1806 in Germany
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Incumbents
- Francis II (5 July 1792 â 6 August 1806)
Kingdoms
- Kingdom of Prussia
- Monarch â Frederick William III (16 November 1797 â 7 June 1840)[1]
- Kingdom of Bavaria
- Maximilian I (1 January 1806 â 13 October 1825)[2]
- Kingdom of Saxony
- Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 â 5 May 1827)[3]
- Kingdom of Württemberg
- Frederick I (22 December 1797 â 30 October 1816)[4]
Grand Duchies
- Grand Duke of Baden
- Charles Frederick (25 July 1806 â 10 June 1811)
- Grand Duke of Hesse
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Frederick Francis I (24 April 1785 â 1 February 1837)[5]
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Charles II (2 June 1794 â 6 November 1816)[6]
- Grand Duke of Oldenburg
- Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
- Karl August (1758â1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809
Principalities
- Schaumburg-Lippe
- George William (13 February 1787 â 1860)
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 â 28 April 1807)[8]
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 â 19 August 1835)
- Principality of Lippe
- Leopold II (5 November 1802 â 1 January 1851)[9]
- Principality of Reuss-Greiz
- Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 â 29 January 1817)
- Waldeck and Pyrmont
- Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 â 24 September 1812)
Duchies
- Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
- Leopold III (16 December 1751 â 9 August 1817)[10]
- Duke of Brunswick
- Frederick William (16 October 1806 â 16 June 1815)[11]
- Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
- Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780â1826) - Frederick[5]
- Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
- Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
- Bernhard II (24 December 1803 â 20 September 1866)[13]
- Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
- Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 â 25 March 1816)[14]
Events
- 1 January â The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon.
- 12 July â Sixteen German Imperial States leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine; Liechtenstein is given full sovereignty, leading to the collapse of the Empire after 844 years.
- 6 August â Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire after about a millennium.
- 25 September â Prussia issues an ultimatum to Paris, threatening war if France does not halt marching its troops through Prussian territory to reach Austria; the message does not reach Napoleon Bonaparte until 7 October, and he responds by attacking Prussia.[15]
- 8 October â Napoleon responds to the 25 September ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.[15]
- 9 October â Battle of Schleiz: French and Prussian forces fight for the first time since the war began. The Prussian army is easily defeated, by a more numerous French force.
- 10 October â Battle of Saalfeld
- 14 October â Battle of JenaâAuerstedt: Napoleon defeats the Prussian army of Prince Hohenlohe at Jena, while Marshal Davout defeats the main Prussian army under Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who is killed.
- 16 October â Capitulation of Erfurt
- 17 October â Battle of Halle
- 24 October â French forces enter Berlin.
- 25 October â 8 November â Siege of Magdeburg
- 28 October â Battle of Prenzlau
- 29 October â Capitulation of Pasewalk
- 30 October â Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.
- 1 November â Battle of Waren-Nossentin
- 6 November â Battle of Lübeck
- 7â22 November â Siege of Hamelin
- 21 November â Berlin Decree
Births
- 1 January â Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic-German chess player (died 1853)
- 13 January â Eugen Napoleon Neureuther, German painter and illustrator (died 1882)
- 18 February â Eduard Heis, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1877)
- 6 April â Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl, German scholar (died 1876)
- 12 June â John Augustus Roebling, German-American engineer (died 1869)
- 22 July â Johann Kaspar Zeuss, German historian and philologist (died 1856)

- 25 October â Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)
- 23 November â Philipp Hoffmann, German architect and builder (died 1869)
- 11 December â Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (died 1886)
Deaths
- 6 January â Jean Henri Riesener, German furniture designer (born 1734)
- 3 March â Heinrich Christian Boie, German poet and editor (born 1744)
- 23 August â Johann Eleazar Zeissig, German genre, portrait and porcelain painter, and engraver (born 1737)
- 10 October â Therese Maron, German painter active in Rome (born 1725)
- 10 October â Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince (killed in battle) (born 1772)
Date unknown
- Johann Gottfried Arnold, German cellist (born 1773)
