- Leporinus acutidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
- Leporinus affinis (Günther, 1864)
- Leporinus agassizii (Steindachner, 1876)
- Leporinus aguapeiensis (Amaral Campos, 1945)
- Leporinus alternus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Leporinus amae (Godoy, 1980)
- Leporinus amazonicus (dos Santos & Zuanon, 2008)[5]
- Leporinus amblyrhynchus (Garavello & Britski, 1987)
- Leporinus apollo (Sidlauskas, Mol & Vari, 2011)
- Leporinus arcus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Leporinus aripuanaensis (Garavello & dos Santos, 1981)
- Leporinus badueli (Puyo, 1948)
- Leporinus bahiensis (Steindachner, 1875)
- Leporinus bimaculatus (Castelnau, 1855)
- Leporinus bistriatus (Britski, 1997)
- Leporinus bleheri (Géry, 1999)
- Leporinus boehlkei (Garavello, 1988)
- Leporinus britskii (Feitosa, dos Santos & Birindelli, 2011)[6]
- Leporinus brunneus (G. S. Myers, 1950)
- Leporinus copelandii (Steindachner, 1875)
- Leporinus crassilabris (Borodin, 1929)
- Leporinus cylindriformis (Borodin, 1929)
- Leporinus desmotes (Fowler, 1914)
- Leporinus ecuadorensis (C. H. Eigenmann & Henn, 1916)
- Leporinus falcipinnis (Mahnert, Géry & So. Muller, 1997)
- Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch, 1794)
- Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794)
- Leporinus geminis (Garavello & dos Santos, 2009)
- Leporinus gomesi (Garavello & dos Santos, 1981)
- Leporinus gossei (Géry, Planquette & Le Bail, 1991)
- Leporinus granti (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
- Leporinus guttatus (Birindelli & Britski, 2009)
- Leporinus holostictus (Cope, 1878)
- Leporinus jamesi (Garman, 1929)
- Leporinus jatuncochi (Ovchynnyk, 1971)
- Leporinus klausewitzi (Géry, 1960)
- Leporinus lacustris (Amaral Campos, 1945)
- Leporinus lebaili (Géry & Planquette, 1983)
- Leporinus leschenaulti (Valenciennes, 1850)
- Leporinus maculatus (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844)
- Leporinus marcgravii (Lütken, 1875)
- Leporinus melanopleura (Günther, 1864)
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- Leporinus melanopleurodes (Birindelli, Britski & Garavello, 2013)[3]
- Leporinus melanostictus (Norman, 1926)
- Leporinus microphthalmus (Garavello, 1989)
- Leporinus moralesi (Fowler, 1942)
- Leporinus multifasciatus (Cope, 1878)
- Leporinus nattereri (Steindachner, 1876)
- Leporinus niceforoi (Fowler, 1943)
- Leporinus nigrotaeniatus (Jardine, 1841)
- Leporinus nijsseni (Garavello, 1990)
- Leporinus octofasciatus (Steindachner, 1915)
- Leporinus octomaculatus (Britski & Garavello, 1993)
- Leporinus ortomaculatus (Garavello, 2000)
- Leporinus pachyurus (Valenciennes, 1850)
- Leporinus parae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1908)
- Leporinus paralternus (Fowler, 1914)
- Leporinus paranensis (Garavello & Britski, 1987)
- Leporinus pearsoni (Fowler, 1940)
- Leporinus pellegrinii (Steindachner, 1910)
- Leporinus piau (Fowler, 1941)
- Leporinus pitingai (dos Santos & Jégu, 1996)
- Leporinus platycephalus (Meinken, 1935)
- Leporinus punctatus (Garavello, 2000)
- Leporinus reticulatus (Britski & Garavello, 1993
- Leporinus santosi (Britski & Birindelli, 2013)[2]
- Leporinus sexstriatus (Britski & Garavello, 1980)
- Leporinus silvestrii (Boulenger, 1902)
- Leporinus spilopleura (Norman, 1926)
- Leporinus steindachneri (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907)
- Leporinus steyermarki (Inger, 1956)
- Leporinus striatus (Kner, 1858)
- Leporinus subniger (Fowler, 1943)
- Leporinus taeniatus (Lütken, 1875)
- Leporinus taeniofasciatus (Britski, 1997)
- Leporinus tigrinus (Borodin, 1929)
- Leporinus trimaculatus (Garavello & dos Santos, 1992)
- Leporinus uatumaensis (dos Santos & Jégu, 1996)
- Leporinus unitaeniatus (Garavello & dos Santos, 2009)
- Leporinus vanzoi (Britski & Garavello, 2005)
- Leporinus venerei (Birindelli & Britski, 2008)[7]
- Leporinus wolfei (Fowler, 1940)
- Leporinus y-ophorus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1922)
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