be limited to the most prestigious, for example the Venice Biennale, Documenta, Sao Paolo Biennial, Carnegie International, Whitney Biennial, or high-profile museum group shows (not art fairs which are marketplaces). I have also seen enormous image galleries on articles about marginally notable artists - again, not a web host. If a specific work is not discussed in the body of the article, why is it necessary to have an image of that work? Does the MOS-VA advise a limit on the number of images in galleries? Netherzone (talk) 16:56, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
Slightly tangential, but I've actually found footnotes to be really useful when it comes to writing about shows that traveled. Usually the first venue was the most newsworthy or got the most coverage anyway, so it's a lot easier to shove the info about the traveling venues into a footnote rather than including all that in the prose, a la what I did for Martin Puryear or Melvin Edwards.
I definitely agree with you that the most high-profile biennials/recurring group shows, along with highly notable thematic shows at museums, are the only major group shows that belong in most artist bios. Every professional artist submitted to a local art group show at some point in their career, there's no point in including all that (nor generally the market-based fairs, unless their participation/contribution was covered extensively by press). And overall, I much prefer to expand artist biographies to a place where a list of exhibition is essentially just duplicative of everything already in the prose, making its inclusion unnecessary. (But obviously list-building is just so comparatively easy to do - especially for newcomers - that it will inevitably recur regardless of what we write in the MOS.)
The image gallery issue is less my domain, as I only work on a handful of artist biographies whose work is eligible for Commons; I'm generally dealing with non-free images and copyright edge cases, so I'm not that read up on the image gallery guidelines (other than: don't use non-free images in a gallery). 19h00s (talk) 21:47, 15 April 2026 (UTC)
Excellent point about footnoting traveling shows. Netherzone (talk) 21:55, 15 April 2026 (UTC)

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