14th Special Forces Division
Military unit
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 14th Special Forces Division (Arabic: ÙرÙØ© اÙÙÙات اÙخاصة اÙرابعة عشرة) was a division of the Syrian Armed Forces specializing in light infantry operations.[5] The Division was part of the Syrian Army's 2nd Corps.
Ba'athist Syria 
Syrian Arab Armed Forces 
Syrian Arab Army | 14th Special Forces Division | |
|---|---|
| ÙرÙØ© اÙÙÙات اÙخاصة اÙرابعة عشرة | |
Syrian Special Forces Patch | |
| Active | 1968 â 2024 |
| Country | Ba'athist Syria |
| Allegiance | Syrian Arab Armed Forces |
| Branch | Syrian Arab Army |
| Type | Special forces |
| Role | Close-quarters combat Counter-insurgency Counter-terrorism Direct action Raiding Reconnaissance Special operations Unconventional warfare Urban warfare |
| Size | 3 regiments |
| Part of | 2nd Corps |
| Garrison/HQ | Damascus |
| Tactical color marking |  |
| Engagements | |
| Commanders | |
| Current Commander | Maj. Gen. Ali Asaad |
| Notable commanders | Maj. Gen. Ali Haydar Maj. Gen. Bassel al-Assad Maj. Gen. Ali Habib Mahmud Maj. Gen. Mufid Hassan[3] Maj. Gen. Fuad Masaoud[4] |
Role
Syrians used the term "Special Forces" to describe the 14th, 15th divisions, as well as the independent 'special forces' regiments, but they more closely resembled conventional light infantry units than Western Special Forces in both mission and composition.
The term "Special Forces" was applied ostensibly because of their specialized training in airborne and air assault operations, but they were regarded as light infantry forces and elite only in relation to the conventional armored and mechanized brigades of the Syrian Army.[6]
Command structure
Combat history
The 14th Special Forces Division was established to command three Special Forces Regiments after the mid 1990s restructuring of Ali Haydarâs consolidated Special Forces Command.[8]
Haydar's Special Forces expanded in size to 25,000 men, and formed a key part of the Syrian government's security apparatus. The Special Forces were trained in airborne operations, and were rivaled on power only by the Defense Companies controlled by Hafez's brother, Rifaat. As such, the 14th Division became a strong counter-weight to the Defense Companies, as both these formations were largely airborne divisions.
New members were traditionally recruited from the Alawite sect to ensure loyalty to the government. Intelligence sources state it is likely that such units were involved in crushing popular dissent and neutralizing ringleaders.[9]
Syrian intervention in Lebanon
Under the command of Ali Haidar, the Special Forces units were deployed to Lebanon as part of the Syrian intervention in the Lebanese Civil War. It provided support to Kamal Jumblatt and in some cases cooperating with the Lebanese National Movement and Lebanese National Resistance Front. During the war they engaged with PLO units under the command of Yasser Arafat.[10]
Syrian Civil War
The government committed much of the 14th Special Forces Division to the assault of Homs, in which it fought some of the strongest rebel positions of Homsâ southwest Baba Amr, Inshaat, and Jobar neighborhoods.[11]
Opposition reports specifically cited activity from the 556th Special Forces Regiment, but most frequently cited the 14th Special Forces Division generally. Activity was reported in different parts of the city during similar time-frames, suggesting that at least one additional regiment from the 14th Special Forces was involved in the operation of recapturing Homs.
Since 2019, it was reorganized and rebuild with new graduates of the military academies.[12] The old battalions and brigades were destroyed, and had to be rebuilt from scratch.[13]