Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa
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Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in various ethnic groups and populations from North Africa and the Sahel (Tuaregs).
By population
| Population | Language (if specified) | n | A/B | E(xE1b1b) | E-M215 | G | I | J | R1a | R1b | Other | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algerians | AA (Semitic) | 377 | 0.3 | 13.0 | 54.6 | 19.9 | 12.2 | Bekada et al. (2015)[1] | ||||
| Amazighs (Algeria - Aurès) | AA (Tamazight) | 218 | 0 | 4.6 | 84.4 | 0 | 0.5 | 5.5 | 2.3 | 0 | 1.7 | Abdeli and Benhassine (2019)[2] |
| Amazighs (Algeria - Mzab) | AA (Tamazight) | 67 | 0 | 4.5 | 89.6 | 1.5 | 0 | 1.5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | Dugoujon et al. (2009)[3] |
| Amazighs (Algeria - Mzab) | AA (Tamazight) | 20 | 0 | 10 | 80 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | Bekada et al. (2015)[1] |
| Amazighs (Algeria - Tizi Ouzou) | AA (Tamazight) | 16 | 0 | 0 | 47.3 | 0 | 0 | 15.7 | 0 | 15.7 | 0 | Arredi et al. (2004)[4] |
| Amazighs (Algeria - Tuat) | AA (Tamazight) | 35 | 0 | 25.6 | 51.4 | 0 | 0 | 11.4 | 0 | 8.5 | 0 | Bekada et al. (2014)[1] |
| Amazighs (Egypt - Siwa) | AA (Tamazight) | 93 | 28 | 6.5 | 12 | 3.2 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 28 | 8.3 | Dugoujon et al. (2009)[3] |
| Amazighs (Libya) | AA (Tamazight) | 83 | 1.3 | 38.5 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Bekada et al. (2013)[5] |
| Amazighs (Morocco) | AA (Tamazight) | 64 | 0 | 6.3 | 79.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.1 | Semino et al. (2004)[6] |
| Amazighs (Morocco - Amizmiz) | AA (Tamazight) | 33 | 3 | 6.1 | 90.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Alvarez et al. (2009) |
| Amazighs (Morocco - Asni) | AA (Tamazight) | 54 | 0 | 9.3 | 85.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | Dugoujon et al. (2009)[3] |
| Amazighs (Morocco - Bouhria) | AA (Tamazight) | 67 | 0 | 7.5 | 79.1 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 4.5 | 0 | 0 | Dugoujon et al. (2009)[3] |
| Amazighs (Morocco - Middle Atlas) | AA (Tamazight) | 69 | 2.9 | 5.7 | 81.1 | 4.3 | 0 | 5.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Dugoujon et al. (2009)[3] |
| Amazighs (Morocco - North) | AA (Tamazight) | 55 | 0 | 12.7 | 65.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.7 | Semino et al. (2004)[6] |
| Amazighs (Morocco - South) | AA (Tamazight) | 35 | 0 | 2.5 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | Semino et al. (2004)[6] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Bou Omrane) | AA (Tamazight) | 40 | 0 | 5 | 92.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Ennafaa et al. (2011)[7] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Bou Saad) | AA (Tamazight) | 40 | 0 | 0 | 92.5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | Ennafaa et al. (2011)[7] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Chenini–Douiret) | AA (Tamazight) | 27 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Djerba) | AA (Tamazight) | 46 | 2.2 | 0 | 80.4 | 0 | 0 | 10.9 | 4.3 | 2.2 | 0 | Manni et al. (2005)[9] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Kesra) | AA (Tamazight) | 23 | 8.7 | 0 | 91.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Cherni et al. (2005)[10] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Tekrouna) | AA (Tamazight) | 19 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Frigi, S. et al. (2006)[11] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Sejenane) | AA (Tamazight) | 47 | 4.3 | 2.1 | 51.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 36.1 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 | Frigi, S. et al. (2006)[12] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Jradou) | AA (Semitic) | 32 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8] |
| Amazighs (Tunisia - Sened) | AA (Tamazight) | 35 | 0 | 0 | 65.7 | 0 | 0 | 31.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8] |
| Andalusians (Tunisia - Qalaat Al-Andalus) | AA (Arabic) | 19 | 0 | 0 | 89.5 | 0 | 0 | 10.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Cherni et al. (2005)[10] |
| Andalusians (Tunisia - Testour) | AA (Arabic) | 48 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 68.7 | 0 | 0 | 25.0 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | Cherni et al. (2005)[10] |
| Andalusians (Tunisia - Esslouguia) | AA (Arabic) | 22 | 0 | 0 | 59.1 | 0 | 0 | 18.2 | 13.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | Cherni et al. (2005)[10] |
