17th century in philosophy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a timeline of philosophy in the 17th century.
Events
- 1600 â Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, poet, alchemist, astronomer, cosmological theorist, and esotericist was burned alive at Campo de' Fiori in Rome after being convicted of heresy.[1]
- 1611 â The first Accademia dei Lincei is founded by Federico Cesi, which holds discussions that reject the traditional Aristotelian framework.[2]
- 1620 â The establishment of Francis Baconâs scientific method prompts reevaluation of empirical evidence in philosophy.[1]
- 1633 â The Roman Inquisition finds Galileo âvehemently suspect of heresy" after he defended heliocentricism, challenging traditional Aristotelian cosmology.[3]
- 1641 â René Descartes formulates the mind-body problem in his publication, Meditations on First Philosophy.[4]
- 1643 â Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia and René Descartes correspond about their differing views on mind, soul, and immortality.[5]
- 1649 â Christina, Queen of Sweden invites René Descartes to educate her in his philosophical views, particularly his insight into Catholicism.[6][7]
- 1653 â Blaise Pascal has a spiritual vision of fire that convinces him of God's presence, which leads to him dedicating the rest of his life to theological and philosophical interests.[8]
- 1656 â Portuguese-Jewish philosopher Baruch Spinoza is excommunicated from the Portuguese-Jewish community in Amsterdam after questioning rabbinic authority.[9]
- 1660 â The Royal Society in the United Kingdom establishes after 12 natural philosophers at Gresham College decide to commence a "Colledge for the Promoting of Physico-Mathematicall Experimentall Learning.â[10]
- 1668 â Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz took up a diplomatic position in Mainz, which exposed him to an extensive range of philosophical thought and would lead to rigorous philosophical production.[11]
- 1670 â Pascal's wager is introduced, causing philosophers to analyze the rationality behind belief in God based on cost-benefit analysis.[12]
- 1687 â Isaac Newton's Principia demonstrates that the universe operates around rational, discoverable laws, supporting the rise of empiricism and rationalism.[13]
Publications
- Monita Politico-Moralia et Icon Ingeniorum by Andrzej Maksymilian Fredro[14]
- Dissertatio, de Ingenii Muliebris ad Doctrinam, & meliores Litteras Aptitudine by Anna Maria von Shurman[15]
- Quaestiones Quodlibeticae by Arnold Geulincx[16]
- Logica fundamentis suis restituta by Arnold Geulincx[16]
- Methodus inveniendi argumenta by Arnold Geulincx[17]
- De virtute by Arnold Geulincx[16]
- Opera philosophica by Arnold Geulincx[18]
- La logique, ou l'art de penser by Antonie Arnauld and Pierre Nicole
- Grammaire générale et raisonnée by Antonie Arnauld and Claude Lancelot
- Ethics by Baruch Spinoza
- Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione by Baruch Spinoza
- Principia philosophiae cartesianae by Baruch Spinoza
- Tractatus Theologico-Politicus by Baruch Spinoza
- Court Traité Sur Dieu by Baruch Spinoza[19]
- Pensées by Blaise Pascal
- Trois discours sur la condition des grands by Blaise Pascal
- Discours sur les passions de l'amour by Blaise Pascal
- A Cabbalistical Dialogue by Franciscus Mercurius van Helmont[20]
- Discours de Métaphysique by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Brevis Demonstratio Erroris Memorabilis Cartesii et Aliorum Circa Legem Naturae by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz[21]
- Divine Dialogues by Henry More[22]
- Philosophical Poems by Henry More[23]
- Psychodoia Platonica: or, a Platonicall Song of the Soul by Henry More[23]
- Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Issac Newton
- Certamen Philosophicum Propugnatæ Veritatis Divinæ ac Naturalis Adversus J. Bredenburgi Principia by Isaac Orobio de Castro[24]
- Disputatio theologica practica de conscientia by Johannes Clausberg[25]
- Two Treatises of Government by John Locke
- Epistola de tolerantia by John Locke
- An Essay Concerning Human Understanding by John Locke[26]
- Tenure of Kings and Magistrates by John Milton
