Wilber M. Brucker
American politician (1894–1968)
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Wilber Marion Brucker (June 23, 1894 – October 28, 1968)[1] was an American Republican politician. Born in Saginaw, Michigan, he served as the 32nd governor of Michigan from 1931 to 1933 and as the United States Secretary of the Army between July 21, 1955, and January 19, 1961.[1]
Wilber Brucker | |
|---|---|
Official portrait, c. 1961 | |
| 5th United States Secretary of the Army | |
| In office July 21, 1955 – January 19, 1961 | |
| President | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| Preceded by | Robert T. Stevens |
| Succeeded by | Elvis Jacob Stahr Jr. |
| 32nd Governor of Michigan | |
| In office January 1, 1931 – January 1, 1933 | |
| Lieutenant | Luren Dickinson |
| Preceded by | Fred W. Green |
| Succeeded by | William Comstock |
| 35th Attorney General of Michigan | |
| In office February 16, 1928 – January 1, 1931 | |
| Governor | Fred W. Green |
| Preceded by | William Potter |
| Succeeded by | Paul W. Voorhies |
| Personal details | |
| Born | June 23, 1894 Saginaw, Michigan, U.S. |
| Died | October 28, 1968 (aged 74) Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Party | Republican |
| Spouse | Clara Hantel |
| Children | 1 |
| Relatives | Ferdinand Brucker (father) |
| Education | University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (LLB) Hillsdale College (MA, PhD) |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | Army National Guard United States Army Reserves |
Years of service | 1916–1919 1919–1937 (Reserves) |
| Rank | Second Lieutenant |
| Unit | Michigan National Guard |
Early life
Brucker was born in Saginaw, Michigan, the son of Democratic U.S. Representative Ferdinand Brucker. He graduated from the University of Michigan Law School in 1916 and enlisted in the Michigan National Guard, serving with its 33rd Infantry Regiment on the Mexican border during the Pancho Villa Expedition from 1916 to 1917.[2] He attended Officer Training Camp at Fort Sheridan, Illinois, and was commissioned a second lieutenant. Brucker served in France during World War I with the 166th Infantry, 42d Division, in the Château Thierry, St. Mihiel, and Meuse-Argonne operations, 1917–1918. He received the Silver Star and Purple Heart, and remained a member of the Officer Reserve Corps until 1937.[3]
Politics
A Republican, after the war, Brucker was assistant prosecuting attorney of Saginaw County from 1919 to 1923, and then prosecuting attorney from 1923 to 1927. He married Clara Helen Hantel in 1923. He served as assistant attorney general of Michigan, 1927–1928, and as Michigan Attorney General, 1928–1930.[4]
In 1930 he was elected as Michigan's 32nd governor, serving one term until being defeated in 1932 by Democrat William Comstock.[5][6] During his two years in office, the police force in Michigan increased and a new state police headquarters in Lansing was authorized. Also Michigan enacted legislation that allowed grand juries to investigate allegations of municipal government fraud and mismanagement. In 1936, Brucker defeated incumbent U.S. Senator James Couzens in the Republican primary elections, but lost to Democrat Prentiss M. Brown in the general election.[7][8]
He was a member of the law firm of Clark, Klein, Brucker, and Waples, 1937–1954, and served as General Counsel of the Department of Defense from 1954 to 1955, during the Army–McCarthy hearings.[9]
In 1955, Brucker was appointed by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower as Secretary of the Army, serving from July 21, 1955, to January 19, 1961.[10] Brucker administered the Army during a period of major technological advance, especially in the missile-satellite field, and at a time when the Army's place in the national defense structure was overshadowed by a philosophy of "massive retaliation". Under his direction the Army instituted a five-element (pentagonal) organization concept for the division, established a Strategic Army Corps for emergency reaction, launched the United States' first satellite, Explorer I, and adopted the Army Flag.
Death
Brucker returned to legal practice in Detroit with the firm of Brucker and Brucker, 1961–1968, and was a member of the Board of Directors of Freedoms Foundation. He died in Detroit on October 28, 1968, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[11]
Legacy
Brucker Hall at Joint Base Myer–Henderson Hall is named for him.[12]