Fayez Sayegh
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Sayegh nait en 1922 à Kharaba (en), dans le sud de la Syrie sous domination française, où son père était prêtre presbytérien[2]. Il est l’un des six fils d’Abdoullah Sayigh et Afifa Batruni, dont Yusif Sayigh (en), Anis Sayigh (en) et Tawfiq Sayigh (en)[3]. Il avait aussi une sœur, Mary[3]. Son père était syrien et sa mère palestinienne née à al-Bassa.[4].
Encore enfant, Sayegh et sa famille s’installent à Tibériade ; il va à l’école à Safed[5]. Il obtient un bachelor's degree en 1941 et son master en 1945, les deux à l’université américaine de Beyrouth[2]. En 1949, il est reçoit un Ph.D. en philosophie et sciences politiques à l’université de Georgetown[6][7].
Career
Sayegh, along with his brothers who had joined earlier, joined the Syrian Social Nationalist Party in 1943, a "rabidly anti-Semitic, fascist organization [with] international ties to the far-right."[8].[2] He was later expelled from the party after Antoun Saadeh returned to Lebanon in 1947, following his exile.[9] After receiving his Ph.D., Sayegh worked for the Lebanese Embassy in Washington DC. He also worked at the United Nations.[2] He taught at a number of universities, including Yale, Stanford, Macalaster College, as well as at his alma mater AUB and at the University of Oxford.[2]
Sayegh established the Palestine Research Center in Beirut in 1965 and served as its director-general for one year.[6][7] The center published his historical study entitled Zionist Colonialism in Palestine in 1965.[10] His brother, Anes, succeeded Fayez as the director-general of the Palestine Research Center in 1966.[7][11]
Sayegh was instrumental in the establishment of Shu'un Filastiniyya which was started by the Palestine Research Center in 1971.[1] He was the major contributor of the United Nations General Assembly's Resolution 3379 adopted in 1975.[1] The resolution supported the view that Zionism is a form of racism.[1] After this event he acted as the most visible spokesperson of the Palestinian cause.[1]
Sayegh made several appearances on American television as a commentator on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.[12]
Views
Sayegh was one of the early scholars who analyzed the negative effects of the sectarianism in Lebanon.[13] For him these effects of sectarianism emerged as a result of the popular life and popular consciousness, not of the historical events.[13] He argued that not only a political change but also a social change should occur for the unified Arab societies.[11]
Sayegh was the first scholar who developed the concept of the Zionist settler colonialism.[14][15] He argued that Palestinians would never accept "a fraction of rights in a fraction of their homeland."[16] He defined the racial principles of Zionism as self-segregation, exclusiveness, and supremacy which are the elements of segregation.[1] These elements are the central characteristic of apartheid.[1]
He challenged Israel's arguments in the UN, asserting that resolutions regarding occupied territories need not be "two-sided" since there is only one set of occupied territories.[17][18] Sayegh expressed empathy for all who suffer foreign occupation, urging UN delegates to uphold international law and human rights. Against this background, he rejected the notion of Palestinian exceptionalism, emphasizing universal principles and the importance of applying them consistently.[réf. nécessaire]
Sayegh and other diplomats and juristsModèle:Who helped bring attention to the Palestinian cause within the framework of international law and human rights.[17]
Death
Sayegh died in New York City in 1980 and was buried in Beirut.[2]