- An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language by John Wilkins
- The Nature of Bodies by Kenelm Digby[27]
- On the Immortality of Reasonable Souls by Kenelm Digby[27]
- Observations upon Experimental Philosophy by Margaret Cavendish[28]
- Grounds of Natural Philosophy by Margaret Cavendish[29]
- Philosophical Letters by Margaret Cavendish[30]
- Some Reflections Upon Marriage by Mary Astell[31]
- Animadversiones by Pierre Gassendi[32][33]
- Exercitationes by Pierre Gassendi[34]
- Syntagma philosophicum by Pierre Gassendi[34]
- Dasbodh by Samarth Ramdas
- Les Passions de l'âme by René Descartes
- Discours de la Méthode by René Descartes
- Meditationes de Prima Philosophia by René Descartes
- LâHomme by René Descartes
- Meditationes de Prima Philosophia by René Descartes[35]
- Considérations sur l'état présent de la controverse touchant le T. S. Sacrement de l'autel by Robert Desgabets[36]
- Discours de la communication ou transfusion du sang by Robert Desgabets[36]
- Critique de la critique de la Recherche de la vérité by Robert Desgabets[36]
- Traité de lâindéfectibilité des créatures by Robert Desgabets[36]
- Supplément à la philosophie de M. Descartes by Robert Desgabets[36]
- Guide de la raison naturelle by Robert Desgabets[36]
- Traité de lâunion de lââme et du corps by Robert Desgabets[36]
- De legibus naturae by Richard Cumberland[37]
- Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes
- De Cive by Thomas Hobbes
- De Corpore by Thomas Hobbes
- De Motu, Loco et Tempore by Thomas Hobbes[38]
- The Horae Subsecivae by Thomas Hobbes[39]
- Elementorum Philosophiae Sectio Secunda De Homine by Thomas Hobbes[40]
- Problematica Physica by Thomas Hobbes[41]
- Of Liberty and Necessity by Thomas Hobbes and John Bramhall[42]
Births
- 1600 â Elizabeth Foxcroft, English theosophist.
- 1601 â Baltasar Gracián, Spanish Jesuit and Baroque prose writer and philosopher.
- 1602 â William Chillingworth, English churchman.
- 1602 â Bartholomew Mastrius, Italian Conventual Franciscan philosopher and theologian.
- 1602 â Athanasius Kircher, German Jesuit scholar and polymath.
- 1603 â Kenelm Digby, English courtier, diplomat, and natural philosopher.
- 1603/04 â Issac Cardoso, Sephardic Jewish physician, philosopher, and polemic writer.
- 1603/04 â Anandghan, ÅvetÄmbara Jain monk, mystical poet and hymnist.
- 1605 â Thomas Browne, English polymath.
- 1606 â Mulla Mahmud Jaunpuri, Indian natural philosopher and astronomer.
- 1607 â Francesco Sforza Pallavicino, Italian cardinal, philosopher, theologian, literary theorist, and church historian.
- 1607 â Anna Maria van Schurman, Dutch painter, engraver, poet, classical scholar, philosopher, and feminist writer.
- 1608 â Samarth Ramdas, Indian Hindu saint, philosopher, poet, writer, and spiritual master.
- 1609 â Kâtip Ãelebi, Turkish polymath.
- 1610 â Robert Desgabets, French Cartesian philosopher and Benedictine prior.
- 1610 â Huang Zongxi, Chinese naturalist, political theorist, philosopher, and soldier.
- 1612 â Antoine Arnauld, French Catholic theologian, philosopher, and mathematician.
- 1614 â Henry More, English philosopher.
- 1614 â John Wilkins, English Anglican clergyman, natural philosopher, and author.
- 1614 â Franciscus Mercurius van Helmon, Flemish alchemist and writer.
- 1617 â Ralph Cudworth, English Anglican clergyman, Christian Hebraist, classicist, theologian, and philosopher.
- 1617 â Isaac Orobio de Castro, Portuguese Jewish philosopher, physician, and religious apologist.
- 1617 â Tito Livio Burattini, Italian inventor, architect, Egyptologist, scientist, instrument-maker, traveller, engineer, and nobleman.
- 1618 â Jacques Rohault, French philosopher, physicist, and mathematician.
- 1618 â John Smith, English philosopher, theologian, and educator.
- 1619 â Walter Charleton, English natural philosopher and writer.
- 1619 â Nathaniel Culverwell, English author and theologian.
- 1620 â Claude Frassen, French Franciscan Scotist theologian and philosopher.
- 1620 - François Bernier, French physician and traveller.
- 1622 â Johannes Clauberg, German theologian and philosopher.
- 1623 â Margaret Cavendish, English philosopher, poet, scientist, fiction writer, and playwright.