| Andalusians (Tunisia - El Alia) | AA (Arabic) | 43 | 0 | 0 | 44.2 | 4.7 | 2.3 | 34.9 | 0 | 9.3 | 4.6 | Cherni et al. (2005)[10] |
| Arabs (Algeria - Algiers) | AA (Semitic) | 35 | 0 | 2.9 | 54.3 | 0 | 0 | 28.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Arredi et al. (2004)[4] |
| Arabs (Algeria - Algiers) | AA (Semitic) | 26 | 0 | 3.8 | 69.2 | 0 | 0 | 19.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Bekada et al. (2014)[1] |
| Arabs (Algeria - Oran) | AA (Semitic) | 102 | 0 | 7.9 | 51 | 0 | 0 | 27.4 | 1 | 11.8 | 1 | Robino et al. (2008)[13] |
| Arabs (Algeria - Oran) | AA (Semitic) | 80 | 1.2 | 11.2 | 47.5 | 0 | 0 | 23.7 | 0 | 7.5 | 0 | Bekada et al. (2014)[1] |
| Arabs (Algeria - Sahara) | AA (Semitic) | 60 | 0 | 3.3 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Bekada et al. (2014)[1] |
| Nubians(Egypt) | Nilo-Saharan | 46 | 0 | 0 | 86.9 | 0 | 0 | 4.4 | 0 | 0 | 8.7 | Lucotte and Mercier et al. (2003)[14] |
| Lower Egyptians (Egypt) | AA (Semitic) | 370 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 43.8 | 5.7 | 0.5 | 27.6 | 2.2 | 5.9 | 10 | Bekada et al. (2013)[5] |
| Lower Egyptians (Egypt) | AA (Semitic) | 147 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 36.1 | 9.5 | 0 | 31.9 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 2.1 | Luis et al. (2004)[15] |
| Delta Egyptians (Egypt - North) | AA (Semitic) | 44 | 2.3 | 0 | 52.3 | 0 | 0 | 18.2 | 2.3 | 9.9 | 6.8 | Arredi et al. (2004)[4] |
| Upper Egyptians (Egypt - South) | AA (Semitic) | 29 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 0 | 3.4 | 24.1 | 0 | 13.8 | 0 | Arredi et al. (2004)[4] |
| Bedouins (Egypt - Western Desert) | AA (Semitic) | 35 | 0 | 5.7 | 62.9 | 0 | 0 | 31.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Kujanová et al. (2009)[16] |
| Libyans | AA (Semitic) | 215 | 0 | 1.4 | 49.3 | 5.1 | 0 | 41.4 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 0 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)[17] |
| Arabs (Mauritania) | AA (Semitic) | 189 | 0.5 | 12.7 | 66.6 | 0 | 0 | 13.2 | 0 | 7.4 | 0.1 | Bekada et al. (2013)[5] |
| Arabs (Morocco) | AA (Semitic) | 49 | 0 | 0 | 75.5 | 0 | 0 | 20.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Semino et al. (2004)[6] |
| Arabs (Morocco) | AA (Semitic) | 44 | 0 | 0 | 63.7 | 0 | 0 | 15.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Semino et al. (2004)[6] |
| Arabs (Morocco - Sahara) | AA (Semitic) | 89 | 0 | 20.2 | 59.6 | 0 | 0 | 20.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Fregel et al. (2009)[18] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Kairouan) | AA (Semitic) | 49 | 2 | 0 | 83.8 | 2 | 0 | 10.2 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | Elkamel et al. (2021)[19] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Oueslatia) | AA (Semitic) | 46 | 0 | 0 | 23.9 | 0 | 0 | 54.4 | 0 | 4.3 | 17.4 | Elkamel et al. (2021)[19] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Djerba) | AA (Semitic) | 47 | 0 | 0 | 93.6 | 0 | 0 | 4.3 | 0 | 0 | 2.1 | Manni et al. (2005)[9] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Djerba) | AA (Semitic) | 47 | 0 | 0 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 11.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Ennafaa et al. (2011)[7] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Sousse) | AA (Semitic) | 220 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 54.6 | 0.5 | 0 | 34.1 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 6.8 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2015)[20] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Tunis) | AA (Semitic) | 33 | 0 | 0 | 66.5 | 0 | 0 | 24.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Tunis) | AA (Semitic) | 148 | 0 | 2 | 49.3 | 0 | 0 | 35.8 | 0.7 | 6.1 | 0.7 | Arredi et al. (2004)[4] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Zaghouan) | AA (Semitic) | 32 | 0 | 9.4 | 43.7 | 0 | 0 | 46.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8] |
| Arabs (Tunisia - Zriba) | AA (Semitic) | 31 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Cherni et al. (2005)[10] |
| Copts of Sudan | AA (Egyptian) | 100 | 0 | 74 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 15 | Crubézy2010[21] |
| Jews (Tunisia - Djerba) | AA (Semitic) | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Manni et al. (2005)[9] |
| Libyans | AA (Semitic) | 175 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 44.6 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 34.3 | 1.7 | 5.1 | 10.9 | Triki-Fendri et al. (2015)[22] |
