1806 in Germany

Holy Roman Empire

• Francis II (5 July 1792 – 6 August 1806)

• 1 January – The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon.
• 12 July – Sixteen German Imperial States leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine; Liechtenstein is given full sovereignty, leading to the collapse of the Empire after 844 years.
• 6 August – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire after about a millennium.
• 25 September – Prussia issues an ultimatum to Paris, threatening war if France does not halt marching its troops through Prussian territory to reach Austria; the message does not reach Napoleon Bonaparte until 7 October, and he responds by attacking Prussia.^[15]
• 8 October – Napoleon responds to the 25 September ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.^[15]
• 9 October – Battle of Schleiz: French and Prussian forces fight for the first time since the war began. The Prussian army is easily defeated, by a more numerous French force.
• 10 October – Battle of Saalfeld
• 14 October – Battle of Jena–Auerstedt: Napoleon defeats the Prussian army of Prince Hohenlohe at Jena, while Marshal Davout defeats the main Prussian army under Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who is killed.
• 16 October – Capitulation of Erfurt
• 17 October – Battle of Halle
• 24 October – French forces enter Berlin.
• 25 October – 8 November – Siege of Magdeburg
• 28 October – Battle of Prenzlau
• 29 October – Capitulation of Pasewalk
• 30 October – Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.
• 1 November – Battle of Waren-Nossentin
• 6 November – Battle of Lübeck
• 7–22 November – Siege of Hamelin
• 21 November – Berlin Decree

• 1 January – Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic-German chess player (died 1853)
• 13 January – Eugen Napoleon Neureuther, German painter and illustrator (died 1882)
• 18 February – Eduard Heis, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1877)
• 6 April – Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl, German scholar (died 1876)
• 12 June – John Augustus Roebling, German-American engineer (died 1869)
• 22 July – Johann Kaspar Zeuss, German historian and philologist (died 1856)

• 25 October – Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)
• 23 November – Philipp Hoffmann, German architect and builder (died 1869)
• 11 December – Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (died 1886)

• 6 January – Jean Henri Riesener, German furniture designer (born 1734)
• 3 March – Heinrich Christian Boie, German poet and editor (born 1744)
• 23 August – Johann Eleazar Zeissig, German genre, portrait and porcelain painter, and engraver (born 1737)
• 10 October – Therese Maron, German painter active in Rome (born 1725)
• 10 October – Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince (killed in battle) (born 1772)