- 1623 â Blaise Pascal, French physicist, inventor, philosopher, and Catholic writer.
- 1623 â William Petty, English economist, physician, scientist, and philosopher.
- 1623 â Arnold Geulincx, Flemish philosopher, metaphysician, and logician.
- 1626 â Géraud de Cordemoy, French philosopher, historian, and lawyer.
- 1626 â Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor.
- 1625 â Francesco D'Andrea, Italian jurist and natural philosopher.
- 1627 â Robert Boyle, Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, alchemist, and inventor.
- 1627 â Hugh Binning, Scottish philosopher and theologian.
- 1627 â ItÅ Jinsai, Japanese Confucian philosopher.
- 1630 â Pierre Daniel Huet, French churchman, scholar, editor, and Bishop of Soissons.
- 1630 â Kaibara Ekken, Japanese Neo-Confucianist philosopher and botanist.
- 1631 â Richard Cumberland, English philosopher and Bishop of Peterborough.
- 1631 â Ann Conway, English philosopher.
- 1632 â John Locke, English philosopher and physician.
- 1632 â Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher, theologian, author, and political scientist.
- 1632 â Louis de La Forge, French philosopher.
- 1632 â Pierre-Sylvain Régis, French philosopher.
- 1633 â Walda Heywat, Ethiopian philosopher.
- 1634 â Balthasar Bekker, Dutch minister, philosopher, and theologian.
- 1635 â Yan Yuan, Chinese classicist, essayist, and philosopher.
- 1636 â Joseph Glanvill, English philosopher and clergyman.
- 1637/38 â Richard Burthogge, physician, magistrate, and philosopher.
- 1638 â Nicolas Malebranche, French Oratorian Catholic priest and rationalist philosopher.
- 1642 â Isaac Newton, English polymath.
- 1644 â Simon Foucher, French polemic philosopher.
- 1646 â Elena Cornaro Piscopia, Italian philosopher.
- 1647 â Pierre Bayle, French philosopher, author, and lexicographer.
- 1649 â Samuel Bold, English clergyman and controversialist.
- 1649 â Samuel Johnson, English clergyman and political writer.
- 1650 â Michelangelo Fardella, Italian scientist and mathematician.
- 1655 â Christian Thomasius, German jurist and philosopher.
- 1657 â John Norris, English philosopher, theologian, and poet.
- 1657 â Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle, French author and philosopher.
- 1659 â Damaris Cudworth Masham, English writer, philosopher, theologian, and proto-feminist.
- 1659 â William Wollaston, English teacher, priest, scholar, theologian, and philosopher.
- 1661 â René-Joseph de Tournemine, French Jesuit philosopher and theologian.
- 1661 â Claude Buffier, French philosopher, historian, and teacher.
- 1662 â Francesco Bianchini, Italian philosopher and scientist.
- 1663 â Jean-Pierre de Crousaz, Swiss theologian and philosopher.
- 1665 â Ingeborg i Mjärhult, Swedish natural healer, natural philosopher, soothsayer and spiritual visionary.
- 1665 â Richard Bentley, English classical scholar, critic, and theologian.
- 1665 â Peter Browne, Irish Anglican priest.
- 1666 â OgyÅ« Sorai, Japanese historian, philologist, philosopher, and translator.
- 1666 â Guru Gobind Singh, Sikh Guru, warrior, poet, and philosopher.
- 1668 â Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher, rhetorician, historian, and jurist.
- 1668 â Tommaso Campailla, Italian philosopher, physician, politician and poet.
- 1670 â Bernard Mandeville, Anglo-Dutch philosopher, political economist, satirist, writer and physician.
- 1671 â Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, English peer, Whig politician, philosopher, and writer.
- 1671 â Luigi Guido Grandi, Italian monk, priest, philosopher, theologian, mathematician, and engineer.
- 1672 â Gershom Carmichael, Scottish philosopher.
- 1675 â Samuel Clarke, English philosopher and Anglican cleric.
- 1675 â Yves Marie André, French Jesuit mathematician, philosopher, and essayist.
- 1676 â Anthony Collins, English philosopher and essayist.
- 1676 â Pietro Giannone, Italian philosopher, historian, and jurist.
- 1677 â Antonio Schinella Conti, Italian writer, translator, mathematician, philosopher, and physicist.
- 1678 â Robert Greene, English philosopher.
- 1679 â Christian Wolff, German philosopher.
- 1679 â Firmin Abauzit, French philosopher.
