Xujiachong Formation
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Geologic formation in China
| Xujiachong Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Pragian | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Underlies | Chuandong Formation |
| Overlies | Guijiatun Formation |
| Location | |
| Region | Yunnan |
| Country | China |
The Xujiachong Formation is an early Devonian formation from China. It preserves a wide range of plant and fish fossils, many being only known from this formation.
Plants
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Plants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Adoketophyton | A. subverticillatum | Lycophyta | Synonymous with "Zosterophyllum spathulatum"[1] |  | |
| Bracteophyton | B. variatum | Tracheophyta incertae sedis | Resembles lycophytes somewhat, but likely not one itself.[2] | ||
| Drepanophycus | D. qujingensis | Drepanophycales | Formerly placed within D. spinaeformis[3] | ||
| Guangnania | G. cuneata | Zosterophyllopsida | Unclear whether it truly is a zosterophyll, somewhat similar to Yunia[4] | ||
| Hedeia | H. sinica | Progymnospermopsida | Resembles both seed plants and trimerophytes[4] | ||
| Hsua | H. robusta, H. deflexa[5] | Rhyniophyta?[4] | |||
| Huia | H. gracilis | Zosterophyllales? | More slender than the type species[6] | ||
| Zosterophyllum | Z. yunnanicum, Z. australianum[7] | Zosterophyllales | Used to date the Xujiachong Formation[8] |  | |
Animals
| Animals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Eugaleaspis | E. xujiachongensis[9] | Galeaspida | Formerly placed under "Galeaspis", but this genus was preoccupied by the trilobite Galeaspis. | ||
| Gantarostrataspis | G. gengi | Galeaspida | Mostly known from the Posongchong Formation[10] | ||
| Mizia | M. longhuaensis, M. parvus | Yunnanolepididae | M. parvus formerly placed within Yunnanolepis[11] |  | |
| Neopetalichthys[12] | N. yenmenpaensis | Petalichthyida | Relatively basal member of the clade[13] |  | |
| Pampetalichthys | P. longhuaensis | Petalichthyida | Formerly classed as "Holopetalichthys"[14][15] | ||
| Pterogonaspis | P. yuhaii | Galeaspida | Similar to Tridenaspis[16] | ||
| Qushiaspis | Q. elaia | Galeaspida | Most basal member of Gantarostrataspididae.[17] | ||
| Sanqiaspis | S. rostrata | Galeaspida | Another species known from Vietnam[18] | ||
| Sanchaspis | S. magalarostrata | Galeaspida | Bears an unusual mushroom-shaped rostrum[19] | ||
| Szelepis | S. yunnanensis | Actinolepididae | Redescribed in 2017[20] | ||
| Xichonolepis | X. qujingensis[21] | Sinolepidae (Antiarchi) | |||
| Youngolepis | Y. praecursor | Dipnoi | Known from various other formations in early Devonian China[22] |  | |
References
- ↑ Huang, Pu; Zhang, Hourui (22 July 2025). "Zosterophyllum spathulatum Li and Cai from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan Province, China, is Adoketophyton subverticillatum (Li and Cai) Li and Edwards, 1992, with a discussion of spatial–temporal distribution of Adoketophyton". Journal of Paleontology: 1–8. doi:10.1017/jpa.2025.10111.
- ↑ Wang, De-Ming; Hao, Shou-Gang (2004). "Bracteophyton variatum gen. et sp. nov., an Early Devonian Plant from the Xujiachong Formation of Yunnan, China" (PDF). International Journal of Plant Sciences. 165 (2): 337–345. Bibcode:2004IJPlS.165..337W. doi:10.1086/381919. ISSN 1058-5893. JSTOR 10.1086/381919.
- ↑ Cheng-Sen, Li; Edwards, D. (July 1995). "A re-investigation of Halle's Drepanophycus spinaeformis Göpp. from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan Province, southern China". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 118 (3): 163–192. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1995.tb00468.x.
- 1 2 3 Hao, Shou gang; Xue, Jin zhuang (2013). The early Devonian Posongchong flora of Yunnan: a contribution to an understanding of the evolution and early diversification of vascular plants. Beijing: Science press. ISBN 978-7-03-036616-0.
- ↑ Wang, De-Ming; Hao, Shou-Gang; Wang, Qi (July 2003). "Hsüa deflexa sp. nov. from the Xujiachong Formation (Lower Devonian) of eastern Yunnan, China". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 142 (3): 255–271. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.00187.x.
