1803 in Germany
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Incumbents
Holy Roman Empire
- Francis II (5 July 1792 – 6 August 1806)
Important Electors
- Baden- Charles Frederick (27 April 1803 – 6 August 1806)
- Bavaria- Maximilian I (16 February 1799 – 6 August 1806)[1]
- Saxony- Frederick Augustus I (17 December 1763 – 20 December 1806)[2]
- Württemberg - Frederick I (1803 – 30 October 1816)[3]
Kingdoms
- Kingdom of Prussia
- Monarch – Frederick William III (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)[4]
Grand Duchies
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Frederick Francis I (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)[5]
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Charles II (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816)[6]
- Grand Duke of Oldenburg
- Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
- Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809
Principalities
- Schaumburg-Lippe
- George William (13 February 1787 – 1860)
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 – 28 April 1807)[8]
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 – 19 August 1835)
- Principality of Lippe
- Leopold II (5 November 1802 – 1 January 1851)[9]
- Principality of Reuss-Greiz
- Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 – 29 January 1817)
- Waldeck and Pyrmont
- Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812)
Duchies
- Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
- Leopold III (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)[10]
- Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
- Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick[5]
- Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
- Francis (8 September 1800 – 9 December 1806)
- Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
- Bernhard II (24 December 1803 – 20 September 1866)[11]
- Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
- Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)[12]
Other
Events
- 25 February – A major redistribution of territorial sovereignty within the Holy Roman Empire is enacted via an act known as the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss.
- 30 May – Following Britain's declaration of war on France, Édouard Mortier leads 12,000 troops in an Invasion of Hanover
- 5 July – The convention of Artlenburg confirms the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
Births
January–June
- 15 February
- John Sutter, pioneer (died 1880)[13]
- Karl Friedrich Schimper, botanist, naturalist and poet (died 1867)[14]
- 26 February – Arnold Adolph Berthold, physiologist and zoologist (died 1861)[15]
- 17 March Carl Jacob Löwig, chemist (died 1890)[16]
- 12 May – Justus von Liebig, chemist (died 1873)[17]
July–December
- 8 July – Julius Mosen, poet (died 1867)
- 17 July – Johann Samuel Eduard d'Alton, anatomist (died 1854)
- 19 July – Wolfgang Franz von Kobell, mineralogist and writer (died 1882)
- 5 October – Friedrich Bernhard Westphal, painter (died 1844)
- 29 November – Gottfried Semper, architect (died 1879)
- 26 September – Adrian Ludwig Richter, German painter (died 1884)
- 6 October – Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, German physicist and meteorologist (died 1879)
- 31 December – Johann Carl Fuhlrott, German paleoanthropologist (died 1877)
Deaths
January–June
- 18 February – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, poet (born 1719)
- 14 March – Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, poet (born 1724)
July–December
- 18 December – Johann Gottfried Herder, philosopher and writer (born 1744)