1800 in Germany
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Incumbents
Holy Roman Empire
- Francis II (5 July 1792 â 6 August 1806)
Important Electors
- Bavaria â Maximilian I (16 February 1799 â 6 August 1806)[1]
- Saxony â Frederick Augustus I (17 December 1763 â 20 December 1806)[2]
Kingdoms
- Kingdom of Prussia
- Monarch â Frederick William III (16 November 1797 â 7 June 1840)[3]
Grand Duchies
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Frederick Francis Iâ (24 April 1785 â 1 February 1837)[4]
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Charles II (2 June 1794 â 6 November 1816)[5]
- Grand Duke of Oldenburg
- Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
- Karl August (1758â1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809
Principalities
- Schaumburg-Lippe
- George William (13 February 1787 â 1860)
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 â 28 April 1807)[7]
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 â 19 August 1835)
- Principality of Reuss-Greiz
- Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 â 29 January 1817)
- Waldeck and Pyrmont
- Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 â 24 September 1812)
Duchies
- Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
- Leopold III (16 December 1751 â 9 August 1817)[8]
- Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
- Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780â1826) â Frederick[4]
- Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
- Francis (8 September 1800 â 9 December 1806)
- Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
- Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
- Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 â 25 March 1816)[10]
- Duke of Württemberg
- Frederick I (22 December 1797 â 30 October 1816)[11]
Other
Events
- 2 April â Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 1 premieres at the Burgtheater, in Vienna.
- May 3
- Battle of Stockach: French victory[12]
- Battle of Engen: French victory[12]
- 4â5 Mayâ Battle of Messkirch: French victory
- 9 May â Battle of Biberach: French victory
- 15 May â Battle of Erbach: French victory
- 19 June â War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Höchstädt â General Jean Victor Marie Moreau leads French forces to victory, opening the Danube passageway to Vienna.
- 27 June â Battle of Neuburg: French victory[13]
- 22 November â War of the Second Coalition: Hostilities resume.
- 1 December â Battle of Ampfing
- 3 December â War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden â The French army defeats Habsburg and Bavarian troops.
Births
- 26 January â Johann Gerhard Oncken, German Baptist preacher (died 1884)
- 3 March â Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist, paleontologist (died 1862)
- 10 March â Victor Aimé Huber, German social reformer (died 1869)
- 17 March â Rudolf Ewald Stier, German Protestant churchman, mystic (died 1862)
- 20 March â Gottfried Bernhardy, German philologist, literary historian (died 1875)[14]
- 25 March â Ernst Heinrich Karl von Dechen, German geologist, mineralogist (died 1889)
- 28 March â Johann Georg Wagler, German herpetologist (died 1832)
- 16 April â Jakob Heine, German orthopaedist (died 1879)
- 30 May â Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach, German geometer (died 1834)
- 31 July â Friedrich Wöhler, German chemist (died 1882)
- 20 August â Bernhard Heine, German physician, bone specialist and inventor (died 1846)
- 26 October â Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, German Field Marshal (died 1891)
Approximate date
- Abraham Rice, German-born rabbi, first ordained rabbi to serve in the United States (died 1862)
Deaths
- 3 January â Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein, Prime Minister of Prussia (born 1714)
- 6 January â Friedrich Adolf Riedesel, German soldier (born 1738)
- 11 January â Kyra Frosini, Greek heroine (born 1773)
- 16 January â Johann Christian Wiegleb, German chemist (born 1732)
- 4 February â Charlotte Sophie of Aldenburg, Countess of Varel and Kniphausen (born 1715)[15]
- 20 June â Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (born 1719)
- 28 June â Heinrich XI, Prince Reuss of Greiz, German noble (born 1722)
- 10 September â Johann David Schoepff, German naturalist, doctor (born 1752)
- 4 October â Johann Hermann, German physician, naturalist (born 1738)