- ↑ Wang, De-Ming; Hao, Shou-Gang (April 2001). "A new species of vascular plants from the Xujiachong Formation (Lower Devonian) of Yunnan Province, China". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 114 (3–4): 157–174. Bibcode:2001RPaPa.114..157W. doi:10.1016/S0034-6667(01)00041-0. PMID 11389912.
- ↑ Shou-Gang, Hao (June 1992). "Some observations on Zosterophyllum australianum Lang & Cookson from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 109 (2): 189–202. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1992.tb00265.x.
- ↑ Deming, Wang (August 2007). "Two Species of Zosterophyllum from South China and Dating of the Xujiachong Formation with a Biostratigraphic Method". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 81 (4): 525–538. Bibcode:2007AcGlS..81..525W. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2007.tb00976.x.
- ↑ Yuhai, Liu (October 1975). "川滇早泥盆世的无颌类". Vertebrata PalAsiatica (in Chinese). 13 (4): 202–216.
- ↑ Min, Zhu; Wang, Junqing; Fan, Junhang (1994). "Early Devonian fishes from Guijiatun and Xujiachong Formations of Qujing, Yunnan, and Related Biostratigraphic Problems". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32 (1): 1–11.
- ↑ Min, Zhu. (1996). "The Phylogeny of Antiarcha (Placodermi, Pisces), with the Description of Early Devonian Antiarchs from Qujing, Yunnan, China" (PDF). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 18: 233–347. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-06-23. Retrieved 2013-12-29.
- ↑ Yuhai, Liu (1973). "川滇泥盆纪的多鳃鱼和大瓣鱼化石" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (in Chinese). 11 (2): 132–143.
- ↑ Zhu, Min & Wang, Junqing (October 1996). "A NEW MACROPETALICHTHYID FROM CHINA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE MACROPETALICHTHYIDAE (PLACODERMI)" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 34 (4): 253–268.
- ↑ Zhu, Min (2000). "Catalogue of Devonian vertebrates in China, with notes on bio-events". Courier-Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. 2000: 373–390.
- ↑ Zhu, Min (July 1996). "A new Macropetalichthyid from China, with special reference to the historical zoogeography of the Macropetalichthyidae (Placodermi)". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 34 (4): 253–268.
- ↑ Zhu, Min (1992). "Two new Eugaleaspids, with a Discussion on Eugaleaspid Phylogeny". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 30 (3): 169–184.
- ↑ Jiang, Wenyu; Zhu, Min; Shi, Xiaodong; Li, Qiang; Gai, Zhikun (2 December 2021). "Qushiaspis , a new genus of gantarostrataspid fish (galeaspida, stem-gnathostomata) from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China". Historical Biology. 33 (12): 3714–3722. Bibcode:2021HBio...33.3714J. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1888086.
- ↑ Gai, Zhi-Kun; Jiang, Wen-Yu; Zhao, Wen-Jin; Li, Qiang; Shi, Xiao-Dong; Zhu, Min (March 2022). "Redescription of the Sanqiaspidae (Galeaspida) from the Lower Devonian of South China and its biostratigraphic significance". Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. 102 (1): 173–191. Bibcode:2022PdPe..102..173G. doi:10.1007/s12549-021-00486-Z.
- ↑ Jiang, Pan; Shitao, Wang (April 1981). "New Discoveries of Polybranchiaspids from Yunnan Province" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 19 (2).
- ↑ Dupret, Vincent; Zhu, Min; Wang, Jun-Qing (4 March 2017). "Redescription of Szelepis Liu, 1981 (Placodermi, Arthrodira), from the Lower Devonian of China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (2) e1312422. Bibcode:2017JVPal..37E2422D. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1312422.
- ↑ Ritchie, A.; Shitao, W.; Young, Gavin C.; Guorui, Z. (5 December 1992). "The Sinolepidae, a family of antiarchs (placoderm fishes) from the Devonian of South China and eastern Australia". Records of the Australian Museum. 44 (3): 319–370. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.44.1992.38.
- ↑ Mee-Mann, Chang; Xiaobo, Yu (January 1981). "A New Crossopterygian, Youngolepis praecursor gen et. sp nov., from Lower Devonian of E. Yunnan, China". Scientia Sinica. 24 (1): 89–97.
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