Yttrium orthovanadate
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) is a transparent crystal. Undoped YVO4 is used to make efficient high-power polarizing prisms similar to Glan–Taylor prisms.[1] With a chemical structure very similar to wakefieldite ([La,Ce,Nd,Y]VO4), it is also sometimes used as a synthetic gemstone since the former is prohibitively rare.
| Names | |
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| Other names
Yttrium vanadate | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.590 |
| EC Number |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| O4VY | |
| Molar mass | 203.843 g·mol−1 |
| Melting point | 1,810 °C (3,290 °F; 2,080 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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There are two principal applications for doped yttrium orthovanadate:
- Doped with neodymium it forms Nd:YVO4, an active laser medium used in diode-pumped solid-state lasers.[2]
- Doped with europium it forms Eu:YVO4, the dominant red phosphor used in cathode-ray tubes especially in color TVs.[3]
Basic properties
- Crystal structure:[4]
- Zircon tetragonal (tetragonal bipyramidal)
- Space group D4h
- Lattice parameters a = b = 7.119 Å, c = 6.290 Å [5]
- Density: 4.24 g/cm3 [5]
- Melting point: 1810–1940 °C [5]
- Mohs hardness: glass-like, ~5
- Knoop hardness: 480 kg/mm2 [6]
- Thermal expansion coefficient:[4]
- αa = 4.43×10−6/K
- αc = 11.37×10−6/K
- Thermal conductivity coefficient:[4]
- parallel to c-axis: 5.23 W·m−1·K−1
- perpendicular to c-axis: 5.10 W·m−1·K−1
- Refractive indices, birefringence ( Δn = ne - no) and walk-off angle at 45° (ρ):
- at 0.63 μm:
- ne = 2.2154
- no = 1.9929
- Δn = 0.2225
- ρ = 6.04
- at 1.30 μm:
- ne = 2.1554
- no = 1.9500
- Δn = 0.2054
- ρ= 5.72
- at 1.55 μm:
- ne = 2.1486
- no = 1.9447
- Δn = 0.2039
- ρ = 5.69
- Sellmeier equation (λ in μm):[further explanation needed]
- ne2=4.59905 + 0.110534/(λ2 − 0.04813) − 0.012267612 λ2
- no2=3.77834 + 0.069736/(λ2 − 0.04724) − 0.0108133 λ2
- at 0.63 μm: