リダクション

こうしたリダクションに、リンキングの結合や、フラッピングの変化が加わるなどして、様々な「縮約」（短縮、contractions）や「弛緩発音」（訛り/崩し発音、relaxed pronunciation）が生じる^[3]。

（「弛緩発音」を反映した崩した非標準的な綴り・表記は、「視覚方言」と呼ばれる。）

n’t <- not

• ain’t <- am not/is not/are not/has not/have not
• isn’t <- is not
• wasn’t <- was not
• aren’t <- are not
• weren’t <- were not
• don’t <- do not
• doesn’t <- does not
• didn’t <- did not
• haven’t <- have not
• hasn’t <- has not
• hadn’t <- had not
• can’t <- can not
• couldn’t <- could not
• won’t <- will not
• wouldn’t <- would not
• shouldn’t <- should not
• mustn’t <- must not

その他

• I’m <- I am
• ’re <- are/were
• ’s <- is/has/does/us
• ’ve <- have
• ’d <- would/had
• ’ll <- will/shall

a <- of

• lotta <- lot of
• kinda <- kind of
• outta <- out of
• sorta <- sort of

a <- have

• woulda <- would have
• coulda <- could have
• shoulda <- should have
• mighta <- might have
• musta <- must have

ta/na <- to

• gotta <- got to
• hafta <- have to
• oughta <- ought to
• wanna <- want to
• gonna <- going to
• trynna <- trying to

ya (cha/ja) <- you

• d'ya <- do you
• doncha <- don't you
• gotcha <- got you
• getcha <- get you / get your
• didja <- did you
• wouldja <- would you

me

• lemme <- let me
• gimme <- give me

その他

• dunno <- don’t know
• sup <- what’s up
• ya/yup/yep <- yes

• リンキング
• 母音弱化
• フラッピング