Che (Cyrillic)
Cyrillic letter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Che (Ч ч; italics: Ч ч) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.
| Che (чрьвь) | |
|---|---|
| Ч ч | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Cyrillic |
| Type | Alphabetic |
| Language of origin | Old Church Slavonic |
| Sound values | [tʃ], [tʃʰ], [tɕʰ], [tʂ], [tɕ] |
| In Unicode | U+0427, U+0447 |
| History | |
| Development | Ⱍ
|
| Transliterations | Ch ch, Č č, Ç ç |
| Other | |
| Associated numbers | 90, 60† (Cyrillic numerals) |
It commonly represents the voiceless postalveolar affricate /tʃ/, like the ⟨tch⟩ in "switch" or ⟨ch⟩ in "choice".
In English, it is romanized typically as ⟨ch⟩ but sometimes as ⟨tch⟩, like in French. In German, it can be transcribed as ⟨tsch⟩. In Slavic languages using the Latin Alphabet, it is transcribed as ⟨č⟩ so "Tchaikovsky" (Чайковский in Russian) may be transcribed as Chaykovskiy or Čajkovskij.
Form
History
The name of Che in the Early Cyrillic alphabet was Чрьвь (črĭvĭ), meaning "worm".
In the Cyrillic numeral system, Che originally did not have a value, however, by the 1300s it started to be used with the numeric value 90 as a replacement for Koppa, some varieties that preserved Koppa around this time used Che with the value 60 instead of the usual letter for it, Ksi. Nowadays, Koppa is not used anymore in any variety, and Che has fully replaced it as the letter with the numeric value 90.[1]
Usage
Slavic languages
Except for Russian, all Cyrillic-alphabet Slavic languages use Che to represent the voiceless postalveolar affricate /tʃ/ (the ch sound in English).[citation needed]
In Russian, Che usually represents the voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate /t͡ɕ/ (like the Mandarin pronunciation of j in pinyin). It is occasionally exceptionally pronounced as:
- the voiceless retroflex affricate /tʂ/ (like Mandarin pinyin zh), like in Russian: лучше, or
- the voiceless retroflex fricative /ʂ/ (like Mandarin pinyin sh), like in Russian: что, чтобы, нарочно.[citation needed]
In China
The 1955 draft of Hanyu pinyin adopted the Che for the sound [tɕ] (for which later the letter j was used), because of similar pronunciation and resemblance to the corresponding Bopomofo letter ㄐ.[2]
The Latin Zhuang alphabet used a modified Hindu-Arabic numeral 4, strongly resembling Che, from 1957 to 1986 to represent the fourth (falling) tone. In 1986, it was replaced by the Latin letter X.
Related letters and other similar characters
- 4 : 4 - Number that very closely resembles Che, especially in digital or open ended form
- C c : Latin letter C - the same sound in Malay, Indonesian, Italian
- Č č : Latin letter C with caron
- Ç ç : Latin letter C with cedilla - an Albanian, Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Turkish, and Turkmen letter
- Ĉ ĉ : Latin letter C with circumflex, used in Esperanto language
- Tx : Digraph Tx, used in Basque and Catalan.
- Ch : Digraph Ch
- Cs : Digraph Cs
- Cz : Digraph Cz
- Ҷ ҷ : Cyrillic letter Che with descender
- Ӵ ӵ : Cyrillic letter Che with diaeresis
- Ҹ ҹ : Cyrillic letter Che with vertical stroke
- Ӌ ӌ : Cyrillic letter Khakassian Che
- Ɥ ɥ : Latin letter turned H
- Վ վ : Armenian letter Vev
- Կ կ : Armenian letter Ken
- Ճ ճ : Armenian letter Che
Computing codes
| Preview | Ч | ч | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CHE | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 1063 | U+0427 | 1095 | U+0447 |
| UTF-8 | 208 167 | D0 A7 | 209 135 | D1 87 |
| Numeric character reference | Ч | Ч | ч | ч |
| Named character reference | Ч | ч | ||
| KOI8-R and KOI8-U | 254 | FE | 222 | DE |
| Code page 855 | 252 | FC | 251 | FB |
| Code page 866 | 151 | 97 | 231 | E7 |
| Windows-1251 | 215 | D7 | 247 | F7 |
| ISO-8859-5 | 199 | C7 | 231 | E7 |
| Macintosh Cyrillic | 151 | 97 | 247 | F7 |