- 1679 â Catharine Trotter Cockburn, English novelist, dramatist, and philosopher.
- 1679 â Anthony Collins, English philosopher and essayist.
- 1680 â Arthur Collier, English Anglican priest and philosopher.
- 1683 â John Theophilus Desaguliers, French-born English natural philosopher, clergyman, engineer and freemason.
- 1685 â George Berkeley, Anglo-Irish philosopher.
- 1686 â John Balguy, English divine and philosopher.
- 1689 â Montesquieu, French judge, man of letters, historian, and political philosopher.
- 1692 â Joseph Butler, English Anglican bishop, theologian, apologist, and philosopher.
- 1692 â Francesco Maria Zanotti, Italian philosopher and writer.
- 1694 â Francis Hutcheson, Irish philosopher.
- 1694 â Samuel von Pufendorf, German jurist, political philosopher, economist, and historian.
- 1696 â Voltaire, French Enlightenment writer, philosopher, satirist, and historian.
- 1696 â Henry Home, Lord Kames, Scottish writer, philosopher, and judge.
- 1698 â Alberto Radicati, Italian historian, philosopher and free-thinker.
- 1699 â Jacopo Stellini, Italian abbot, polymath writer, and philosopher.
Deaths
- 1600 â Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, poet, alchemist, astronomer, cosmological theorist, and esotericist.
- 1624/25 â Ahmad Sirhindi, Indian Islamic scholar, Hanafi jurist, and member of the NaqshbandÄ« Sufi order.
- 1635/40 â Mulla Sadra, Persian Twelver Shi'i Islamic mystic, philosopher, theologian, and âÄlim.
- 1642 â Galileo Galilei, Italian polymath.
- 1644 â William Chillingworth, English churchman.
- 1649 â Caspar Schoppe, German catholic controversialist and scholar.
- 1651 â Nathaniel Culverwell, English author and theologian.
- 1652 â John Smith, English philosopher, theologian, and educator.
- 1653 â Hugh Binning, Scottish philosopher and theologian.
- 1657 â Kâtip Ãelebi, Turkish polymath.
- 1658 â Baltasar Gracián, Spanish Jesuit and Baroque prose writer and philosopher.
- 1662 â Blaise Pascal, French mathematician and philosopher.
- 1665 â Kenelm Digby, English courtier, diplomat and natural philosopher.
- 1665 â Johannes Clauberg, German theologian and philosopher.
- 1667 â Francesco Sforza Pallavicino, Italian cardinal, philosopher, theologian, literary theorist, and church historian.
- 1672 â Jacques Rohault, French philosopher, physicist, and mathematician.
- 1672 â John Wilkins, English Anglican clergyman, natural philosopher, and author.
- 1673 â Margaret Cavendish, English philosopher, poet, scientist, fiction writer, and playwright.
- 1675 â Emanuele Tesauro, Italian philosopher, rhetorician, literary theorist, dramatist, Marinist poet, and historian.
- 1677 â Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher.
- 1678 â Anna Maria van Schurman, Dutch painter, engraver, poet, classical scholar, philosopher, and feminist writer.
- 1678 â Robert Desgabets, French Cartesian philosopher and Benedictine prior.
- 1679 â Elizabeth Foxcroft, English theosophist.
- 1679 â Ann Conway, English philosopher.
- 1679 â Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher.
- 1680 â Athanasius Kircher, German Jesuit scholar and polymath.
- 1681 â Tito Livio Burattini, Italian inventor, architect, Egyptologist, scientist, instrument-maker, traveller, engineer, and nobleman.
- 1687 â Thomas Browne, English polymath.
- 1687 â Isaac Orobio de Castro, Portuguese Jewish philosopher, physician, and religious apologist.
- 1687 â Henry More, English philosopher.
- 1687 â William Petty, English economist, physician, scientist, and philosopher.
- 1688 â Ralph Cudworth, English Anglican clergyman, Christian Hebraist, classicist, theologian, and philosopher.
- 1688 â François Bernier, French physician and traveller.
- 1694 â Antoine Arnauld, French Catholic theologian, philosopher, and mathematician.
- 1695 â Huang Zongxi, Chinese naturalist, political theorist, philosopher, and soldier.
- 1696 â Simon Foucher, French polemic philosopher.
- 1698 â Franciscus Mercurius van Helmon, Flemish alchemist and writer.
- 1699 â Edward Stillingfleet, English Christian theologian and scholar.