| Moroccans | AA (Semitic) | 760 | 0.9 | 6 | 79 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 7.6 | 0 | 4.4 | 0 | Bekada et al. (2013)[5] |
| Moroccans | AA (Semitic) | 316 | 0 | 0 | 52.5 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 3.4 | 42.9 | Zalloua et al. (2008)[23] |
| Moroccans | AA (Semitic) | 221 | 0 | 6.4 | 75.9 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 9.1 | 0 | 4.1 | 0 | Fregel et al. (2009)[18] |
| Moroccans | AA (Semitic) | 176 | 0 | 6.3 | 66.7 | 0 | 0 | 13.6 | 0 | 2.8 | 0 | Bosch et al. (2001)[24] |
| Moroccans | AA (Semitic) | 51 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 54.9 | 0 | 0 | 19.6 | 0 | 3.9 | 0 | Onofri et al. (2008)[25] |
| Moroccans (Central) | AA (Semitic) | 87 | 0 | 9.8 | 62.2 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)[17] |
| Spaniards (Canary Islands) | IE (Romance) | 652 | 0 | 1.4 | 14.1 | 4 | 9.7 | 13.9 | 2.8 | 50.6 | 0 | Fregel et al. (2009)[18] |
| Subsaharans (Tunisia - Djerba) | AA (Semitic) | 42 | 0 | 33.3 | 11.9 | 0 | 11.9 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 35.7 | 2.4 | Khodjet-El-Khil, H. et al. (2005)[26] |
| Tuaregs (Libya) | AA (Tamazight) | 47 | 0 | 42.5 | 48.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.4 | 2.1 | Ottoni et al. (2011)[27] |
| Tunisians | AA (Semitic) | 601 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 71.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 17.9 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 3.7 | Bekada et al. (2013)[5] |
| Tunisians | AA (Semitic) | 62 | 0 | 0 | 82.3 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 9.7 | Zalloua et al. (2008)[23] |
| Tunisians (immigrants to Italy) | AA (Semitic) | 52 | 0 | 0 | 57.7 | 0 | 0 | 38.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Onofri et al. (2008)[25] |
By samples from country
Samples over-represent the smaller populations which are usually the subject of genetic studies [28]
| Country[5] | n | A | B | E-M33 | E-M2 | E-M35* | E-M78* | E-V12 | E-V32 | E-V13 | E-V22 | E-V65 | E-M81 | E-M34 | F | G | I | J1 | J2 | K | L | O | P,R | Q | R1a | R1b-V88 | R1b-M269 | R2 | T |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mauritania/Western Sahara | 189 | - | 0.53 | 5.29 | 6.88 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 55.56 | 11.11 | - | - | - | 13.23 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6.88 | 0.53 | - | - |
| Morocco | 760 | 0.26 | 0.66 | 2.76 | 3.29 | 4.21 | 0.79 | 0.26 | - | 0.26 | 1.84 | 3.68 | 67.37 | 0.66 | 0.26 | 0.66 | 0.13 | 6.32 | 1.32 | 0.53 | - | - | 0.26 | - | - | 0.92 | 3.55 | - | - |
| Algeria | 156 | - | - | 0.64 | 5.13 | 0.64 | 1.92 | 0.64 | - | 0.64 | 1.28 | 1.92 | 44.23 | 1.28 | 3.85 | - | - | 21.79 | 4.49 | 0.64 | - | - | - | 0.64 | 0.64 | 2.56 | 7.04 | - | - |
| Tunisia | 601 | - | 0.17 | 0.5 | 0.67 | 1.66 | - | - | - | - | 3 | 3.16 | 62.73 | 1.16 | 2.66 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 16.64 | 2.83 | 0.33 | - | - | 0.33 | - | 0.5 | 1.83 | 0.33 | - | 1.16 |
| Libya | 83 | - | - | - | 38.55 | - | - | - | - | 2.41 | - | 4.82 | 45.78 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.41 | - | - | 6.02 | - | - | - |
| Egypt | 370 | 1.35 | - | 0.54 | 2.43 | 3.24 | 0.81 | 7.03 | 1.62 | 0.81 | 9.19 | 2.43 | 11.89 | 6.76 | 1.08 | 5.68 | 0.54 | 20.81 | 6.75 | 0.27 | 0.81 | 0.27 | 0.54 | 0.27 | 2.16 | 2.97 | 2.97 | 0.54 | 6.22 |
Geographic components for Y-DNA lineages
| Component[29] | Morocco (n=760) | Algeria (n=156) | Tunisia (n=601) | Mauritania/Western Sahara (189) | Egypt (370) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Africa | 79% | 62.5% | 71.7% | 66.6% | 43.7% |
| Middle East | 7.6% | 26.2% | 19.4% | 13.2% | 27.5% |
| Europe | 4.4% | 9.5% | 2.1% | 7.4% | 5.9% |
| West Africa | 6% | 5.7% | 1.1% | 12.1% | 2.9% |
| East Africa | 0.9% | 0% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 1.3% |
See also
- Africa
- Y-DNA haplogroups by group
- Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East
- Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe
- Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus
- Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia
- Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of East and Southeast Asia
- Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Oceania
- Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Central and North Asia
- Y-DNA haplogroups in indigenous peoples of the Americas